A faculty member of the faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University. A highly ranked Professor of Public health in Egypt. Attended many international conferences. Involved in medical research in the faculty of medicine. Phone: +201002699183
Background Sentinel surveillance for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Egypt began in ... more Background Sentinel surveillance for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Egypt began in 2006 and occurs at eight sites. Avian influenza is endemic, and human cases of influenza A (H5N1) have been reported annually since 2006. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of SARI at a major sentinel site in the country. Methods Data included in the study were collected from a major SARI sentinel site in Egypt during three consecutive years (2013–15). Results A total of 1254 SARI patients conforming to the WHO case definition were admitted to the sentinel site, representing 5.6% of admitted patients for all causes and 36.6% of acute respiratory infection patients. A total of 99.7% of the patients were tested, and 21.04% tested positive; 48.7% of cases involved influenza A viruses, while 25% involved influenza B. The predominant age group was under 5 years of age, accounting for 443 cases. The seasonality of the influenza data conformed to the Northern Hemisphere pattern. Conc...
To measure the prevalence of amblyopia and amblyogenic factors among primary school children and ... more To measure the prevalence of amblyopia and amblyogenic factors among primary school children and to evaluate distance visual acuity (VA) as a screening test to detect amblyopia and define its cutoff value. A cross-sectional study was conducted on primary school children in two schools in Central Cairo. Children underwent assessment of visual acuity using Landolt broken ring. Comprehensive ophthalmologic examination was performed for amblyopia suspects at the Ophthalmology Department of Ain Shams University Hospitals, including reassessment of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using the same chart. A total of 352 children were examined. Reduced screening VA (amblyopia suspect) was detected in 47 subjects (13.35%) proved amblyopia after comprehensive examination was 1.98% (7 cases). Refractive errors (REs) were present in all suspected and proved amblyopia cases (100%) but was only present in 11.6% of nonamblyopic students ( < 0.05). The prevalence of hyperopia in the whole sampl...
In line with WHO recommendations on elimination of schistosomiasis, accurate identification of al... more In line with WHO recommendations on elimination of schistosomiasis, accurate identification of all areas of residual transmission is a key step to design and implement measures aimed at interrupting transmission in low-endemic settings. To this purpose, we assessed the prevalence of active S. mansoni infection in five pilot governorates in the Nile Delta of Egypt by examining schoolchildren (6-15 years) using the Urine-Circulating Cathodic Antigen (Urine-CCA) cassette test; we also carried out the standard Kato-Katz (KK) thick smear, the monitoring and evaluation tool employed by Egypt's national schistosomiasis control programme. Prevalence rates determined by the Urine-CCA test for all governorates were higher than those determined by KK (p<0.01). Of 35 districts surveyed in the five governorates, S. mansoni infection was detected in 19 districts (54.3%) using KK, and in 31 districts (88.6%) by Urine-CCA (χ2=9.94; P=0.0016). S. mansoni infections were detected by Urine-CCA,...
Injury is the leading cause of death and long term disability and a significant contributor to he... more Injury is the leading cause of death and long term disability and a significant contributor to healthcare costs among children worldwide especially those aged 15-19 years. To determine the prevalence of injuries among secondary school students in Cairo, Egypt and to explore the associated risk factors for sustaining injury. A Cross-sectional study was conducted on secondary school students in eastern and western part of Cairo; self-administered questionnaire was used for assessing injuries sustained in previous 12 months and the associated risk factors for injury. The overall prevalence of injuries was 68.5%. Unintentional injuries were the most common injuries falls (50%) and burns (38.6%). Significant factors associated with sustaining injury were truancy, smoking, alcohol use, quarreling behavior, carrying weapon, threatened by weapon and verbal bullying. This study showed a high prevalence of injuries among high school students in Egypt which necessitates raising public awareness about the magnitude and burden of injuries among adolescents.
ABSTRACT Background: Domestic violence (DV) against women has been acknowledged worldwide as a vi... more ABSTRACT Background: Domestic violence (DV) against women has been acknowledged worldwide as a violation of basic human rights. It is violence that takes place at home or within the family. Violence against women and the threat of violence are main barriers of women&#39;s empowerment and equal participation in society. However, they often go unnoticed and undocumented and therefore unresolved. Aim of work: To measure prevalence of domestic violence among a sample of women attending PHC units in Cairo and to determine associated risk factors. Subjects and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during the year 2012 to include 187 married women attending Rod-Elfarag and El-Darrasa primary health care units. An interview questionnaire was used. It included questions about socio-demographic data, the exposure to different forms of domestic violence, causes of violence and outcome of violence. Results: Eighty seven percent of the study subjects have children, 93% were living in urban areas and 40% of study subjects have secondary educational level. The study results revealed that 75.9% of the studied females are exposed to different forms of violence. 69.5% were exposed to shouting (one form of controlling violence) and 34.8% were exposed to beating (one form of physical violence). Exposure of women to Physical violence led to variety of outcomes ranging from cut wounds in 26% up to hospital admission in 1% of those exposed to physical violence. Older age, women with children and addict husbands were significant risk factors associated with different forms of violence. Conclusion: Still the problem of domestic violence is a silent epidemic and a neglected public health problem in Egypt. This complex problem needs more careful studies especially qualitative studies to explore the deep rooted causes that can elaborate the effective measures to prevent this public health problem.
