Introduction: Osteoporosis is a chronic and progressive disease associated with gradual bone loss... more Introduction: Osteoporosis is a chronic and progressive disease associated with gradual bone loss and elevated risk of fracture. Role of health care professional especially nurses in lowering burden of osteoporosis via patients and public education is critical. Current study conducted to evaluate knowledge and attitude regarding osteoporosis among the nurses in orthopedic wards and their experience with national clinical osteoporosis guideline. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2016 among all nurses in orthopedic ward of hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The 23- item self-administered scale consisted of knowledge and attitude questions were used. Moreover, data regarding participation in osteoporosis training courses and awareness of the national osteoporosis clinical guideline were collected as a measure of nurses' experience with guideline. The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS (V. 16), student t-test was used to compare total knowledge and attitude scores between categorical demographic and professional data. Pearson test was used to calculate the correlation between total knowledge and attitude scores and years of practice. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: From total of 160 nurses, 143 of them completed the questionnaire (response rate: 89.3%). The total mean ± SD knowledge and attitude scores were 11.60 ± 3.10 and 3.47 ± 0.92 respectively. Six nurses (4.2%) had participated in osteoporosis training courses after graduation, and 39 (27.3%) had been aware of the national osteoporosis clinical guideline. Knowledge and attitude scores among nurses who practice in private hospitals was higher than those practices in the teaching hospitals. These differences were statistically significant based on student t-test. According to Pearson correlation coefficient, there was positive and significant correlation between nurses' knowledge and attitude score (Correlation coefficient: 0.199, p-value = 0.037). Conclusion: Our findings reveal that nurses' knowledge and attitude regarding osteoporosis was not satisfactory. Most of them were not aware of national osteoporosis clinical guideline and had not participated in osteoporosis training courses after their graduation. We need more empowered nurses to lowering burden of osteoporosis and its consequences in the future.
Introduction: As the population ages, the impact of asthma in the elderly is expected to be enhan... more Introduction: As the population ages, the impact of asthma in the elderly is expected to be enhanced over the forthcoming decades. We investigated the prevalence of asthma and its socioeconomic factors in the elderly, Shiraz, Iran. Methods: In this population-based study, 1527 subjects older than 60 years were selected based on the stratified random sampling method. The data on asthma symptoms, current asthma, physician diagnose asthma, and allergic rhinitis were collected using the translated ECRHS (European Community Respiratory Health Survey) questionnaire. Information on individual socioeconomic status was derived from the participants' self-reported educational level and their occupation, income, and residence. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of asthma, current asthma, physician diagnose asthma, and allergic rhinitis was found to be 8.97, 6.81, 4.78 and, 23.51%, respectively. The most common asthma symptoms were nocturnal chest tightness (15.52%, n = 237/1,527). In univariate analysis, the prevalence of asthma was higher in illiterate patients (12.7%), subjects with the lowest income level (10.6%), and patients living in urban areas (24.1%). Having age more than 80 (OR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.10-3.65), being a current smoker (OR = 2.76; 95% CI = 1.69-4.51) and living in a suburban area (OR = 3.01; 95% CI = 1.20-7.50) were significant predictive factors for asthma in the regression model. Conclusions: Asthma and allergic rhinitis in the elderly should be more focus in the southwest of Iran. Moreover, our findings highlighted the effect of socio- economic status, disparities and inequality on community health.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Information on the refractive error prevalence in school-aged children will re... more CLINICAL RELEVANCE Information on the refractive error prevalence in school-aged children will result in delivering the optimal eye health service to this group. BACKGROUND Understanding the prevalence of refractive error in school-aged children is crucial to reduce the consequences of uncorrected refractive error. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of refractive error among school-aged children in Shiraz, Iran. METHODS In this cross-sectional population-based study, 2001 schoolchildren aged 6-12 years participated. All participants underwent cycloplegic refraction. Spherical equivalent (SE) of -0.50 dioptre or more was considered as myopia, SE of +2.00 dioptre or more as hyperopia, and astigmatism as cylinder power of 0.75 dioptre or more. The difference of 1.00 dioptre or more between two eyes defined as anisometropia. RESULTS The prevalence of myopia was 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.2-13.1%), hyperopia 6.7% (95%CI: 5.6-7.9%), and astigmatism 28.9% (95%CI: 26...
