Energy leakages lead to enormous economic losses and environmental pollution for many
manufacturing systems. Thus, energy leakage diagnosis becomes an essential requirement
for an economical and environment-friendly production. However, for parallel-machine job
shops, it is still a challenge to isolate leaking machines from a jamming environment with
limited energy measurements, stochastic parallel jobs, and a fluctuating energy supply. To
address this challenge, an anti-jamming artificial immune approach that combines the …