Current stem cell research & therapy, Mar 26, 2020
Background: Infertility is a major problem worldwide. Various strategies are being used to develo... more Background: Infertility is a major problem worldwide. Various strategies are being used to develop better treatments for infertility and The most trending strategy is the stem cell therapy. In this study, the literature on stem cell therapy for ovarian disorders is summarized with analysis of current developments. Objective: Different published studies on stem cell-based therapy for the treatment of various types of ovarian insufficiency and disorders such as Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) in the affected female population in animal or human clinical studies are systematically reviewed. Method: We monitored five databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and ProQuest. A comprehensive online search was done using the criteria targeting the application of stem cells in animal models for menopause. Two independent reviewers carefully evaluated titles and abstracts of studies. The stem cell type, source, dosage, route of administration were highlighted in various POI animals models. Non-relevant and review articles were excluded. Outcomes: 648 published studies were identified during the initial comprehensive search process from which 41 were selected according to designed criteria. Based on our analysis, stem cells could accelerate ovarian tissues rejuvenation, regulate systemic sex-related hormones levels and eventually increase fertility rate. Conclusion: The evidence suggests that stem cell-based therapies could be considered as an alternative modality to deal with women undergoing POI.
In the current study, we investigated the regenerative effects of amniotic fluid exosomes (AF-Exo... more In the current study, we investigated the regenerative effects of amniotic fluid exosomes (AF-Exos) in a rat model for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). POI is a condition characterized by a decrease in ovarian function that can lead to infertility. We induced POI by administering cyclophosphamide (CTX) for 15 consecutive days, and then transplanted AF-Exos directly into both ovarian tissues. Four weeks later, we measured the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2), and performed histopathological evaluations using H & E and Masson’s trichrome staining. We also monitored the expression of genes related to the TGF-β signaling pathway using real-time PCR and examined the fertility rate of POI rats after AF-Exos therapy. Histological analysis showed an increase in atretic follicles and a decrease in healthy follicle count after POI induction. Four weeks post-AF-Exos intervention, the healthy follicle count increased (p < ...
Blood–brain barrier (BBB) interface with multicellular structure controls strictly the entry of v... more Blood–brain barrier (BBB) interface with multicellular structure controls strictly the entry of varied circulating macromolecules from the blood-facing surface into the brain parenchyma. Under several pathological conditions within the central nervous system, the integrity of the BBB interface is disrupted due to the abnormal crosstalk between the cellular constituents and the recruitment of inflammatory cells. Exosomes (Exos) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles with diverse therapeutic outcomes. These particles transfer a plethora of signaling molecules with the potential to modulate target cell behavior in a paracrine manner. Here, in the current review article, the therapeutic properties of Exos and their potential in the alleviation of compromised BBB structure were discussed.
Targeted therapy is a new cancer treatment approach, involving drugs that particularly target spe... more Targeted therapy is a new cancer treatment approach, involving drugs that particularly target specific proteins in cancer cells, such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) which are involved in promoting growth and proliferation, Therefore inhibiting these proteins could impede cancer progression. An understanding of RTKs and the relevant signaling cascades, has enabled the development of many targeted drug therapies employing RTK inhibitors (RTKIs) that have entered clinical applications. Here we discuss RTK structures, activation mechanisms and functions. Moreover, we cover the potential effects of combination drug therapy (including chemotherapy drugs with one RTKI or multiple RTKIs) especially for drug resistant cancers.
As a common belief, most viruses can egress from the host cells as single particles and transmit ... more As a common belief, most viruses can egress from the host cells as single particles and transmit to uninfected cells. Emerging data have revealed en bloc viral transmission as lipid bilayer-cloaked particles via extracellular vesicles especially exosomes (Exo). The supporting membrane can be originated from multivesicular bodies during intra-luminal vesicle formation and autophagic response. Exo are nano-sized particles, ranging from 40–200 nm, with the ability to harbor several types of signaling molecules from donor to acceptor cells in a paracrine manner, resulting in the modulation of specific signaling reactions in target cells. The phenomenon of Exo biogenesis consists of multiple and complex biological steps with the participation of diverse constituents and molecular pathways. Due to similarities between Exo biogenesis and virus replication and the existence of shared pathways, it is thought that viruses can hijack the Exo biogenesis machinery to spread and evade immune cell...