ObjectivesSuicidal ideation is a major risk factor for suicide and can negatively affect self-car... more ObjectivesSuicidal ideation is a major risk factor for suicide and can negatively affect self-care and health behaviors among the older adults. There are limited data on the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideation among the older population during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideations among Iranian older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA total of 803 older community adults in Shiraz (Southwestern Iran) were surveyed to determine potential factors influencing suicidal ideation, including demographic factors, physical health status, access to healthcare, current depression status, fear of COVID-19, perceived social support, and social engagement. Data were collected utilizing face-to-face interviews between November and December 2020. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent variables associated with suicidal ideations.ResultsAmong the 803 participan...
Purpose Healthcare access is one of the determinants of visual impairment (VI), as a public healt... more Purpose Healthcare access is one of the determinants of visual impairment (VI), as a public health problem. The objective of this study was to estimate VI prevalence, related causes, and its correlation with access to physicians in Iran. Methods : This systematic review and meta-analysis include observational studies published in Iran. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and local databases were systematically searched by using the MeSH headings. Data on the provincial distribution of physicians, as an index of access to healthcare, was retrieved. A random-effect meta-analysis was performed to assess. Results Eight articles were included. The pooled prevalence of blindness, low vision, and VI was 0.80% (95% CI: 0.61–0.99%), 2.92% (95% CI: 2.40–3.44%), and 5.57% (95% CI: 4.71–6.43%). Refractive errors were the most common causes of VI based on PVA with the pooled prevalence of 54.6% (95% CI: 43.4–65.8%). Based on BCVA, we found that the pooled prevalence of cataracts was ...
The epidemic tobacco use is a public health concern worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the p... more The epidemic tobacco use is a public health concern worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tobacco use and its socioeconomic determinants in the city of Shiraz, Iran.
Background The use of a valid and reliable outcome scoring system is crucial for evaluating the r... more Background The use of a valid and reliable outcome scoring system is crucial for evaluating the result of different treatment interventions. The aims of this study were to translate and culturally adapt the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot scoring system into the Persian language and assess its validity and reliability. Method In total, 57 patients with midfoot injuries were enrolled. Forward-backward translation and cultural adaptation methods were used to develop the Persian version of AOFAS midfoot scoring system. Reliability and internal consistency were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha. The discriminant and convergent validities of the scoring system were assessed using the total score of the mental and physical component of SF-36. Results The mean age of the participants was 46.2 ± 16.3 years. The intra-observer reliability of the totals core of the Persian version of AOFAS midfoot scoring system was 0.96 (...
International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2020
Background: Medical error reporting is fundamental for improving patient safety. We surveyed heal... more Background: Medical error reporting is fundamental for improving patient safety. We surveyed healthcare professionals to evaluate their experience of adverse events witness and reporting, knowledge about adverse events, attitude toward own and colleagues' errors, and perceived barriers in reporting errors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on healthcare professionals from May to October 2017 at Chamran hospital, which is the largest referral orthopedic center in southern Iran. The self-administered questionnaire comprised 32 items covering five domains: (1) demographic and professional characteristics, (2) medical error witness and reporting, (3) actual and perceived knowledge regarding type of events and the status of completed training courses, (4) attitude toward reporting one's own and colleagues' errors, and (5) perceived barriers in error reporting. Questionnaire validity and reliability was proven in our previous study. Results: From a total of 210...
Objective: Hip fracture in young adults can cause long-life poor functional capacity because of s... more Objective: Hip fracture in young adults can cause long-life poor functional capacity because of several complications. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate 1-year mortality and functional outcome of patients aged 60 years or less with hip fracture Methods: Prospectively, data of all consecutive patients with 60 years of age or less with any type of hip fracture treated operatively from 2008 to 2014 were obtained. After one year, outcome of the patients were evaluated using pain severity changes, functional status of the patients (modified Barthel index), and mortality rate. Results: Among 201 patients, 132 (65.7%) were men (mean age: 41.8 years) and 69 (34.3%) were women with mean age of 50.2 years (p
Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology, 2018
Background: To assess the efficacy of ethanol as an adjuvant in the treatment of unicameral bone ... more Background: To assess the efficacy of ethanol as an adjuvant in the treatment of unicameral bone cyst (UBC). Materials and Methods: Surgically treated patients with UBC lesion were reviewed. Definite treatment of UBC lesions was conducted using a combined four-step alcohol-using approach, consisted of curettage, burring, ethanol 96%, and electrocauterization of the lesion, consecutively. Results: Twenty-one patients (mean age 14, range: 2–30, male 62%) were followed from 1 to 10 years. Among 18 cases, only one recurrence was seen in a 5-year-old boy with UBC of the left calcaneus. Conclusions: Using ethanol as an adjuvant may be a good choice for treatment of UBC lesions.
