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{{Infobox language
'''Afrikaans''' is a [[Wast Germanic leids|Wast Germanic leid]], mainly spoken in [[Sooth Africae]] and [[Namibie]]. It is a dochter leid o [[Dutch leid|Dutch]], originatin in its 17t century dialects, collectively referred tae as '''[[Cape Dutch]]'''.<ref group="n">Afrikaans is a dochhter leid o Dutch; see {{harvnb|Booij|1995|p=2}}, {{harvnb|Jansen|Schreuder|Neijt|2007|p=5}}, {{harvnb|Mennen|Levelt|Gerrits|2006|p=1}}, {{harvnb|Booij|2003|p=4}}, {{harvnb|Hiskens|Auer|Kerswill|2005|p=19}}, {{harvnb|Heeringa|de Wet|2007|p=1, 3, 5}}.
| name = Afrikaans
<br>Afrikaans wis historically cawed Cape Dutch; see {{harvnb|Deumert|Vandenbussche|2003|p=16}}, {{harvnb|Conradie|2005|p=208}}, {{harvnb|Sebba|1997|p=160}}, {{harvnb|Langer|Davies|2005|p=144}}, {{harvnb|Deumert|2002|p=3}}, {{harvnb|Berdichevsky|2004|p=130}}.
| pronunciation = {{IPA-af|afriˈkɑːns|}}
<br>Afrikaans is rootit in seiventeenth century dialects o Dutch; see {{harvnb|Holm|1989|p=338}}, {{harvnb|Geerts|Clyne|1992|p=71}}, {{harvnb|Mesthrie|1995|p=214}}, {{harvnb|Niesler|Louw|Roux|2005|p=459}}.
| states = [[Sooth Africae]], [[Namibie]]
<br>Afrikaans is variously described as a creole, a partially creolised leid, or a deviant variety o Dutch; see {{harvnb|Sebba|2007|p=116}}.</ref> Although Afrikaans borrowed frae leids such as [[Malay leid|Malay]], [[Portuguese leid|Portuguese]], the [[Bantu leids]] or the [[Khoisan leids]], an estimatit 90 tae 95&nbsp;percent o Afrikaans vocabulary is ultimately o Dutch origin.{{#tag:ref|Afrikaans borrowed frae ither languages such as Portuguese, Malay, Bantu and Khoisan languages; see {{harvnb|Sebba|1997|p=160}}, {{harvnb|Niesler|Louw|Roux|2005|p=459}}.
| speakers = {{sigfig|7.2|2}} million
<br>90 to 95&nbsp;percent of Afrikaans vocabulary is ultimately of Dutch origin; see {{harvnb|Mesthrie|1995|p=214}}, {{harvnb|Mesthrie|2002|p=205}}, {{harvnb|Kamwangamalu|2004|p=203}}, {{harvnb|Berdichevsky|2004|p=131}}, {{harvnb|Brachin|Vincent|1985|p=132}}|group="n"}} Therefore, [[Differences between Afrikaans and Dutch|differences with Dutch]] often lie in a more regular morphology, grammar, and spelling of Afrikaans.{{#tag:ref|For morphology; see {{harvnb|Holm|1989|p=338}}, {{harvnb|Geerts|Clyne|1992|p=72}}. For grammar and spelling; see {{harvnb|Sebba|1997|p=161}}.|group="n"}} There is a degree of [[mutual intelligibility]] between the two languages—especially in written form—although it is easier for Dutch-speakers to understand Afrikaans than the other way around.{{#tag:ref|Dutch and Afrikaans share mutual intelligibility; see {{harvnb|Gooskens|2007|p=453}}, {{harvnb|Holm|1989|p=338}}, {{harvnb|Baker|Prys Jones|1997|p=302}}, {{harvnb|Egil Breivik|Håkon Jahr|1987|p=232}}.<br>For written mutual intelligibility; see {{harvnb|Sebba|2007|p=116}}, {{harvnb|Sebba|1997|p=161}}.<br>It is easier for Dutch-speakers to understand Afrikaans than the converse; see {{harvnb|Gooskens|2007|p=454}}.|group="n"}}