Background Administration of antineoplastic drugs may cause azoospermia driving to subfertility. ... more Background Administration of antineoplastic drugs may cause azoospermia driving to subfertility. Production of animal azoospermia models is essential for evaluating new treatment methods before therapeutic interventions in human setup. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of Busulfan (an anticancer drug) on some vital organs and describe the best method and appropriate dose of Busulfan to induce an animal azoospermia model. Methods Rats were randomly assigned into four groups, treatment groups received 10 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg Busulfan intraperitoneally (IP), 5 mg/kg Busulfan intratesticular (IT), and control group. Blood, bone marrow, liver, renal, and testes samples were collected for histological (H&E staining), biochemical (serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, and urea), and hematological analyses. Results Results revealed severe anemia and leukopenia in rats that received Busulfan via IP. By contrast, injection of 5 mg/kg Busulfan via IT did not cause anemia except...
Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease with an approximately global distribution and wide host range.... more Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease with an approximately global distribution and wide host range. Rabies is caused by a Lyssavirus (Rhabdoviridae) that infects the nervous system and salivary glands. In this study, an occurrence of rabies in a horse in Iran is reported. In the spring of 2014 a Kurd stallion with severe abnormal behavior was examined in the suburb of Tabriz. The history was taken and the clinical signs that were obvious consisted of: changes in behaviors such as severe aggressive mood and anxiety, ataxia, circling, severe drooling and salivation, muscle tremors, photophobia, and abnormal biting; fusion mode and hypersensitivity were also seen. Body temperature was 39 oC. To confirm the diagnosis of disease, brain sample was taken by the special rabies sampling device and sent to the rabies laboratory. Because rabies is suspected, to identify the rabies virus the sample was examined using Fluorescence Antibody Test (FAT) in which the observation of the oval apple-gree...
In this study, the effects of melatonin were investigated on the exosome release from bovine cumu... more In this study, the effects of melatonin were investigated on the exosome release from bovine cumulus cells after 7 days. Cells were randomly allocated into three groups as follows; Control, 0.1 nM, and 0.1 mM Met groups. The physicochemical properties of exosomes such as size and zeta potential were measured by the dynamic light scattering. Both scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to characterize exosome morphology. The effect of melatonin on cell viability was studied using an MTT assay. The expression of exosome markers like Alix, CD63, Rab27a, and Rab27b was monitored using real-time PCR analysis. We also investigated fatty acid composition by the gas chromatography method. TEM and SEM confirmed typical exosome's morphology. By increasing the concentration of melatonin, the viability of cumulus cells was significantly increased compared to the control group (p
Along with the decline in oocyte quality, numerous defects such as mitochondrial insufficiency an... more Along with the decline in oocyte quality, numerous defects such as mitochondrial insufficiency and the increase of mutation and deletion have been reported in oocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) following aging. Any impairments in oocyte mitochondrial function have negative effects on the reproduction and pregnancy outcome. It has been stated that infertility problems caused by poor quality oocytes in women with in vitro fertilization (IVF) and repeated pregnancy failures are associated with aging and could be overcome by transferring large amounts of healthy mitochondria. Hence, researches on biology, disease, and the therapeutic use of mitochondria continue to introduce some clinical approaches such as autologous mitochondrial transfer techniques. Following mitochondrial transfer, the amount of ATP required for aged-oocyte during fertilization, blastocyst formation, and subsequent embryonic development could be an alternative modality. These modulations improve the pregnancy outcome ...