We evaluated the reliability and validity of the Persian translation of the American Orthopedic F... more We evaluated the reliability and validity of the Persian translation of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society hallux metatarsophalangeal-interphalangeal joint scale (AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP). The translated AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale form was completed for 101 patients with hallux deformities; the subjective questions were answered by the patients, whereas the orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon and his assistant answered the objective questions. The validated Persian version of the 36-Item Short Form Survey Instrument (SF-36) was used for validity assessment. Eighty-five females and 16 males with a mean age of 49 years were enrolled. Hallux valgus and hallux rigidus was the diagnosis in 73 and 28 patients, respectively. Intrarater reliability had a high level of correlation (rho >0.6) for all subscales and total score. Although the correlation between the total score of the AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale and role: physical subscale of SF-36 was the highest (rho = 0.47), the total score of AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale and the other 7 domains of SF-36 had a correlation ranging between -0.17 and 0.43. Moreover, the correlation between total score of AOFAS-Hallux MTP-IP and SF-36 physical component summary scale was 0.50, which was higher than the correlation between total score of AOFAS and SF-36 mental component summary scale (rho = 0.35). Convergent validity was approved for MTP joint motion (0.59), IP joint motion (0.51), and callus (0.56) items of AOFAS-Hallux MTP-IP. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between all items of the functional subscale of AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale with its own subscales was higher than the coefficient between these items and other subscales, including pain and alignment (discriminate validity). Floor and ceiling effects were calculated as 2% and 1%, respectively. Our findings indicate that the translated Persian version of the AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale is a reliable instrument, but its validity is not satisfactory.
Introduction: Osteoporosis is a chronic and progressive disease associated with gradual bone loss... more Introduction: Osteoporosis is a chronic and progressive disease associated with gradual bone loss and elevated risk of fracture. Role of health care professional especially nurses in lowering burden of osteoporosis via patients and public education is critical. Current study conducted to evaluate knowledge and attitude regarding osteoporosis among the nurses in orthopedic wards and their experience with national clinical osteoporosis guideline. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2016 among all nurses in orthopedic ward of hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The 23- item self-administered scale consisted of knowledge and attitude questions were used. Moreover, data regarding participation in osteoporosis training courses and awareness of the national osteoporosis clinical guideline were collected as a measure of nurses' experience with guideline. The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS (V. 16), student t-test was used to compare total knowledge and attitude scores between categorical demographic and professional data. Pearson test was used to calculate the correlation between total knowledge and attitude scores and years of practice. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: From total of 160 nurses, 143 of them completed the questionnaire (response rate: 89.3%). The total mean ± SD knowledge and attitude scores were 11.60 ± 3.10 and 3.47 ± 0.92 respectively. Six nurses (4.2%) had participated in osteoporosis training courses after graduation, and 39 (27.3%) had been aware of the national osteoporosis clinical guideline. Knowledge and attitude scores among nurses who practice in private hospitals was higher than those practices in the teaching hospitals. These differences were statistically significant based on student t-test. According to Pearson correlation coefficient, there was positive and significant correlation between nurses' knowledge and attitude score (Correlation coefficient: 0.199, p-value = 0.037). Conclusion: Our findings reveal that nurses' knowledge and attitude regarding osteoporosis was not satisfactory. Most of them were not aware of national osteoporosis clinical guideline and had not participated in osteoporosis training courses after their graduation. We need more empowered nurses to lowering burden of osteoporosis and its consequences in the future.