ABSTRACT Background: Domestic violence (DV) against women has been acknowledged worldwide as a vi... more ABSTRACT Background: Domestic violence (DV) against women has been acknowledged worldwide as a violation of basic human rights. It is violence that takes place at home or within the family. Violence against women and the threat of violence are main barriers of women&#39;s empowerment and equal participation in society. However, they often go unnoticed and undocumented and therefore unresolved. Aim of work: To measure prevalence of domestic violence among a sample of women attending PHC units in Cairo and to determine associated risk factors. Subjects and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during the year 2012 to include 187 married women attending Rod-Elfarag and El-Darrasa primary health care units. An interview questionnaire was used. It included questions about socio-demographic data, the exposure to different forms of domestic violence, causes of violence and outcome of violence. Results: Eighty seven percent of the study subjects have children, 93% were living in urban areas and 40% of study subjects have secondary educational level. The study results revealed that 75.9% of the studied females are exposed to different forms of violence. 69.5% were exposed to shouting (one form of controlling violence) and 34.8% were exposed to beating (one form of physical violence). Exposure of women to Physical violence led to variety of outcomes ranging from cut wounds in 26% up to hospital admission in 1% of those exposed to physical violence. Older age, women with children and addict husbands were significant risk factors associated with different forms of violence. Conclusion: Still the problem of domestic violence is a silent epidemic and a neglected public health problem in Egypt. This complex problem needs more careful studies especially qualitative studies to explore the deep rooted causes that can elaborate the effective measures to prevent this public health problem.
Central European journal of public health, Jun 1, 2015
An epidemiological cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the association between cutane... more An epidemiological cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the association between cutaneous melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 40 European countries. Incidence rates were obtained from the database of the International Agency for Research of Cancer (IARC). We analyzed age-adjusted and gender-stratified incidence rates for cutaneous melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 40 European countries. All European countries included had registration systems that fulfilled the quality criteria of IARC. Normal distribution of the variables was examined using Kolmorov-Smirnov test before calculating their correlations using Pearson's Correlation test. In males, positive correlations were found between cutaneous melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma (r=0.14, p=0.38), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (r=0.64, p<0.001). In females, negative correlation was found between cutaneous melanoma and…
Recently, a new test (Cuetos-Vega) was developed to detect patients with early symptoms of Alzhei... more Recently, a new test (Cuetos-Vega) was developed to detect patients with early symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This test is rapid, simple and could diagnose patients at early phases of cognitive disorders. The aim of our follow-up study is to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of this test in primary health care (PHC) facilities. We obtained from our database of La Rambla (village with +/- 8,000 habitants at South Cordoba Health District) the list of asymptomatic independent patients between 66 and 75 years old. A pilot study was conducted with 20 users of La Rambla PHC Centre. This test was modified and adapted for application to our study population. All participants were selected randomly and assigned a date by telephone for the nursing outpatient clinic where the nurse proceeded to administer the screening test. All participants were invited to repeat the same test, together with Pfeiffer test (a short mental status questionnaire), 32 months af...
Lymphatic filariaisis is a major health problem in tropical and subtropical regions with at least... more Lymphatic filariaisis is a major health problem in tropical and subtropical regions with at least 120 million people are infected with the parasite in 80 countries and over 40 million people have overt clinical disease. Bancroftian filariasis has been endemic in Egypt for centuries with all the clinical manifestations. An estimated 250.000 people infected and 3.5 million people at risk in 9 governorates in the Delta region. Improved therapies and diagnostic methods have led to a new thinking about lymphatic filariasis. It should be possible to interrupt transmission and eliminate the major public health problem by repeated annual cycles of mass treatment with new single dose combination drug regimens. This study aimed at testing the hypothesis that Bancroftian filariasis can be eliminated from an Egyptian village namely Azizia village by four annual cycles of mass treatment with Albendazole and DEC. The study design was a Repeated Survey which consisted of 3 cross sectional studies ...