| date = 2016
| ref = e19
| ethnicity=[[Afrikaners]], [[Cape Coloured]]
| speakers2 = 10.3 million [[L2 speakers]] in Sooth Africae (2002){{sfnp|Webb|2002|loc=14:78}}
| familycolor = Indo-European
| fam2 = [[Germanic leids|Germanic]]
| fam3 = [[Wast Germanic leids|Wast Germanic]]
| fam4 = [[Law Franconian leids|Law Franconian]]
| fam5 = [[Dutch leid|Dutch]]
| script = {{ublist|class=nowrap |[[Laitin script|Latin]] using [[Afrikaans alphabet]] |[[Afrikaans Braille]]}}
| sign = [[Signed Afrikaans]]<ref>Aarons & Reynolds, "South African Sign Language" in Monaghan (ed.), ''Many Ways to be Deaf: International Variation in Deaf Communities'' (2003).</ref>
| nation = {{RSA}}
| agency = [[Die Taalkommissie]]
| minority = {{NAM}}
| iso1=af
| iso2=afr
| iso3=afr
| glotto=afri1274
| glottorefname= Afrikaans
| lingua=52-ACB-ba
| map = Idioma afrikáans.png
| mapcaption = Regions shadit daurk blue represent auries o concentratit Afrikaans-speakin commonties
| notice=IPA
}}
'''Afrikaans''' is a [[Wast Germanic leids|Wast Germanic leid]], mainly spoken in [[Sooth Africae]] and [[Namibie]]. It is a dochter leid o [[Dutch leid|Dutch]], oreeginatin in its 17t century dialects, collectively referred tae as '''[[Cape Dutch]]'''.<ref group="n">Afrikaans is a dochhter leid o Dutch; see {{harvnb|Booij|1995|p=2}}, {{harvnb|Jansen|Schreuder|Neijt|2007|p=5}}, {{harvnb|Mennen|Levelt|Gerrits|2006|p=1}}, {{harvnb|Booij|2003|p=4}}, {{harvnb|Hiskens|Auer|Kerswill|2005|p=19}}, {{harvnb|Heeringa|de Wet|2007|p=1, 3, 5}}.
<br />Afrikaans wis historically cawed Cape Dutch; see {{harvnb|Deumert|Vandenbussche|2003|p=16}}, {{harvnb|Conradie|2005|p=208}}, {{harvnb|Sebba|1997|p=160}}, {{harvnb|Langer|Davies|2005|p=144}}, {{harvnb|Deumert|2002|p=3}}, {{harvnb|Berdichevsky|2004|p=130}}.
<br />Afrikaans is rootit in seiventeent century dialects o Dutch; see {{harvnb|Holm|1989|p=338}}, {{harvnb|Geerts|Clyne|1992|p=71}}, {{harvnb|Mesthrie|1995|p=214}}, {{harvnb|Niesler|Louw|Roux|2005|p=459}}.
<br />Afrikaans is variously described as a creole, a partially creolised leid, or a different variety o Dutch; see {{harvnb|Sebba|2007|p=116}}.</ref> Awtho Afrikaans borraed frae leids sic as [[Malay leid|Malay]], [[Portuguese leid|Portuguese]], the [[Bantu leids]] or the [[Khoisan leids]], an estimatit 90 tae 95&nbsp;percent o Afrikaans vocabulary is o Dutch origin.{{#tag:ref|Afrikaans borraed frae ither languages sic as Portuguese, Malay, Bantu and Khoisan languages; see {{harvnb|Sebba|1997|p=160}}, {{harvnb|Niesler|Louw|Roux|2005|p=459}}.
<br />90 to 95&nbsp;percent of Afrikaans vocabulary is ultimately of Dutch origin; see {{harvnb|Mesthrie|1995|p=214}}, {{harvnb|Mesthrie|2002|p=205}}, {{harvnb|Kamwangamalu|2004|p=203}}, {{harvnb|Berdichevsky|2004|p=131}}, {{harvnb|Brachin|Vincent|1985|p=132}}|group="n"}}
 
