Speech synthesis using HMMs with dynamic features

T Masuko, K Tokuda, T Kobayashi… - 1996 ieee international …, 1996 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
1996 ieee international conference on acoustics, speech, and …, 1996ieeexplore.ieee.org
This paper presents a new text-to-speech synthesis system based on HMM which includes
dynamic features, ie, delta and delta-delta parameters of speech. The system uses triphone
HMMs as the synthesis units. The triphone HMMs share less than 2,000 clustered states,
each of which is modelled by a single Gaussian distribution. For a given text to be
synthesized, a sentence HMM is constructed by concatenating the triphone HMMs. Speech
parameters are generated from the sentence HMM in such a way that the output probability …
This paper presents a new text-to-speech synthesis system based on HMM which includes dynamic features, i.e., delta and delta-delta parameters of speech. The system uses triphone HMMs as the synthesis units. The triphone HMMs share less than 2,000 clustered states, each of which is modelled by a single Gaussian distribution. For a given text to be synthesized, a sentence HMM is constructed by concatenating the triphone HMMs. Speech parameters are generated from the sentence HMM in such a way that the output probability is maximized. The speech signal is synthesized directly from the obtained parameters using the mel log spectral approximation (MLSA) filter. Without dynamic features, the discontinuity of the generated speech spectra causes glitches in the synthesized speech. On the other hand, with dynamic features, the synthesized speech becomes quite smooth and natural even if the number of clustered states is small.
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