Introduction: As the population ages, the impact of asthma in the elderly is expected to be enhan... more Introduction: As the population ages, the impact of asthma in the elderly is expected to be enhanced over the forthcoming decades. We investigated the prevalence of asthma and its socioeconomic factors in the elderly, Shiraz, Iran. Methods: In this population-based study, 1527 subjects older than 60 years were selected based on the stratified random sampling method. The data on asthma symptoms, current asthma, physician diagnose asthma, and allergic rhinitis were collected using the translated ECRHS (European Community Respiratory Health Survey) questionnaire. Information on individual socioeconomic status was derived from the participants' self-reported educational level and their occupation, income, and residence. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of asthma, current asthma, physician diagnose asthma, and allergic rhinitis was found to be 8.97, 6.81, 4.78 and, 23.51%, respectively. The most common asthma symptoms were nocturnal chest tightness (15.52%, n = 237/1,527). In univariate analysis, the prevalence of asthma was higher in illiterate patients (12.7%), subjects with the lowest income level (10.6%), and patients living in urban areas (24.1%). Having age more than 80 (OR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.10-3.65), being a current smoker (OR = 2.76; 95% CI = 1.69-4.51) and living in a suburban area (OR = 3.01; 95% CI = 1.20-7.50) were significant predictive factors for asthma in the regression model. Conclusions: Asthma and allergic rhinitis in the elderly should be more focus in the southwest of Iran. Moreover, our findings highlighted the effect of socio- economic status, disparities and inequality on community health.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Information on the refractive error prevalence in school-aged children will re... more CLINICAL RELEVANCE Information on the refractive error prevalence in school-aged children will result in delivering the optimal eye health service to this group. BACKGROUND Understanding the prevalence of refractive error in school-aged children is crucial to reduce the consequences of uncorrected refractive error. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of refractive error among school-aged children in Shiraz, Iran. METHODS In this cross-sectional population-based study, 2001 schoolchildren aged 6-12 years participated. All participants underwent cycloplegic refraction. Spherical equivalent (SE) of -0.50 dioptre or more was considered as myopia, SE of +2.00 dioptre or more as hyperopia, and astigmatism as cylinder power of 0.75 dioptre or more. The difference of 1.00 dioptre or more between two eyes defined as anisometropia. RESULTS The prevalence of myopia was 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.2-13.1%), hyperopia 6.7% (95%CI: 5.6-7.9%), and astigmatism 28.9% (95%CI: 26...
ObjectivesSuicidal ideation is a major risk factor for suicide and can negatively affect self-car... more ObjectivesSuicidal ideation is a major risk factor for suicide and can negatively affect self-care and health behaviors among the older adults. There are limited data on the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideation among the older population during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideations among Iranian older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA total of 803 older community adults in Shiraz (Southwestern Iran) were surveyed to determine potential factors influencing suicidal ideation, including demographic factors, physical health status, access to healthcare, current depression status, fear of COVID-19, perceived social support, and social engagement. Data were collected utilizing face-to-face interviews between November and December 2020. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent variables associated with suicidal ideations.ResultsAmong the 803 participan...
Purpose Healthcare access is one of the determinants of visual impairment (VI), as a public healt... more Purpose Healthcare access is one of the determinants of visual impairment (VI), as a public health problem. The objective of this study was to estimate VI prevalence, related causes, and its correlation with access to physicians in Iran. Methods : This systematic review and meta-analysis include observational studies published in Iran. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and local databases were systematically searched by using the MeSH headings. Data on the provincial distribution of physicians, as an index of access to healthcare, was retrieved. A random-effect meta-analysis was performed to assess. Results Eight articles were included. The pooled prevalence of blindness, low vision, and VI was 0.80% (95% CI: 0.61–0.99%), 2.92% (95% CI: 2.40–3.44%), and 5.57% (95% CI: 4.71–6.43%). Refractive errors were the most common causes of VI based on PVA with the pooled prevalence of 54.6% (95% CI: 43.4–65.8%). Based on BCVA, we found that the pooled prevalence of cataracts was ...
The epidemic tobacco use is a public health concern worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the p... more The epidemic tobacco use is a public health concern worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tobacco use and its socioeconomic determinants in the city of Shiraz, Iran.