Wi aboot 6 million native speakers in Sooth Africae, or 13.3&nbsp;percent o the population, it is the third maist spoken mither tongue in the kintra.<ref name="statssa-2001-language-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/PublicationsHTML/Report-03-02-042001/html/Report-03-02-042001_18.html?gInitialPosX=10px&gInitialPosY=10px&gZoomValue=100|title=Census 2001 - Home language|publisher=[[Statistics Sooth Africae]]|accessdate=2 February 2010}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="statistics">{{cite web |ref=harv |url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/census01/html/RSAPrimary.pdf |year=2001 |title=Census 2001: Primary tables Sooth Africae: Census 1996 an 2001 compared |work=Statistics Sooth Africae |page=19 |publisher=[[Statistics Sooth Africae]] |access-date=2010-10-15 |archive-date=2014-12-20 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6UxL3wQW4?url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/census01/html/RSAPrimary.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> It haes the widest geographical an racial distribution o aw [[Leids o Sooth Africae|offeecial leids]], an is widely spoken an unnerstood as a seicont or third leid.{{#tag:ref|It haes the widest geographical an racial distribution o aw offeecial leids; see {{harvnb|Webb|2003|p=7, 8}}, {{harvnb|Berdichevsky|2004|p=131}}. It haes bi far the lairgest geographical distribution; see {{harvnb|Alant|2004|p=45}}.<br />It is widely spoken an unnerstood as a seicont or third leid; see {{harvnb|Deumert|Vandenbussche|2003|p=16}}, {{harvnb|Kamwangamalu|2004|p=207}}, {{harvnb|Myers-Scotton|2006|p=389}}, {{harvnb|Simpson|2008|p=324}}, {{harvnb|Palmer|2001|p=141}}, {{harvnb|Webb|2002|p=74}}, {{harvnb|Herriman|Burnaby|1996|p=18}}, {{harvnb|Page|Sonnenburg|2003|p=7}}, {{harvnb|Brook Napier|2007|p=69, 71}}.<br />An estimatit 40&nbsp;percent hae at least a basic level o communication; see {{harvnb|Webb|2003|p=7}} {{harvnb|McLean|McCormick|1996|p=333}}.|group="n"}} It is the majority leid o the wastren halfhauf o Sooth Africae—the provinces o the [[Northren Cape]] an [[WestrenWastren Cape]]—an the primary leid o the [[coloured]] an [[White Sooth African|white communities]].<ref group="n">Accordin tae the [http://www.statssa.gov.za/census01/html/RSAPrimary.pdf 2001 census] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120709020230/http://www.statssa.gov.za/census01/html/RSAPrimary.pdf |date=2012-07-09 }}, 79.5% o the so-cawed [[Coloured|coloured community]] uised Afrikaans as a hame leid, 59.1% o the [[White Sooth African|white population]], 1.7% o the [[Asian Sooth African|Indian population]] an 0.7% o the black population.<br />For the geographical distribution o Afrikaans; see an aa [[Afrikaans speakin population in Sooth Africae]].</ref> In neighbourinneebourin [[Namibie]], Afrikaans is spoken in 11&nbsp;percent o hooseholdshoosehaulds, mainly concentratit in the caipital [[Windhoek]] an the soothren regions o [[Hardap Region|Hardap]] an [[Karas Region|Karas]].{{#tag:ref|Afrikaans is spoken in 11&nbsp;percent o Namibian hooseholdshoosehaulds; see {{harvnb|Namibian Population Census|2001}}. In the Hardap Region it is spoken in 44&nbsp;percent o hooseholdshoosehaulds, in the Karas Region bi 40&nbsp;percent o householdshousehaulds, in the Khomas Region bi 24&nbsp;percent o hooseholds; see [http://www.npc.gov.na/census/index.htm Census Indicators, 2001] an click through tae "Regional indicators". |group="n"}} Widely spoken as a seicont leid, it is a [[lingua franca]] o Namibie.{{#tag:ref|Some 85&nbsp;percent o Namibians can understand Afrikaans; see {{harvnb|Bromber|Smieja|2004|p=73}}. <br />There ar 152,000 native speakers o Afrikaans in Namibie; see {{harvnb|Deumert|Vandenbussche|2003|p=16}}. <br />Afrikaans is a lingua franca o Namibie; see {{harvnb|Deumert|2004|p=1}}, {{harvnb|Adegbija|1994|p=26}}, {{harvnb|Batibo|2005|p=79}}, {{harvnb|Donaldson|1993|p=xiii}}, {{harvnb|Deumert|Vandenbussche|2003|p=16}}, {{harvnb|Baker|Prys Jones|1997|p=364}}, {{harvnb|Domínguez|López|1995|p=399}}, {{harvnb|Page|Sonnenburg|2003|p=8}}, {{harvnb|CIA|2010}}.|group="n"}}
 
