Background:The Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process (PPCP) as one of many inter-related foundations ... more Background:The Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process (PPCP) as one of many inter-related foundations for the delivery of evidence-based and outcomes-focused patient care has a positive trend in academic literatures in the world. Unfortunately, PPCP has not been establish well in community pharmacies in Iran, yet. This study was performed to explore the current status of the provision and perception toward patient care services and finally evaluate professional competency of pharmacists about PPCP implementation, in both patients and pharmacist’s perspectives.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using two self-administrated Likert-based questionnaires_ one for pharmacists and another one for patients. In total, 121 pharmacists and 479 patients participated to the study. Questionnaires were distributed and collected in the Shiraz during the Oct 2017 till Jun 2018. Obtained data were analyzed through the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25. In addition, the competency to PPCP implementation was classified to three groups _good, moderate, and weak _ based on achieving ≥75%, 50%-75%, and <50% of the dimensions’ total score, respectively.Results:The pharmacist’s age range was 23-76 years (mean age: 40.61±12.85 years). Their Competency to PPCP implementation was good (43.8%), moderate (52%), and just 4% weak. Patient’s response to PPCP was 11.2% good, 50.7% moderate and 35.6% weak.Conclusion:Besides promotion of public awareness about PPCP, improvement of pharmacists’ motivation toward these services seems necessary. In addition, the introduced instrument may be useful for practice of pharmacists, but it should be used cautiously until it is tested among clients of pharmacies known to provide all levels of pharmacy care within pharmacy stores. (www.actabiomedica.com)
AimThe global outbreak of coronavirus in 2020 was considered as a serious risk for healthcare pro... more AimThe global outbreak of coronavirus in 2020 was considered as a serious risk for healthcare providers, especially nurses. This study aimed to investigate nurses’ perceptions and experiences of COVID‐19 outbreak in Iran.DesignThis thematic analysis study was conducted in March 2020.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 24 nurses in Qazvin, Arak, Shiraz and Kashan cities of Iran.ResultsIt was found out that all the participants had faced a mysterious world created by the virus. No one had clear understanding of the new virus and knew how to tackle with such a virus. In this case, the main experiences were related to defected preparedness, the worst perceived risk, family protection, social stigma and sacrificial commitment. Urgent preparedness of facilities in such outbreaks is inevitable. Accordingly, psycho‐social support of nurses and their families and strengthening their sacrificial commitments are proposed in these conditions.
In recent years, society and many organizations have been paying increasing attention to the soci... more In recent years, society and many organizations have been paying increasing attention to the social responsibilities of organizations towards various stakeholder groups. To ensure the fulfillment of social responsibilities of organizations towards society, corporate social responsibility should be embedded in day-to-day operations and managerial decision-making. Total quality management is also a commonly used managerial tool that takes into considerations the interests of various stakeholder groups. This paper investigates how the relationship between corporate social responsibility and total quality management affect the organizational performance measured by the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). The results of the analysis, using structural equation modeling on 933 completed questionnaires sent to the pharmaceutical companies in Iran, suggest that social responsibility is significantly associated with the integration of this responsibility into quality management programs. Quality management, in turn, has a significant and positive effect on organizational performance. The results provide contribution to the earlier studies that have found inconsistent results on the direct association between social responsibility and organizational performance by demonstrating that quality management mediates the relationship between social responsibility and organizational performance. In practice, Managers can strengthen their relationships with stakeholders and, ultimately, improve organizational performance if social responsibility towards stakeholders is embedded in operational routines and processes.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, Jun 3, 2019
PurposeGiven the important role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in today’s business worl... more PurposeGiven the important role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in today’s business world, this study aims to investigate how it affects the performance of pharmaceutical distribution companies by using the balanced scorecard (BSC).Design/methodology/approachDrawing upon the existing literature, a questionnaire consisting of 32 questions was prepared and distributed to examine ongoing practices and to probe uninvestigated domains related to CSR. To confirm the efficiency of the research model and the accuracy of the measurement model – which was utilized to examine the correlation between different variables – variable scores were acquired from a national study and were entered into a structural equation model.FindingsAnalysis of 933 completed questionnaires revealed the existence