Based on the construction of the Chinese Meridian Project, two mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere (MST) radars were designed and located in Beijing and Chongyang, Hubei province, China, to investigate the atmospheric dynamics in the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. The official names of the two radio systems are Beijing MST radar and Wuhan MST radar. They are the monostatic radars with an active phased antenna array consisting of 576 Yagi antennas and operated by a 53.8-MHz frequency. The three-element Yagi antennas are arranged in a square grid of 96-m side length to form the aperture of 9216 m ² . This antenna array arrangement forms the five symmetric radar beams of vertex, east, west, south, and north. The beamwidth is 3.2°, the maximum directive gain is 34.8 dB, and the total transmitting peak power is ~172 kW. The zenith angle of the oblique beams is adjustable between 0 and 20° with a 1° step. The average power aperture product of the radars is 3.2×10 ⁸ Wm ² . There are three operating modes of the MST radars, including the low, middle, and high modes, applied to observe the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere, respectively. Thus, these two coherent pulse Doppler MST radars have the ability to study the features of the midlatitude atmospheric turbulence and wind field vector from the troposphere to the lower thermosphere with high spatiotemporal resolution. In this paper, the antenna array, system hardware, and signal processing methods, as well as the typical observation results of the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere, are introduced.