The aim of this systematic review study is to summarize the current knowledge of ovarian tissue t... more The aim of this systematic review study is to summarize the current knowledge of ovarian tissue transplantation and provide insight on ovarian function, fertility and reproductive outcome following ovarian tissue transplantation. Relevant studies were identified by searching through PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ProQuest, and Scopus databases until August 2018. Ovarian function by examination of the hormonal level was evaluated, together with follicular growth, the return of menstrual cycle and assessment of reproductive consequences: pregnancy, miscarriage rates and live birth after transplantation. Studies including female patients aged between 22 and 49 years that were subjected to ovarian tissue transplantation were considered. A total of 1185 studies were identified in the primary search. Titles and abstracts were screened for assessment of the inclusion criteria. Finally, twenty-five articles met the criteria and were included in this study. In general, 70% of patients tha...
Background Exosomes may have critical roles in the maternal-embryo cross-talk for the recognition... more Background Exosomes may have critical roles in the maternal-embryo cross-talk for the recognition and maintenance of pregnancy during maternal aging. Exosomes have the capability to carry developmental signaling molecules with the ability to modulate gene expressions and affect growth and regulation of embryo during pregnancy. Systematic review aims to evaluate age-related alterations in the exosomal content and functions that can influence the reproductive performance in human and animal models as conveyors of senescence signals. Methods A literature search of electronic databases including MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, Google Scholar, WHO, SID, MAGIRAN, and Barakat will be conducted. Following the online search, articles will be screened by two independent reviewers according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eligible studies will be critically appraised by reviewers at the study level for methodological quality using Joanna Briggs Institute’s standardized critica...
Background: Infertility is a major problem worldwide. Various strategies are being used to develo... more Background: Infertility is a major problem worldwide. Various strategies are being used to develop better treatments for infertility. On trending, the strategy is stem cell therapy. In this study, the literature on stem cell therapy for ovarian disorders is summarized with analysis of current developments. Objective: Different published studies on stem cell-based therapy for the treatment of various types of ovarian insufficiency and disorders such as Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) in the affected female population in animal or human clinical studies systematically reviewed. Method: We monitored five databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and ProQuest. A comprehensive online search was done using including criteria targeting application of stem cells in animal models for menopause. Two independent reviewers carefully evaluated titles and abstracts of studies. The stem cell type, source, dosage, route of administration were highlighted in various POI animals mo...
Mesenchymal stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to divide continuously an... more Mesenchymal stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to divide continuously and tissue regeneration potential during the transplantation. Aging and loss of cell survival, is one of the main problems in cell therapy. Since the production of free radicals in the aging process is effective, the use of antioxidant compounds can help in scavenging free radicals and prevent the aging of cells. The aim of this study is evaluate the effects of L-carnitine (LC) on proliferation and aging of rat adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rADSC). rADSCs were isolated from inguinal region of 5 male Rattus rats. Oil red-O, alizarin red-S and toluidine blue staining were performed to evaluate the adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of rADSCs, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis was done for investigating the cell surface markers. The methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) method was used to determine the cell proliferation of rADSCs following exposure to different concentrations of LC. rADSCs aging was evaluated by beta-galactosidase staining. The results showed significant proliferation of rADSCs 48 h after treatment with concentrations of 0.2 mM LC. In addition, in the presence of 0.2 mM LC, rADSCs appeared to be growing faster than control group and 0.2 mM LC supplementation could significantly decrease the population doubling time and aging of rADSCs. It seems that LC would be a good antioxidant to improve lifespan of rADSCs due to the decrease in aging.
