Bicosoecophyceae

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: Tsar
Cladus: Sar
Infraregnum: Heterokonta
Phylum: Bigyra
Subphylum: Bicosoecophytina
Subclasses: Bicosoecophycidae – Placididia – Rictophycidae

Name

Bicosoecophyceae Margulis in R.C. King, Handb. Genetics 1: 15 (1974) (“Bicoecidea”), pro zool. cl.

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Cyathobodonophyceae Caval.-Sm., J. Euk. Microbiol. 40: 613 (1993) (“Cyathobodonea”), pro zool. cl.
  • Pseudodendrophyceae Doweld, Prosyllabus Tracheoph. lxxi (2001) (“Pseudodendratea”), pro zool. cl.
  • Wobblata Caval.-Sm. [in Cavalier-Smith & Scoble] Eur. J. Protistol. 49: 343 (2013), pro supercl.

Similar groups

• Bikoecida Stein, 1878
• Bikoecidae Saville-Kent, 1880
• Bikoecina Bütschli, 1884
• Bicosoecaceae Haeckel, 1894: 227 [?]; Stein, 1878 emend.
• Bicoecinae Grassé, 1926
• Bicoecidea Grassé & Deflandre in Grassé, 1952
• Bicosoecida Honigberg et al., 1964, Zhukov, 1978, Karpov, 1998, 2000
• Bicosoecales Bourrelly, 1968, 1981, Preisig, 1995, Moestrup, 1995
• Bicoecales Kristiansen, 1972
• Bicosoecophyceae Casper, 1974, Loeblich III & Loeblich 1979
• Bicosoecidea Corliss, 1984
• Bicosoecea Cavalier-Smith, 1986
• Bicoecia Cavalier-Smith, 1989
• Bicoecida Bütschli, 1884 emend. Dyer, 1990
• Bicosoecia Cavalier-Smith, 1993
• Bicocoecida van den Hoek et al., 1995
• Bicosidae Cavalier-Smith, 2006
• Bicosidia Cavalier-Smith, 2006 orth. em. 2013
• Bikosea Cavalier-Smith, 2013
• Bikosia Cavalier-Smith, 2013

References

Primary references

• Margulis, L. 1974. The classification and evolution of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In: KING R. C. (ed.), Handbook of Genetics. New York-London: Plenum Press, 1: 1-41. Reference page. 
• Cavalier-Smith, T. 1993. The Protozoan phylum Opalozoa. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 40(5): 609–615. DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1993.tb06117.x Reference page. 
• Cavalier-Smith, T. & Scoble, J.M. 2013. Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. European Journal of Protistology 49: 328–353. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002 Researchgate. Reference page. 
• Doweld, A.B. 2001. Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum. Tentamen systematis plantarum vascularium (Tracheophyta) [Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum. Опыт системы сосудистых растений]. LXXX + 110 pp. Moscow: Geos. ISBN 5-89118-283-1. Фундаментальная электронная библиотека «Флора и фауна» DJVU Google Books Reference page. 

Additional references

• Cavalier-Smith, T. & Chao, E.E.-Y. 2006. Phylogeny and megasystematics of phagotrophic heterokonts (Kingdom Chromista). Journal of Molecular Evolution 62(4): 388–420. DOI: 10.1007/s00239-004-0353-8 Reference page. 

Classifications

Stein (1878)

Stein, F. von (1878). Der Organismus der Infusionsthiere, Abt. 3 (1), p. X. Engelmann, Leipzig, [1], [2].

• Infusionthiere
  • Flagellaten oder Geisselinfusorien
    • Bikoecida

Grassé (1926)

Grassé, P.-P. Contribution à l'étude des flagellés parasites. Archives de zoologie expérimentale et générale, t. 65, 1926, pp. 345-602 [576], disponible at Gallica.