While the numbertot nummer o total speakers o Afrikaans is unkent, estimates range atween 1517.5 an 23 million.<ref name="speakers" group="n">What followsfollaes ar estimations. Afrikaans haes 16.3 million speakers; see {{harvnb|de Swaan|2001|p=216}}. Afrikaans haes a total o 16 million speakers; see {{harvnb|Machan|2009|p=174}}. Aboot 9 million fowk speak Afrikaans as a seicondseicont or third leid; see {{harvnb|Alant|2004|p=45}}, {{harvnb|Proost|2006|p=402}}. Afrikaans haes ower 5 million native speakers an 15 million seicont leid speakers; see {{harvnb|Réguer|2004|p=20}}. Afrikaans haes aboot 6 million native an 16 million seicont leid speakers; see {{harvnb|Domínguez|López|1995|p=340}}. In Sooth Africa, ower 23 million fowk speak Afrikaans, o whichan a third ar first-language speakers; see {{harvnb|Page|Sonnenburg|2003|p=7}}. L2 "Black Afrikaans" is spoken, wi different degrees o fluency, bi an estimatedestimatit 15 million; see {{harvnb|Stell|2008-11|p=1}}.</ref>
 
== Grammar ==
==Vouel soonds<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Lass|1984|p=93}}</ref>==
In the grammar o Afrikaans, thare's nae sindry atween the infinitive an praisent forms o verbs, wi the exception o the verbs 'to be' and 'to have':
{| class="IPA wikitable"
|-
! rowspan=2|
! colspan=2| [[Front vouel|Front]]
! rowspan=2|[[Central vouel|Central]]
! rowspan=2|[[Back vouel|Back]]
|-
!<small>plain</small>
!<small>[[labialization|lab.]]</small>
|- align=center
![[Close vouel|Close]]
| i
| yː
|
| u
|- align=center
![[Mid vouel|Mid]]
| ɛ, ɛː || œ || ə || ɔ, ɔː
|- align=center
![[Open vouel|Open]]
|
|
| ɐ || ɑː
|}
 
==Orthography==
There are many parallels to the [[Dutch orthography]] conventions and those used for Afrikaans. There are 26 letters.
 
In Afrikaans, many consonants are dropped from the earlier Dutch spelling. For example, ''slechts'' ('only') in Dutch becomes ''slegs'' in Afrikaans. Part of this is because the spelling of Afrikaans words is considerably more phonemic than that of Dutch. For example, Afrikaans and some Dutch dialects make no distinction between {{IPA|/s/}} and {{IPA|/z/}}, having merged the latter into the former; while the word for "south" is written ‹{{lang|nl|zuid}}› in Dutch, it is spelled ‹{{lang|af|suid}}› in Afrikaans to represent this merger. Similarly, the Dutch digraph‹[[IJ (digraph)|ij]]› is written as ‹y›, except where it replaces the Dutch [[affix|suffix]] ''–lijk'', as in ''{{lang|nl|waarschijnlijk}} > {{lang|af|waarskynlik}}''.
 
Another difference is the indefinite article, ''{{lang|af|'n}}'' in Afrikaans and {{lang|nl|''een''}} in Dutch. 'A book' is ''{{lang|af|'n boek}}'' in Afrikaans, whereas it is either ''{{lang|nl|een boek}}'' or ''{{lang|nl|'n boek}}'' in Dutch. This ''{{lang|af|'n}}'' is usually pronounced as just a [[weak vowel]], {{IPA|[ə]}}.
 
The [[diminutive]] suffix in Afrikaans is ‹-tjie›, whereas in Dutch it is ‹-tje›, hence a "bit" is ''bie'''tjie''''' in Afrikaans and ''bee'''tje''''' in Dutch.
 