of large correlation between subsets of the considered dimensions. The questionnaire contained five underlying dimensions: employee relations, corporate governance, societal concern, economic and financial concern and environmental concerns. All CSR variables can be condensed into these five dimensions, which are the main features of the CSR model proposed for the Iranian pharmaceutical distribution companies. Not only did the results support the research model but also indicated that CSR’s impact on BSC and its four components – financial perspective, customer perspective, internal process perspective and learning and growth perspective – was both positive and significant.Practical implicationsThis paper identifies five dimensions through which CSR practices can effect positive changes in an organization’s performance in relation to the four BSC perspectives. Thus, in focusing on these dimensions, a company increases its likelihood of enhancing its performance and, consequently, realizing significant gains. In addition, as managers play the most significant role in CSR implementation, they should support all associated practices to achieve their strategic goals.Originality/valuePharmaceutical distribution companies tend to apply CSR – which is commonly described as informal and voluntary humanitarian activities – to different domains, including the workplace, marketplace, community and environment. This study contributes to the existing literature by shedding light on various domains in which CSR practices are applied to enhance organizational success in pharmaceutical distribution companies.
IntroductionSocial capital is critical to organizational dynamics, particularly in developing cou... more IntroductionSocial capital is critical to organizational dynamics, particularly in developing countries. This study explored strategies for enhancing social capital among faculty members at seven medical universities in the south of Iran.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted in 2021. We used a purposeful sampling technique to recruit faculty members and conducted individual semi‐structured interviews with them. Thematic analysis was used to analyze and describe the collected data.ResultsA total of 49 faculty members (34 males; 15 females) participated in this study. The participants expressed satisfaction with their affiliations with medical universities. Social capital was related to the feeling of belonging to the organization, as well as to interpersonal and intra‐organizational relations. Social capital was associated with three components: empowerment, organizational policy change, and organizational identification. Additionally, a dynamic relationship between the individ...
Background:The Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process (PPCP) as one of many inter-related foundations ... more Background:The Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process (PPCP) as one of many inter-related foundations for the delivery of evidence-based and outcomes-focused patient care has a positive trend in academic literatures in the world. Unfortunately, PPCP has not been establish well in community pharmacies in Iran, yet. This study was performed to explore the current status of the provision and perception toward patient care services and finally evaluate professional competency of pharmacists about PPCP implementation, in both patients and pharmacist’s perspectives.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using two self-administrated Likert-based questionnaires_ one for pharmacists and another one for patients. In total, 121 pharmacists and 479 patients participated to the study. Questionnaires were distributed and collected in the Shiraz during the Oct 2017 till Jun 2018. Obtained data were analyzed through the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25. In addition, the competency to PPCP implementation was classified to three groups _good, moderate, and weak _ based on achieving ≥75%, 50%-75%, and <50% of the dimensions’ total score, respectively.Results:The pharmacist’s age range was 23-76 years (mean age: 40.61±12.85 years). Their Competency to PPCP implementation was good (43.8%), moderate (52%), and just 4% weak. Patient’s response to PPCP was 11.2% good, 50.7% moderate and 35.6% weak.Conclusion:Besides promotion of public awareness about PPCP, improvement of pharmacists’ motivation toward these services seems necessary. In addition, the introduced instrument may be useful for practice of pharmacists, but it should be used cautiously until it is tested among clients of pharmacies known to provide all levels of pharmacy care within pharmacy stores. (www.actabiomedica.com)
AimThe global outbreak of coronavirus in 2020 was considered as a serious risk for healthcare pro... more AimThe global outbreak of coronavirus in 2020 was considered as a serious risk for healthcare providers, especially nurses. This study aimed to investigate nurses’ perceptions and experiences of COVID‐19 outbreak in Iran.DesignThis thematic analysis study was conducted in March 2020.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 24 nurses in Qazvin, Arak, Shiraz and Kashan cities of Iran.ResultsIt was found out that all the participants had faced a mysterious world created by the virus. No one had clear understanding of the new virus and knew how to tackle with such a virus. In this case, the main experiences were related to defected preparedness, the worst perceived risk, family protection, social stigma and sacrificial commitment. Urgent preparedness of facilities in such outbreaks is inevitable. Accordingly, psycho‐social support of nurses and their families and strengthening their sacrificial commitments are proposed in these conditions.