Sous-classe Protomastigines

• Ordre Bicoecinae

Grassé & Deflandre in Grassé (1952)

Grassé, P.-P. & Deflandre, G . (1952). Ordre des Bicoecidea. In: Grassé, P.-P. (Ed.). Traité de Zoologie. Vol. 1, fasc. 1. Phylogénie. Protozoaries: Generalités, Flagellés. Masson et Cie, Paris. 599-601, [3].

Règne animal

• Phylum Protozoa
  • Subphylum Rhizoflagellata
    • Superclass Flagellata
      • Classis Zooflagellata (= Zoomastigina)
        • Superordo Protomonadina (emend.)
          • Ordo Bicoecidea
            • Bicoeca, Codomonas, Poteriodendron, Stephanocodon

John O. Corliss (1984)

From The kingdom Protista and its 45 phyla

In Kingdom Protista, Assemblage "Chromobionts" incertae sedis
Group Bicosoecidea Grassé and Deflandre in Grassé, 1952

Dyer in Margulis et al. (1990)

Dyer, B.D., 1990. 14b. Phylum Zoomastigina, Class Bicoecids. In: Margulis, L., J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, D.J. Chapman (ed.). Handbook of Protoctista. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Boston, p. 191-193. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), [4].

Kingdom Protoctista

• Section III: Phyla with flagellated stages, but without complex sexual cycles
  • Phylum 14. Zoomastigina
    • Class Bicoecida

Cavalier-Smith (1993)

From Kingdom Protozoa and its 18 phyla

In Phylum Heterokonta
Subphylum Bicoecia Cavalier-Smith, 1989
Class Bicoecea orthogr. emend. pro Bicosoecea Cavalier-Smith, 1986

Cavalier-Smith (1993)

Cavalier-Smith, T. (1993). The origin, losses and gains of chloroplasts. In: Origins of plastids (pp. 291-348). Springer US, [5].

Phylum (division) 1. heterokonta

• Subphylum 1. Bicosoecia
  • Class Bicosoecea

Preisig / Moestrup (1995)

Preisig, H. R. (1995). A modern concept of chrysophyte classification. In Chrysophyte Algae, ed. C. D. Sandgren, J. R. Smol, and J. Kristiansen, pp. 49–50, [6]

Moestrup, Ø. (1995) Current status of chrysophyte 'splinter groups': synurophytes, pedinellids, silicoflagellates. In Chrysophyte Algae, ed. C. D. Sandgren, J. R. Smol, and J. Kristiansen, pp. 75-91.

"Chrysophyceae and 'splinter groups'"

• Class Chrysophyceae (Pascher, 1914, nom. descrip.; Hibberd, 1976, nom. typificatum)

• Order Bicosoecales ('Bicoecinae', nom. nud.)

• Class Dictyochophyceae
• Class Synurophyceae

Cavalier-Smith (1998)

From A revised six-kingdom system of life

In Phylum Sagenista
Subphylum Bicoecia Cavalier-Smith 1989

• Order Bicoecales
• Order Anoecales
• Order Pirsoniales

David J. Patterson (1999)

From The Diversity of Eukaryotes

In Stramenopiles
Clade Bicosoecales

Karpov (2000a)

From Karpov, S. A. (2000a). Flagellate phylogeny: an ultrastructural approach. In: Leadbeater, B. S. C., Green, J. C. (eds). The Flagellates. Unity, diversity and evolution. Taylor and Francis, London.

Order Bicosoecida (Grassé) Karpov 1998

• Family Bicosoecidae Stein, 1878 (Bicosoeca Stein, 1878)
• Family Siluaniidae Karpov 1998 (Siluania Karpov 1998; Adriamonas Verhagel et al., 1994; Caecitellus Patterson et al., 1992)
• Family Cafeteriidae Moestrup, 1995 (Cafeteria Fenchel et Patterson, 1998; Pseudobodo Griessmann, 1913; Acronema Teal et al., 1998; Discoselis Vørs, 1988)
• Family Pseudodendromonadidae Karpov fam. nov. (Pseudodendromonas Bourrelly, 1953; Cyathobodo Petersen et Hansen, 1961).

