This case study features an observation of an obese female (body mass index ≥ 30 kgm-2) who unde... more This case study features an observation of an obese female (body mass index ≥ 30 kgm-2) who undertook a 10-day water and electrolyte fast with the aim of reducing body fat and improving physiological markers of health. A comprehensive range of physiological measures (body mass, girths, blood pressure, body fluid balance, urine osmolarity, and resting oxygen consumption), mood indicators, metabolic markers (blood ketones, blood glucose, breath ketones, urine ketones), and measurement of intake and expenditure (fluid intake, food intake, nutritional macros, steps taken, and estimated movement caloric expenditure) were measured before, during and after the fasting period to determine the effectiveness of undertaking extended therapeutic fasting for improving markers of health and weight loss. Body mass on the first day of the fast was 95.1 kg and on the tenth and final day of the fast it was 88.1 kg representing a loss of 7 kg at a rate of 0.7 kg·day1. Mean body mass in the 15 days af...
This 'Active at Home' booklet has been produced to provide practical guidance to older ad... more This 'Active at Home' booklet has been produced to provide practical guidance to older adults on home-based activities to maintain their strength and balance. It follows concerns that low levels of physical activity in older adults will lead to reduced fitness resulting in loss of independence and need for care in the future. Developed by Public Health England, Sheffield Hallam University (SHU), the National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM) and Sport England
PROFESSIONAL BOXING IS A POPULAR PAN-GLOBAL SPORT THAT ATTRACTS CONSIDERABLE INTEREST AND REVENUE... more PROFESSIONAL BOXING IS A POPULAR PAN-GLOBAL SPORT THAT ATTRACTS CONSIDERABLE INTEREST AND REVENUE. IT IS A HIGH-INTENSITY SPORT THAT REQUIRES A RANGE OF WELL-ADAPTED PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AS LIKELY PREREQUISITES FOR SUCCESSFUL PERFORMANCE. SERIOUS CONSIDERATION HAS BEEN GIVEN TO MEDICAL ASPECTS AND POTENTIAL HEALTH RISKS FROM PARTAKING IN TRAINING AND COMPETITION. HOWEVER, THERE ARE NO COMPREHENSIVE SOURCES OF APPLIED SPORT SCIENCE RESEARCH IN THE PREPARATION OF PROFESSIONAL BOXERS FOR COMPETITION. IN THIS REVIEW, WE PRESENT RESEARCH FROM PHYSIOLOGY AND STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING TO FORM A KNOWLEDGE BASE FOR THOSE INVOLVED IN PREPARING PROFESSIONAL BOXERS FOR COMPETITION.
Combat sports have been practiced for millennia and today are predominant sports at the Olympic g... more Combat sports have been practiced for millennia and today are predominant sports at the Olympic games, with international organizations that host world, continental and national championships at amateur standard. There are also an increasing number of professional combat sports with global audiences. The growing popularity of professional combat sports and their importance at the Olympic games have led to an increase in scientific studies that characterize the physical, physiological, nutritional, biomechanical and training strategies of combat sports athletes. These studies characterize combat sports as high-intensity sports which require training strategies to develop the high-intensity capabilities of athletes. Therefore, the aim of this article is to (i) summarize the physiological demands of combat sports; (ii) present the primary considerations required to program high-intensity conditioning for athletes; (iii) define and present key high-intensity conditioning methods; and (i...
Optimal physical performance is achieved through the careful manipulation of training and recover... more Optimal physical performance is achieved through the careful manipulation of training and recovery. Short-term increases in training demand can induce functional overreaching (FOR) that can lead to improved physical capabilities, whereas nonfunctional overreaching (NFOR) or the overtraining syndrome (OTS) occur when high training-demand is applied for extensive periods with limited recovery. To date, little is known about the OTS in strength sports, particularly from the perspective of the strength sport coach. Fourteen high-performance strength sport coaches from a range of strength sports (weightlifting; n = 5, powerlifting; n = 4, sprinting; n = 2, throws; n = 2, jumps; n = 1) participated in semistructured interviews (mean duration 57; SD = 10 min) to discuss their experiences of the OTS. Reflexive thematic analysis resulted in the identification of four higher order themes: definitions, symptoms, recovery and experiences and observations. Additional subthemes were created to fa...