BackgroundExosomes may have critical roles in the maternal-embryo cross-talk for the recognition ... more BackgroundExosomes may have critical roles in the maternal-embryo cross-talk for the recognition and maintenance of pregnancy during maternal aging. Exosomes have the capability to carry developmental signaling molecules with the ability to modulate gene expressions and affect growth and regulation of embryo during pregnancy. Systematic review aims to evaluate age-related alterations in the exosomal content and functions that can influence the reproductive performance in human and animal models as conveyors of senescence signals.MethodsA literature search of electronic databases including MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, Google Scholar, WHO, SID, MAGIRAN, and Barakat will be conducted. Following the online search, articles will be screened by two independent reviewers according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eligible studies will be critically appraised by reviewers at the study level for methodological quality using Joanna Briggs Institute’s standardized critical appraisal tools. The extracted data from selected studies will cover the study populations, methods, current evidence about the physiological role of extracellular vesicles and exosomes in reproductive system, relevant outcomes, and possible conclusions about the effectiveness of exposure.DiscussionRegarding the role of exosomes and their cargoes in the function of reproductive tract, the possible beneficial or adverse effects following exosomal administration from younger women to older women will be evaluated in the systematic review. As a result, exosome therapy could be suggested as a novel therapeutic agent if the favorable results are identified.
Current stem cell research & therapy, Mar 26, 2020
Background: Infertility is a major problem worldwide. Various strategies are being used to develo... more Background: Infertility is a major problem worldwide. Various strategies are being used to develop better treatments for infertility and The most trending strategy is the stem cell therapy. In this study, the literature on stem cell therapy for ovarian disorders is summarized with analysis of current developments. Objective: Different published studies on stem cell-based therapy for the treatment of various types of ovarian insufficiency and disorders such as Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) in the affected female population in animal or human clinical studies are systematically reviewed. Method: We monitored five databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and ProQuest. A comprehensive online search was done using the criteria targeting the application of stem cells in animal models for menopause. Two independent reviewers carefully evaluated titles and abstracts of studies. The stem cell type, source, dosage, route of administration were highlighted in various POI animals models. Non-relevant and review articles were excluded. Outcomes: 648 published studies were identified during the initial comprehensive search process from which 41 were selected according to designed criteria. Based on our analysis, stem cells could accelerate ovarian tissues rejuvenation, regulate systemic sex-related hormones levels and eventually increase fertility rate. Conclusion: The evidence suggests that stem cell-based therapies could be considered as an alternative modality to deal with women undergoing POI.
In the current study, we investigated the regenerative effects of amniotic fluid exosomes (AF-Exo... more In the current study, we investigated the regenerative effects of amniotic fluid exosomes (AF-Exos) in a rat model for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). POI is a condition characterized by a decrease in ovarian function that can lead to infertility. We induced POI by administering cyclophosphamide (CTX) for 15 consecutive days, and then transplanted AF-Exos directly into both ovarian tissues. Four weeks later, we measured the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2), and performed histopathological evaluations using H & E and Masson’s trichrome staining. We also monitored the expression of genes related to the TGF-β signaling pathway using real-time PCR and examined the fertility rate of POI rats after AF-Exos therapy. Histological analysis showed an increase in atretic follicles and a decrease in healthy follicle count after POI induction. Four weeks post-AF-Exos intervention, the healthy follicle count increased (p < ...
Blood–brain barrier (BBB) interface with multicellular structure controls strictly the entry of v... more Blood–brain barrier (BBB) interface with multicellular structure controls strictly the entry of varied circulating macromolecules from the blood-facing surface into the brain parenchyma. Under several pathological conditions within the central nervous system, the integrity of the BBB interface is disrupted due to the abnormal crosstalk between the cellular constituents and the recruitment of inflammatory cells. Exosomes (Exos) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles with diverse therapeutic outcomes. These particles transfer a plethora of signaling molecules with the potential to modulate target cell behavior in a paracrine manner. Here, in the current review article, the therapeutic properties of Exos and their potential in the alleviation of compromised BBB structure were discussed.