Background The use of a valid and reliable outcome scoring system is crucial for evaluating the r... more Background The use of a valid and reliable outcome scoring system is crucial for evaluating the result of different treatment interventions. The aims of this study were to translate and culturally adapt the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot scoring system into the Persian language and assess its validity and reliability. Method In total, 57 patients with midfoot injuries were enrolled. Forward-backward translation and cultural adaptation methods were used to develop the Persian version of AOFAS midfoot scoring system. Reliability and internal consistency were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha. The discriminant and convergent validities of the scoring system were assessed using the total score of the mental and physical component of SF-36. Results The mean age of the participants was 46.2 ± 16.3 years. The intra-observer reliability of the totals core of the Persian version of AOFAS midfoot scoring system was 0.96 (...
International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2020
Background: Medical error reporting is fundamental for improving patient safety. We surveyed heal... more Background: Medical error reporting is fundamental for improving patient safety. We surveyed healthcare professionals to evaluate their experience of adverse events witness and reporting, knowledge about adverse events, attitude toward own and colleagues' errors, and perceived barriers in reporting errors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on healthcare professionals from May to October 2017 at Chamran hospital, which is the largest referral orthopedic center in southern Iran. The self-administered questionnaire comprised 32 items covering five domains: (1) demographic and professional characteristics, (2) medical error witness and reporting, (3) actual and perceived knowledge regarding type of events and the status of completed training courses, (4) attitude toward reporting one's own and colleagues' errors, and (5) perceived barriers in error reporting. Questionnaire validity and reliability was proven in our previous study. Results: From a total of 210...
Objective: Hip fracture in young adults can cause long-life poor functional capacity because of s... more Objective: Hip fracture in young adults can cause long-life poor functional capacity because of several complications. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate 1-year mortality and functional outcome of patients aged 60 years or less with hip fracture Methods: Prospectively, data of all consecutive patients with 60 years of age or less with any type of hip fracture treated operatively from 2008 to 2014 were obtained. After one year, outcome of the patients were evaluated using pain severity changes, functional status of the patients (modified Barthel index), and mortality rate. Results: Among 201 patients, 132 (65.7%) were men (mean age: 41.8 years) and 69 (34.3%) were women with mean age of 50.2 years (p
Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology, 2018
Background: To assess the efficacy of ethanol as an adjuvant in the treatment of unicameral bone ... more Background: To assess the efficacy of ethanol as an adjuvant in the treatment of unicameral bone cyst (UBC). Materials and Methods: Surgically treated patients with UBC lesion were reviewed. Definite treatment of UBC lesions was conducted using a combined four-step alcohol-using approach, consisted of curettage, burring, ethanol 96%, and electrocauterization of the lesion, consecutively. Results: Twenty-one patients (mean age 14, range: 2–30, male 62%) were followed from 1 to 10 years. Among 18 cases, only one recurrence was seen in a 5-year-old boy with UBC of the left calcaneus. Conclusions: Using ethanol as an adjuvant may be a good choice for treatment of UBC lesions.
We evaluated the reliability and validity of the Persian translation of the American Orthopedic F... more We evaluated the reliability and validity of the Persian translation of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society hallux metatarsophalangeal-interphalangeal joint scale (AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP). The translated AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale form was completed for 101 patients with hallux deformities; the subjective questions were answered by the patients, whereas the orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon and his assistant answered the objective questions. The validated Persian version of the 36-Item Short Form Survey Instrument (SF-36) was used for validity assessment. Eighty-five females and 16 males with a mean age of 49 years were enrolled. Hallux valgus and hallux rigidus was the diagnosis in 73 and 28 patients, respectively. Intrarater reliability had a high level of correlation (rho >0.6) for all subscales and total score. Although the correlation between the total score of the AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale and role: physical subscale of SF-36 was the highest (rho = 0.47), the total score of AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale and the other 7 domains of SF-36 had a correlation ranging between -0.17 and 0.43. Moreover, the correlation between total score of AOFAS-Hallux MTP-IP and SF-36 physical component summary scale was 0.50, which was higher than the correlation between total score of AOFAS and SF-36 mental component summary scale (rho = 0.35). Convergent validity was approved for MTP joint motion (0.59), IP joint motion (0.51), and callus (0.56) items of AOFAS-Hallux MTP-IP. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between all items of the functional subscale of AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale with its own subscales was higher than the coefficient between these items and other subscales, including pain and alignment (discriminate validity). Floor and ceiling effects were calculated as 2% and 1%, respectively. Our findings indicate that the translated Persian version of the AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale is a reliable instrument, but its validity is not satisfactory.
Uploads