In recent years, society and many organizations have been paying increasing attention to the soci... more In recent years, society and many organizations have been paying increasing attention to the social responsibilities of organizations towards various stakeholder groups. To ensure the fulfillment of social responsibilities of organizations towards society, corporate social responsibility should be embedded in day-to-day operations and managerial decision-making. Total quality management is also a commonly used managerial tool that takes into considerations the interests of various stakeholder groups. This paper investigates how the relationship between corporate social responsibility and total quality management affect the organizational performance measured by the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). The results of the analysis, using structural equation modeling on 933 completed questionnaires sent to the pharmaceutical companies in Iran, suggest that social responsibility is significantly associated with the integration of this responsibility into quality management programs. Quality management, in turn, has a significant and positive effect on organizational performance. The results provide contribution to the earlier studies that have found inconsistent results on the direct association between social responsibility and organizational performance by demonstrating that quality management mediates the relationship between social responsibility and organizational performance. In practice, Managers can strengthen their relationships with stakeholders and, ultimately, improve organizational performance if social responsibility towards stakeholders is embedded in operational routines and processes.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, Jun 3, 2019
PurposeGiven the important role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in today’s business worl... more PurposeGiven the important role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in today’s business world, this study aims to investigate how it affects the performance of pharmaceutical distribution companies by using the balanced scorecard (BSC).Design/methodology/approachDrawing upon the existing literature, a questionnaire consisting of 32 questions was prepared and distributed to examine ongoing practices and to probe uninvestigated domains related to CSR. To confirm the efficiency of the research model and the accuracy of the measurement model – which was utilized to examine the correlation between different variables – variable scores were acquired from a national study and were entered into a structural equation model.FindingsAnalysis of 933 completed questionnaires revealed the existence of large correlation between subsets of the considered dimensions. The questionnaire contained five underlying dimensions: employee relations, corporate governance, societal concern, economic and financial concern and environmental concerns. All CSR variables can be condensed into these five dimensions, which are the main features of the CSR model proposed for the Iranian pharmaceutical distribution companies. Not only did the results support the research model but also indicated that CSR’s impact on BSC and its four components – financial perspective, customer perspective, internal process perspective and learning and growth perspective – was both positive and significant.Practical implicationsThis paper identifies five dimensions through which CSR practices can effect positive changes in an organization’s performance in relation to the four BSC perspectives. Thus, in focusing on these dimensions, a company increases its likelihood of enhancing its performance and, consequently, realizing significant gains. In addition, as managers play the most significant role in CSR implementation, they should support all associated practices to achieve their strategic goals.Originality/valuePharmaceutical distribution companies tend to apply CSR – which is commonly described as informal and voluntary humanitarian activities – to different domains, including the workplace, marketplace, community and environment. This study contributes to the existing literature by shedding light on various domains in which CSR practices are applied to enhance organizational success in pharmaceutical distribution companies.
IntroductionSocial capital is critical to organizational dynamics, particularly in developing cou... more IntroductionSocial capital is critical to organizational dynamics, particularly in developing countries. This study explored strategies for enhancing social capital among faculty members at seven medical universities in the south of Iran.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted in 2021. We used a purposeful sampling technique to recruit faculty members and conducted individual semi‐structured interviews with them. Thematic analysis was used to analyze and describe the collected data.ResultsA total of 49 faculty members (34 males; 15 females) participated in this study. The participants expressed satisfaction with their affiliations with medical universities. Social capital was related to the feeling of belonging to the organization, as well as to interpersonal and intra‐organizational relations. Social capital was associated with three components: empowerment, organizational policy change, and organizational identification. Additionally, a dynamic relationship between the individ...
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