The letters ‹c›, ‹q›, ‹x›, and ‹z› occur almost exclusively in borrowings from [[French language|French]], [[English language|English]], [[Greek language|Greek]] and [[Latin language|Latin]]. This is usually because words that had ‹c› and ‹ch› in the original Dutch are spelled with ‹k› and ‹g›, respectively, in Afrikaans. Similarly original ‹qu› and ‹x› are spelt ‹kw› and ‹ks› respectively. For example ‹{{lang|af|ekwatoriaal}}› instead of ‹equatoriaal›, and ‹{{lang|af|ekskuus}}› instead of ‹excuus›.
 
The vowels with diacritics in non-loanword Afrikaans are: ‹á, é, è, ê, ë, í, î, ï, ó, ô, ú, û, ý›. Diacritics are ignored when alphabetising, though they are still important, even when typing the diacritic forms may be difficult.
 
===Initial apostrophes===
A few short words in Afrikaans take initial apostrophes. In modern Afrikaans, these words are always written in lower case (except if the entire line is uppercase), and if they occur at the beginning of a sentence, the next word is capitalised. Three examples of such apostrophed words are ''{{lang|af|'k, 't, 'n}}''. The last (the indefinite article) is the only apostrophed word that is common in written Afrikaans, since the other examples are shortened versions of other words (''{{lang|af|ek}}'' and ''{{lang|af|het}}'' respectively).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.101languages.net/afrikaans/grammar.html |title=Retrieved 12 April 2010 |publisher=101languages.net |date=2007-08-26 |accessdate=2010-09-22}}</ref>
 
Here are a few examples:
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="background:#ffdead;"
! infinitive form
! present indicative form
! Dutch
! Scots
! German
|-
|wees || is || zijn (imperative: wees) || be || sein
! Apostrophed Version!! Usual Version !! Translation !! Notes
|-
| 'n|| Man loop daarhet || (none)hebben || A man walks therehae || haben
|-
| 'k 't Dit gesê|| Ek het dit gesê || I said it || Extremely uncommon
|-
| 't Jy dit geëet?|| Het jy dit geëet? || 'd You eat it? || Extremely uncommon
|}
An aw, verbs dinna conjugate differently depending on the subject. For ensaumple,
 
The apostrophe and the following letter are regarded as two separate characters, and are never written using a single glyph, although a single character variant of the indefinite article appears in Unicode, {{Unicode|ʼn}}.
 
