Does gamification improve student learning outcome? Evidence from a meta-analysis and synthesis of qualitative data in educational contexts

S Bai, KF Hew, B Huang - Educational Research Review, 2020 - Elsevier
Despite the buzz around gamification as an exciting new method to engage students,
evidence of its ability to enhance learning is mixed. In fact, gamification has attracted
considerable controversy (“gamification is bullshit”) and some derogatory labels such as
“exploitationware.” Therefore, in order to make the case for or against gamification in
education, it is important to examine the effects (if any) of gamification on student learning
achievements. This study is a meta-analysis of 30 independent interventions (3,202 …