An introduction to infinite projected entangled-pair state methods for variational ground state simulations using automatic differentiation
Jan Naumann, Erik Lennart Weerda, Matteo Rizzi, Jens Eisert, Philipp Schmoll
SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 86 (2024) · published 10 September 2024
- doi: 10.21468/SciPostPhysLectNotes.86
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Abstract
Tensor networks capture large classes of ground states of phases of quantum matter faithfully and efficiently. Their manipulation and contraction has remained a challenge over the years, however. For most of the history, ground state simulations of two-dimensional quantum lattice systems using (infinite) projected entangled pair states have relied on what is called a time-evolving block decimation. In recent years, multiple proposals for the variational optimization of the quantum state have been put forward, overcoming accuracy and convergence problems of previously known methods. The incorporation of automatic differentiation in tensor networks algorithms has ultimately enabled a new, flexible way for variational simulation of ground states and excited states. In this work we review the state-of-the-art of the variational iPEPS framework, providing a detailed introduction to automatic differentiation, a description of a general foundation into which various two-dimensional lattices can be conveniently incorporated, and demonstrative benchmarking results.
Supplementary Information
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Authors / Affiliations: mappings to Contributors and Organizations
See all Organizations.- 1 Jan Naumann,
- 2 Erik Lennart Weerda,
- 2 3 Matteo Rizzi,
- 1 4 Jens Eisert,
- 1 Philipp Schmoll
- 1 Freie Universität Berlin / Freie Universität Berlin [FU Berlin]
- 2 Universität zu Köln / University of Cologne [UoC]
- 3 Forschungszentrum Jülich [FZ Jülich]
- 4 Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie
- Berlin Mathematics Research Center MATH+
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung / Federal Ministry of Education and Research [BMBF]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft / German Research FoundationDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG]
- Forschungszentrum Jülich [FZ Jülich]
- Gauss Centre for Supercomputing
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich
- Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes (through Organization: Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes / German National Academic Foundation)