===Table o characters===
For mair on the pronunciation o the belaw letters, see ''[[Wikipedia:IPA for Dutch an Afrikaans]]''.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="background:#ffdead;"
|+Afrikaans letters an pronunciation
! Afrikaans || Dutch || Scots || German
|-
|ek is || ik ben || A am || ich bin
! Grapheme !! IPA !! Examples
|-
|jy/u ais || {{IPAjij/u bent || you/ɐ/}}ye are (sing.) || ''appel''du bist ('apple'informal sing.)
|-
|hy/sy/dit aais || {{IPAhij/zij/het is || he/ɑːshe/}}it is || ''aap''er/sie/es ('ape')ist
|-
|ons aaiis || {{IPAwij zijn |/ɑːi/}}| we are || ''draai''wir ('turn')sind
|-
|julle is || jullie zijn || you/ye are (plur.) || ihr seid (informal pl.)
| ai || {{IPA|/aj/}} || ''baie'' ('mony' or 'vera')
|-
|hulle is || zij zijn || thay are || Sie (formal sing. & pl.)/sie sind
| b || {{IPA|/b/}} || ''boom'' ('tree')
|-
| c || {{IPA|/s/}}, {{IPA|/k/}} || (foond mainly in borrowed words; the umwhile pronunciation occurs afore 'e', 'i', or 'y'; featured in the plural form -ici, as in the plural o ''medikus'' (medic), ''medici'')
|-
| ch || {{IPA|/ʃ/}}, {{IPA|/x/}}, {{IPA|/k/}} || ''chirurg'' ('surgeon'; {{IPA|/ʃ/}}, typically 'sj' is used instead), ''chemie'' ('chemistry'; {{IPA|/x/}}), ''chitien'' ('chitin'; {{IPA|/k/}}). Foond ae in loanwords an proper names
|-
| d || {{IPA|/d/}}|| ''dae'' ('days')
|-
| dj || {{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}} || ''djati'' ('teak') (uised tae transcribe foreign words)
|-
| e || {{IPA|/ɛ/}}, {{IPA|/iˑe/}}, {{IPA|/ə/}} || ''se'' (indicates possessive, for example 'Jan se boom', meaning 'John's tree')
|-
| ê || {{IPA|/ɛː/}} || ''sê'' ('say' or 'says')
|-
| ë || {{IPA|/i/}} || ''oë'' ('ees')
|-
| ee || {{IPA|/eə/}} || ''weet'' ('know' or 'knows') , ''eet'' ('eat')
|-
| eeu || {{IPA|/iu/}} || ''sneeu'' ('snow')
|-
| ei || {{IPA|/ɛi/}} || ''Mei'' ('May")
|-
| eu || {{IPA|/eø/}} || ''seun'' ('son' or 'lad')
|-
| f || {{IPA|/f/}} || ''fiets'' ('bicycle')
|-
| g || {{IPA|/x/}}|| ''goed'' ('good') , ''geel'' ('yellow')
|-
| gh || {{IPA|/ɡ/}} || ''gholf'' ('golf'). Uised for {{IPA|/ɡ/}} when it is no an allophone o {{IPA|/x/}}; foond ae in borrowed words
|-
| h || {{IPA|/ɦ/}} || ''hael'' ('hail'), ''hond'' ('dog')
|-
| i || {{IPA|/i/}} || ''kind'' ('child')
|-
| ie || {{IPA|/i/}} || ''iets'' ('something')
|-
| j || {{IPA|/j/}} || ''jonk'' ('yung')
|-
| k || {{IPA|/k/}} || ''kat'' ('cat')
|-
| l || {{IPA|/l/}} || ''lag'' ('laugh')
|-
| m || {{IPA|/m/}} || ''man'' ('man')
|-
| n || {{IPA|/n/}} || ''nael'' ('nail')
|-
| ng || {{IPA|/ŋ/}} || ''sing'' ('sang')
|-
| o || {{IPA|/ɔ/}} || ''op'' ('on' or 'up')
|-
| ô || {{IPA|/ɔː/}} || ''môre'' ('tomorrow')
|-
| oe || {{IPA|/u/}} || ''boek'' ('book')
|-
| oei || {{IPA|/ui/}} || ''koeie'' ('cows')
|-
| oi || {{IPA|/oj/}} || ''mooi'' ('pretty' or 'bonnie') - Sometimes spelled 'oy' in loanwords and surnames
|-
| oo || {{IPA|/oə/}} || ''oor'' ('ear')
|-
| ooi || {{IPA|/ɔːi/}} || ''nooi'' (sayin for little girl)
|-
| ou || {{IPA|/ɵu/}} || ''oupa'' ('grand(pa/father) , ''koud'' ('cold')
|-
| p || {{IPA|/p/}} || ''pot'' ('pot') , ''pers'' ('purple')
|-
| q || {{IPA|/k/}} || (found only in foreign words with original spelling maintained; typically ‹k› is used instead)
|-
| r || {{IPA|/r/}} || ''rooi'' ('red')
|-
| s || {{IPA|/s/}} || ''ses'' ('sax') , ''stem'' ('voice')
|-
| sj || {{IPA|/ʃ/}} || ''sjaal'' ('shawl')
|-
| t || {{IPA|/t/}} || ''tafel'' ('table')
|-
| tj || {{IPA|/tʃ/}}, {{IPA|/k/}} || ''tjank'' ('whine like a dog' or 'tae cry incessantly'). (The umwhile pronunciation occurs at the beginnin o a word an the latter in [[Diminutive#Afrikaans|‹-tjie›]])
|-
| u || {{IPA|/œ/}} || ''kus'' ('coast')
|-
| û || {{IPA|/œː/}} || ''brûe'' ('bridges')
|-
| ui || {{IPA|/œj/}} || ''uit'' ('oot')
|-
| uu || {{IPA|/y/}} || ''uur'' ('hour')
|-
| v || {{IPA|/f/}} || ''vis'' ('fish'), ''vir'' ('for')
|-
| w || {{IPA|/v/}} || ''water'' ('water')
|-
| x || {{IPA|/ks/}} || ''xifoïed'' ('xiphoid')
|-
| y || {{IPA|/ɛi/}} || ''byt'' ('bite')
|-
| z || {{IPA|/z/}} || ''Zoeloe'' ('Zulu'). Foond ae in onomatopoeia an loanwords
|}
 