Karpov (2000b)

From Ultrastructure of the aloricate bicosoecid Pseudobodo tremulans, with revision of the order Bicosoecida.

Order Bicosoecida (Grassé) Karpov 1998

• [Equal to Karpov (2000a), with addition of the genus Symbiomonas Guillou et Chrétiennot-Dinet, 1999 to the family Cafeteriidae]

Moestrup in Lee et al. (2000)

Moestrup, Ø., 2000. Order Bicosoecida Grassé, 1926. In: Lee, J.J., Leedale, G.F. & Bradbury, P. An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Society of Protozoologists/Allen Press: Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A, 2nd ed., vol. 2, p. 690-693, [7]. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), [8].

In “protozoa”, “stramenopiles”

• Order Bicosoecida Grassé, 1926
  • Family Bicosoecaceae Stein, 1878
    • Genus Bicosoeca James-Clark, 1866
  • Family Cafeteriaceae Moestrup, 1995
    • Genus Cafeteria Fenchel & Patterson, 1988
    • Genus Pseudobodo Griessmann, 1913

Cavalier-Smith & Chao (2006)

• Cavalier-Smith, T. & Chao, E.E.-Y. 2006. Phylogeny and megasystematics of phagotrophic heterokonts (Kingdom Chromista). Journal of Molecular Evolution 62(4): 388–420. DOI: 10.1007/s00239-004-0353-8 Reference page. 

• Infrakingdom Heterokonta
  • Phylum Bigyra
    • Subphylum Bicoecia Cavalier-Smith, 1989
      • Class Bicoecea Cavalier-Smith 1986 orth. mut. 1989
        • Subclass 1. Placidae Cavalier-Smith subcl. nov.
          • Order Placidiales Moriyama et al. 2002 (Placidia, Wobblia, Pendulomonas (Tong 1997))
        • Subclass 2. Bicosidae Cavalier-Smith subcl. nov.
          • Superorder 1. Cyathobodoniae Cavalier-Smith 1993 emend. stat. nov.
            • Order 1. Bicoecales Grassé & Deflandre 1952 (Bicosoecaceae Stein: Bicosoeca)
            • Order 2. Anoecales Cavalier-Smith 1997 emend.
              • Family 1. Cafeteriaceae Moestrup 1995 (Cafeteria roenbergensis, C. mylnikovii, Acronema)
              • Family 2. Anoecaceae Cavalier-Smith fam. nov. (Anoeca)
              • Family 3. Symbiomonadaceae Cavalier-Smith fam. nov. (Symbiomonas)
              • Family 4. Caecitellaceae Cavalier-Smith fam. nov. (Caecitellus)
            • Anoecales incertae sedis: Cafeteria marsupialis Larsen and Patterson 1990
            • Order 3. Pseudodendromonadales Hibberd 1985 emend.
              • Family 1. Neradaceae Cavalier-Smith fam. nov. (Nerada)
              • Family 2. Paramonadaceae Cavalier-Smith fam. nov. (Paramonas)
              • Family 3. Siluaniaceae Karpov 1998 ex Cavalier-Smith fam. nov. (Siluania)
              • Family 4. Adriamonadaceae (Adriamonas)
              • Family 5. Pseudodendromonadaceae Cavalier-Smith 1991 fam. nov. (Pseudodendromonas, Cyathobodo)
          • Superorder 2. Borokiae Cavalier-Smith superord. nov.
            • Order Borokales Cavalier-Smith ord. nov.
              • Family Borokaceae Cavalier-Smith fam. nov. (Boroka)
      • Bicoecea incertae sedis:
        • Family Labromonadacae Cavalier-Smith fam. nov. (Labromonas); Pseudobodo tremulans Griessmann 1913; Pseudobodo minuta Ruinen 1938

Adl et al. (2012)

• Adl, S.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Lane, C.E., Lukeš, J., Bass, D., Bowser, S.S., Brown, M.W., Burki, F., Dunthorn, M., Hampl, V., Heiss, A., Hoppenrath, M., Lara, E., Le Gall, L., Lynn, D.H., McManus, H., Mitchell, E.A.D., Mozley-Stanridge, S.E., Parfrey, L.W., Pawlowski, J., Rueckert, S., Shadwick, L., Schoch, C.L., Smirnow, A. & Spiegel, F.W. 2012. The revised classification of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 59(5): 429–514. DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x . [Erratum: 60(3): 321. DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12033 .] Reference page. 