This case study features an observation of an obese female (body mass index ≥ 30 kgm-2) who unde... more This case study features an observation of an obese female (body mass index ≥ 30 kgm-2) who undertook a 10-day water and electrolyte fast with the aim of reducing body fat and improving physiological markers of health. A comprehensive range of physiological measures (body mass, girths, blood pressure, body fluid balance, urine osmolarity, and resting oxygen consumption), mood indicators, metabolic markers (blood ketones, blood glucose, breath ketones, urine ketones), and measurement of intake and expenditure (fluid intake, food intake, nutritional macros, steps taken, and estimated movement caloric expenditure) were measured before, during and after the fasting period to determine the effectiveness of undertaking extended therapeutic fasting for improving markers of health and weight loss. Body mass on the first day of the fast was 95.1 kg and on the tenth and final day of the fast it was 88.1 kg representing a loss of 7 kg at a rate of 0.7 kg·day1. Mean body mass in the 15 days af...
This 'Active at Home' booklet has been produced to provide practical guidance to older ad... more This 'Active at Home' booklet has been produced to provide practical guidance to older adults on home-based activities to maintain their strength and balance. It follows concerns that low levels of physical activity in older adults will lead to reduced fitness resulting in loss of independence and need for care in the future. Developed by Public Health England, Sheffield Hallam University (SHU), the National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM) and Sport England
PROFESSIONAL BOXING IS A POPULAR PAN-GLOBAL SPORT THAT ATTRACTS CONSIDERABLE INTEREST AND REVENUE... more PROFESSIONAL BOXING IS A POPULAR PAN-GLOBAL SPORT THAT ATTRACTS CONSIDERABLE INTEREST AND REVENUE. IT IS A HIGH-INTENSITY SPORT THAT REQUIRES A RANGE OF WELL-ADAPTED PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AS LIKELY PREREQUISITES FOR SUCCESSFUL PERFORMANCE. SERIOUS CONSIDERATION HAS BEEN GIVEN TO MEDICAL ASPECTS AND POTENTIAL HEALTH RISKS FROM PARTAKING IN TRAINING AND COMPETITION. HOWEVER, THERE ARE NO COMPREHENSIVE SOURCES OF APPLIED SPORT SCIENCE RESEARCH IN THE PREPARATION OF PROFESSIONAL BOXERS FOR COMPETITION. IN THIS REVIEW, WE PRESENT RESEARCH FROM PHYSIOLOGY AND STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING TO FORM A KNOWLEDGE BASE FOR THOSE INVOLVED IN PREPARING PROFESSIONAL BOXERS FOR COMPETITION.
Combat sports have been practiced for millennia and today are predominant sports at the Olympic g... more Combat sports have been practiced for millennia and today are predominant sports at the Olympic games, with international organizations that host world, continental and national championships at amateur standard. There are also an increasing number of professional combat sports with global audiences. The growing popularity of professional combat sports and their importance at the Olympic games have led to an increase in scientific studies that characterize the physical, physiological, nutritional, biomechanical and training strategies of combat sports athletes. These studies characterize combat sports as high-intensity sports which require training strategies to develop the high-intensity capabilities of athletes. Therefore, the aim of this article is to (i) summarize the physiological demands of combat sports; (ii) present the primary considerations required to program high-intensity conditioning for athletes; (iii) define and present key high-intensity conditioning methods; and (i...
Optimal physical performance is achieved through the careful manipulation of training and recover... more Optimal physical performance is achieved through the careful manipulation of training and recovery. Short-term increases in training demand can induce functional overreaching (FOR) that can lead to improved physical capabilities, whereas nonfunctional overreaching (NFOR) or the overtraining syndrome (OTS) occur when high training-demand is applied for extensive periods with limited recovery. To date, little is known about the OTS in strength sports, particularly from the perspective of the strength sport coach. Fourteen high-performance strength sport coaches from a range of strength sports (weightlifting; n = 5, powerlifting; n = 4, sprinting; n = 2, throws; n = 2, jumps; n = 1) participated in semistructured interviews (mean duration 57; SD = 10 min) to discuss their experiences of the OTS. Reflexive thematic analysis resulted in the identification of four higher order themes: definitions, symptoms, recovery and experiences and observations. Additional subthemes were created to fa...
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