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
<references group="n"/>
{{Commonscat|Afrikaans}}
 
{{Germanic leids}}
{{Authority control}}
 
[[Category:Dutch-basedAnalytic pidgins an creolesleids]]
[[Category:Afrikaans| ]]
[[Category:Leids o Botswana]]
[[Category:Leids o Namibie]]
[[Category:Leids o Sooth Africae]]
[[Category:Leids o Eswatini]]
[[Category:Law Franconian leids]]
[[Category:Subject–object–verb leids]]
[[Category:Verb-seicont leids]]
 
{{Stub/Africae}}
[[af:Afrikaans]]
{{Stub/Leid}}
[[an:Afrikaans]]
[[ang:Affricanisc sprǣc]]
[[ar:لغة أفريقانية]]
[[arc:ܠܫܢܐ ܐܦܪܝܩܐܢܝܐ]]
[[arz:لغه افريكانس]]
[[ast:Afrikaans]]
[[bar:Afrikaans]]
[[bat-smg:Afrėkanu kalba]]
[[be:Афрыкаанс]]
[[bg:Африканс]]
[[bn:আফ্রিকান্স ভাষা]]
[[br:Afrikaneg]]
[[ca:Afrikaans]]
[[cs:Afrikánština]]
[[cy:Afrikaans]]
[[da:Afrikaans]]
[[de:Afrikaans]]
[[el:Αφρικάανς γλώσσα]]
[[eml:Afrikaans]]
[[en:Afrikaans]]
[[eo:Afrikansa lingvo]]
[[es:Afrikáans]]
[[et:Afrikaani keel]]
[[eu:Afrikaans]]
[[fa:زبان آفریکانس]]
[[fi:Afrikaans]]
[[fo:Afrikaans mál]]
[[fr:Afrikaans]]
[[fy:Afrikaansk]]
[[ga:An Afracáinis]]
[[gd:Afrikaans]]
[[gl:Lingua africáner]]
[[he:אפריקאנס]]
[[hr:Afrikaans]]
[[hu:Afrikaans nyelv]]
[[hy:Աֆրիկանս]]
[[id:Bahasa Afrikaans]]
[[is:Afríkanska]]
[[it:Lingua afrikaans]]
[[ja:アフリカーンス語]]
[[ka:აფრიკაანსი]]
[[ko:아프리칸스어]]
[[krc:Африкаанс тил]]
[[kw:Afrikaans]]
[[la:Lingua Africana]]
[[lad:Lingua afrikaans]]
[[li:Afrikaans]]
[[lij:Lèngoa afrikaans]]
[[lt:Afrikanų kalba]]
[[lv:Afrikandu valoda]]
[[mk:Африкаанс]]
[[mr:आफ्रिकान्स भाषा]]
[[ms:Bahasa Afrikaans]]
[[nah:Afrikaantlahtōlli]]
[[nds:Afrikaans]]
[[nds-nl:Afrikaans]]
[[nl:Afrikaans]]
[[nn:Afrikaans]]
[[no:Afrikaans]]
[[nov:Afrikansum]]
[[pap:Afrikaans]]
[[pl:Język afrikaans]]
[[pnb:افریقان]]
[[pt:Língua africâner]]
[[qu:Afrikans simi]]
[[ro:Limba afrikaans]]
[[ru:Африкаанс]]
[[scn:Afrikaans]]
[[se:Afrikánsagiella]]
[[sh:Afrikaans]]
[[simple:Afrikaans]]
[[sk:Afrikánčina]]
[[sl:Afrikanščina]]
[[sq:Gjuha afrikane]]
[[sr:Африканс]]
[[stq:Afrikoansk]]
[[sv:Afrikaans]]
[[sw:Kiafrikaans]]
[[szl:Godka afrikaans]]
[[ta:ஆபிரிக்கான மொழி]]
[[th:ภาษาแอฟริคานส์]]
[[tr:Afrikaanca]]
[[ug:ئاڧرىقانچە]]
[[uk:Африкаанс]]
[[vec:Afrikaans]]
[[vi:Afrikaans]]
[[xh:IsiBhulu]]
[[yo:Èdè Áfríkáánì]]
[[zh:南非語]]
[[zu:IsiBhunu]]