Eukaryota

• Stramenopiles Patterson 1989, emend. Adl et al. 2005
  • Bicosoecida Grassé 1926, emend. Karpov 1998
    • Bicosoeca, Caecitellus, Cafeteria, Pseudobodo, Pseudodendromonas

Cavalier-Smith & Scoble (2013)

• Cavalier-Smith, T. & Scoble, J.M. 2013. Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. European Journal of Protistology 49: 328–353. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002 Researchgate. Reference page. 

• Infrakingdom Heterokonta
  • Phylum Ochrophyta
  • Phylum Pseudofungi
  • Phylum Bigyra Cavalier-Smith 1998
    • Subphylum Opalozoa Cavalier-Smith 1991 emend. stat. nov. 2006
      • Infraphylum Bikosia Cavalier-Smith 2013
        • Class Bikosea Cavalier-Smith 2013 nom. n. pro Bicosoecea Cavalier-Smith, 1986
          • Subclass Bicosidia Cavalier-Smith, 2006 orth. em. 2013
            • Superorder 1. Cyathobodoniae Cavalier-Smith, 1993 em. stat. n. 2006
              • Order 1. Bicoecida Grassé, 1926
                • Family 1. Bicosoecidae Ritter von Stein, 1878 (as Bikoecida) (Bicosoeca, Stephanocodon, Poteriodendron)
                • Family 2. Labromonadidae Cavalier-Smith, 2006 (Labromonas)
              • Order 2. Anoecida Cavalier-Smith, 1997a em. 2006
                • Family 1. Cafeteriidae Moestrup, 1995 em. (Cafeteria, Anoeca, Symbiomonas)
                • Family 2. Caecitellidae Cavalier-Smith, 2006 (Caecitellus, Halocafeteria)
              • Order 3. Pseudodendromonadida Hibberd, 1985 em. Cavalier-Smith, 2006
                • Family 1. Pseudodendromonadidae Hibberd, 1985 (Pseudodendromonas, Cyathobodo)
                • Family 2. Siluaniidae Karpov, 1998 (Siluania, Adriamonas)
                • Family 3. Paramonadidae Cavalier-Smith, 2006 (Paramonas)
                • Family 4. Nanidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n. (Nanum = Nanos Kim et al., 2010)
                • Family 5. Neradidae Cavalier-Smith, 2006 (Nerada)
                • Family 6. Filidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n. (Filos)
            • Superorder 2. Borokiae Cavalier-Smith, 2006
              • Order Borokida Cavalier-Smith, 2006
                • Family Borokidae Cavalier-Smith, 2006 (Boroka)
          • Subclass 2. Rictidia Cavalier-Smith subcl. n.
            • Order Rictida Cavalier-Smith ord. n.
              • Family Rictidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n. (Rictus)
      • Infraphylum Placidozoa Cavalier-Smith 2013
    • Subphylum Sagenista Cavalier-Smith 1995 stat. nov. 2006

Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. (2015). A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248, [9].

• Superkingdom Eukaryota
  • Kingdom Chromista
    • Subkingdom Harosa [= "Supergroup SAR"]
      • Infrakingdom Halvaria
        • Superphylum Heterokonta [= "Supergroup Stramenopiles"]
          • Phylum Bigyra
            • Class Bikosea
              • Order Anoecida
              • Order Bicoecida
              • Order Borokida
              • Order Pseudodendromonadida
              • Order Rictida