Background Sentinel surveillance for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Egypt began in ... more Background Sentinel surveillance for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Egypt began in 2006 and occurs at eight sites. Avian influenza is endemic, and human cases of influenza A (H5N1) have been reported annually since 2006. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of SARI at a major sentinel site in the country. Methods Data included in the study were collected from a major SARI sentinel site in Egypt during three consecutive years (2013–15). Results A total of 1254 SARI patients conforming to the WHO case definition were admitted to the sentinel site, representing 5.6% of admitted patients for all causes and 36.6% of acute respiratory infection patients. A total of 99.7% of the patients were tested, and 21.04% tested positive; 48.7% of cases involved influenza A viruses, while 25% involved influenza B. The predominant age group was under 5 years of age, accounting for 443 cases. The seasonality of the influenza data conformed to the Northern Hemisphere pattern. Conc...
To measure the prevalence of amblyopia and amblyogenic factors among primary school children and ... more To measure the prevalence of amblyopia and amblyogenic factors among primary school children and to evaluate distance visual acuity (VA) as a screening test to detect amblyopia and define its cutoff value. A cross-sectional study was conducted on primary school children in two schools in Central Cairo. Children underwent assessment of visual acuity using Landolt broken ring. Comprehensive ophthalmologic examination was performed for amblyopia suspects at the Ophthalmology Department of Ain Shams University Hospitals, including reassessment of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using the same chart. A total of 352 children were examined. Reduced screening VA (amblyopia suspect) was detected in 47 subjects (13.35%) proved amblyopia after comprehensive examination was 1.98% (7 cases). Refractive errors (REs) were present in all suspected and proved amblyopia cases (100%) but was only present in 11.6% of nonamblyopic students ( < 0.05). The prevalence of hyperopia in the whole sampl...
In line with WHO recommendations on elimination of schistosomiasis, accurate identification of al... more In line with WHO recommendations on elimination of schistosomiasis, accurate identification of all areas of residual transmission is a key step to design and implement measures aimed at interrupting transmission in low-endemic settings. To this purpose, we assessed the prevalence of active S. mansoni infection in five pilot governorates in the Nile Delta of Egypt by examining schoolchildren (6-15 years) using the Urine-Circulating Cathodic Antigen (Urine-CCA) cassette test; we also carried out the standard Kato-Katz (KK) thick smear, the monitoring and evaluation tool employed by Egypt's national schistosomiasis control programme. Prevalence rates determined by the Urine-CCA test for all governorates were higher than those determined by KK (p<0.01). Of 35 districts surveyed in the five governorates, S. mansoni infection was detected in 19 districts (54.3%) using KK, and in 31 districts (88.6%) by Urine-CCA (χ2=9.94; P=0.0016). S. mansoni infections were detected by Urine-CCA,...
Injury is the leading cause of death and long term disability and a significant contributor to he... more Injury is the leading cause of death and long term disability and a significant contributor to healthcare costs among children worldwide especially those aged 15-19 years. To determine the prevalence of injuries among secondary school students in Cairo, Egypt and to explore the associated risk factors for sustaining injury. A Cross-sectional study was conducted on secondary school students in eastern and western part of Cairo; self-administered questionnaire was used for assessing injuries sustained in previous 12 months and the associated risk factors for injury. The overall prevalence of injuries was 68.5%. Unintentional injuries were the most common injuries falls (50%) and burns (38.6%). Significant factors associated with sustaining injury were truancy, smoking, alcohol use, quarreling behavior, carrying weapon, threatened by weapon and verbal bullying. This study showed a high prevalence of injuries among high school students in Egypt which necessitates raising public awareness about the magnitude and burden of injuries among adolescents.
ABSTRACT Background: Domestic violence (DV) against women has been acknowledged worldwide as a vi... more ABSTRACT Background: Domestic violence (DV) against women has been acknowledged worldwide as a violation of basic human rights. It is violence that takes place at home or within the family. Violence against women and the threat of violence are main barriers of women&#39;s empowerment and equal participation in society. However, they often go unnoticed and undocumented and therefore unresolved. Aim of work: To measure prevalence of domestic violence among a sample of women attending PHC units in Cairo and to determine associated risk factors. Subjects and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during the year 2012 to include 187 married women attending Rod-Elfarag and El-Darrasa primary health care units. An interview questionnaire was used. It included questions about socio-demographic data, the exposure to different forms of domestic violence, causes of violence and outcome of violence. Results: Eighty seven percent of the study subjects have children, 93% were living in urban areas and 40% of study subjects have secondary educational level. The study results revealed that 75.9% of the studied females are exposed to different forms of violence. 69.5% were exposed to shouting (one form of controlling violence) and 34.8% were exposed to beating (one form of physical violence). Exposure of women to Physical violence led to variety of outcomes ranging from cut wounds in 26% up to hospital admission in 1% of those exposed to physical violence. Older age, women with children and addict husbands were significant risk factors associated with different forms of violence. Conclusion: Still the problem of domestic violence is a silent epidemic and a neglected public health problem in Egypt. This complex problem needs more careful studies especially qualitative studies to explore the deep rooted causes that can elaborate the effective measures to prevent this public health problem.
