The five-card trick can be done with four cards
T Mizuki, M Kumamoto, H Sone - … on the Theory and Application of …, 2012 - Springer
T Mizuki, M Kumamoto, H Sone
Advances in Cryptology–ASIACRYPT 2012: 18th International Conference on the …, 2012•SpringerThe “five-card trick” invented by Boer allows Alice and Bob to securely compute the AND
function of their secret inputs using five cards—three black cards and two red cards—with
identical backs. This paper shows that such a secure computation can be done with only
four cards. Specifically, we give a protocol to achieve a secure computation of AND using
only four cards—two black and two red. Our protocol is optimal in the sense that the number
of required cards is minimum.
function of their secret inputs using five cards—three black cards and two red cards—with
identical backs. This paper shows that such a secure computation can be done with only
four cards. Specifically, we give a protocol to achieve a secure computation of AND using
only four cards—two black and two red. Our protocol is optimal in the sense that the number
of required cards is minimum.
Abstract
The “five-card trick” invented by Boer allows Alice and Bob to securely compute the AND function of their secret inputs using five cards—three black cards and two red cards—with identical backs. This paper shows that such a secure computation can be done with only four cards. Specifically, we give a protocol to achieve a secure computation of AND using only four cards—two black and two red. Our protocol is optimal in the sense that the number of required cards is minimum.
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