ABSTRACT Background: Domestic violence (DV) against women has been acknowledged worldwide as a vi... more ABSTRACT Background: Domestic violence (DV) against women has been acknowledged worldwide as a violation of basic human rights. It is violence that takes place at home or within the family. Violence against women and the threat of violence are main barriers of women&#39;s empowerment and equal participation in society. However, they often go unnoticed and undocumented and therefore unresolved. Aim of work: To measure prevalence of domestic violence among a sample of women attending PHC units in Cairo and to determine associated risk factors. Subjects and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during the year 2012 to include 187 married women attending Rod-Elfarag and El-Darrasa primary health care units. An interview questionnaire was used. It included questions about socio-demographic data, the exposure to different forms of domestic violence, causes of violence and outcome of violence. Results: Eighty seven percent of the study subjects have children, 93% were living in urban areas and 40% of study subjects have secondary educational level. The study results revealed that 75.9% of the studied females are exposed to different forms of violence. 69.5% were exposed to shouting (one form of controlling violence) and 34.8% were exposed to beating (one form of physical violence). Exposure of women to Physical violence led to variety of outcomes ranging from cut wounds in 26% up to hospital admission in 1% of those exposed to physical violence. Older age, women with children and addict husbands were significant risk factors associated with different forms of violence. Conclusion: Still the problem of domestic violence is a silent epidemic and a neglected public health problem in Egypt. This complex problem needs more careful studies especially qualitative studies to explore the deep rooted causes that can elaborate the effective measures to prevent this public health problem.
Central European journal of public health, Jun 1, 2015
An epidemiological cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the association between cutane... more An epidemiological cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the association between cutaneous melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 40 European countries. Incidence rates were obtained from the database of the International Agency for Research of Cancer (IARC). We analyzed age-adjusted and gender-stratified incidence rates for cutaneous melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 40 European countries. All European countries included had registration systems that fulfilled the quality criteria of IARC. Normal distribution of the variables was examined using Kolmorov-Smirnov test before calculating their correlations using Pearson's Correlation test. In males, positive correlations were found between cutaneous melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma (r=0.14, p=0.38), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (r=0.64, p<0.001). In females, negative correlation was found between cutaneous melanoma and…
Recently, a new test (Cuetos-Vega) was developed to detect patients with early symptoms of Alzhei... more Recently, a new test (Cuetos-Vega) was developed to detect patients with early symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This test is rapid, simple and could diagnose patients at early phases of cognitive disorders. The aim of our follow-up study is to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of this test in primary health care (PHC) facilities. We obtained from our database of La Rambla (village with +/- 8,000 habitants at South Cordoba Health District) the list of asymptomatic independent patients between 66 and 75 years old. A pilot study was conducted with 20 users of La Rambla PHC Centre. This test was modified and adapted for application to our study population. All participants were selected randomly and assigned a date by telephone for the nursing outpatient clinic where the nurse proceeded to administer the screening test. All participants were invited to repeat the same test, together with Pfeiffer test (a short mental status questionnaire), 32 months af...
Lymphatic filariaisis is a major health problem in tropical and subtropical regions with at least... more Lymphatic filariaisis is a major health problem in tropical and subtropical regions with at least 120 million people are infected with the parasite in 80 countries and over 40 million people have overt clinical disease. Bancroftian filariasis has been endemic in Egypt for centuries with all the clinical manifestations. An estimated 250.000 people infected and 3.5 million people at risk in 9 governorates in the Delta region. Improved therapies and diagnostic methods have led to a new thinking about lymphatic filariasis. It should be possible to interrupt transmission and eliminate the major public health problem by repeated annual cycles of mass treatment with new single dose combination drug regimens. This study aimed at testing the hypothesis that Bancroftian filariasis can be eliminated from an Egyptian village namely Azizia village by four annual cycles of mass treatment with Albendazole and DEC. The study design was a Repeated Survey which consisted of 3 cross sectional studies ...
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