Targeted therapy is a new cancer treatment approach, involving drugs that particularly target spe... more Targeted therapy is a new cancer treatment approach, involving drugs that particularly target specific proteins in cancer cells, such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) which are involved in promoting growth and proliferation, Therefore inhibiting these proteins could impede cancer progression. An understanding of RTKs and the relevant signaling cascades, has enabled the development of many targeted drug therapies employing RTK inhibitors (RTKIs) that have entered clinical applications. Here we discuss RTK structures, activation mechanisms and functions. Moreover, we cover the potential effects of combination drug therapy (including chemotherapy drugs with one RTKI or multiple RTKIs) especially for drug resistant cancers.
As a common belief, most viruses can egress from the host cells as single particles and transmit ... more As a common belief, most viruses can egress from the host cells as single particles and transmit to uninfected cells. Emerging data have revealed en bloc viral transmission as lipid bilayer-cloaked particles via extracellular vesicles especially exosomes (Exo). The supporting membrane can be originated from multivesicular bodies during intra-luminal vesicle formation and autophagic response. Exo are nano-sized particles, ranging from 40–200 nm, with the ability to harbor several types of signaling molecules from donor to acceptor cells in a paracrine manner, resulting in the modulation of specific signaling reactions in target cells. The phenomenon of Exo biogenesis consists of multiple and complex biological steps with the participation of diverse constituents and molecular pathways. Due to similarities between Exo biogenesis and virus replication and the existence of shared pathways, it is thought that viruses can hijack the Exo biogenesis machinery to spread and evade immune cell...
Background Administration of antineoplastic drugs may cause azoospermia driving to subfertility. ... more Background Administration of antineoplastic drugs may cause azoospermia driving to subfertility. Production of animal azoospermia models is essential for evaluating new treatment methods before therapeutic interventions in human setup. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of Busulfan (an anticancer drug) on some vital organs and describe the best method and appropriate dose of Busulfan to induce an animal azoospermia model. Methods Rats were randomly assigned into four groups, treatment groups received 10 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg Busulfan intraperitoneally (IP), 5 mg/kg Busulfan intratesticular (IT), and control group. Blood, bone marrow, liver, renal, and testes samples were collected for histological (H&E staining), biochemical (serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, and urea), and hematological analyses. Results Results revealed severe anemia and leukopenia in rats that received Busulfan via IP. By contrast, injection of 5 mg/kg Busulfan via IT did not cause anemia except...
Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease with an approximately global distribution and wide host range.... more Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease with an approximately global distribution and wide host range. Rabies is caused by a Lyssavirus (Rhabdoviridae) that infects the nervous system and salivary glands. In this study, an occurrence of rabies in a horse in Iran is reported. In the spring of 2014 a Kurd stallion with severe abnormal behavior was examined in the suburb of Tabriz. The history was taken and the clinical signs that were obvious consisted of: changes in behaviors such as severe aggressive mood and anxiety, ataxia, circling, severe drooling and salivation, muscle tremors, photophobia, and abnormal biting; fusion mode and hypersensitivity were also seen. Body temperature was 39 oC. To confirm the diagnosis of disease, brain sample was taken by the special rabies sampling device and sent to the rabies laboratory. Because rabies is suspected, to identify the rabies virus the sample was examined using Fluorescence Antibody Test (FAT) in which the observation of the oval apple-gree...
In this study, the effects of melatonin were investigated on the exosome release from bovine cumu... more In this study, the effects of melatonin were investigated on the exosome release from bovine cumulus cells after 7 days. Cells were randomly allocated into three groups as follows; Control, 0.1 nM, and 0.1 mM Met groups. The physicochemical properties of exosomes such as size and zeta potential were measured by the dynamic light scattering. Both scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to characterize exosome morphology. The effect of melatonin on cell viability was studied using an MTT assay. The expression of exosome markers like Alix, CD63, Rab27a, and Rab27b was monitored using real-time PCR analysis. We also investigated fatty acid composition by the gas chromatography method. TEM and SEM confirmed typical exosome's morphology. By increasing the concentration of melatonin, the viability of cumulus cells was significantly increased compared to the control group (p
Along with the decline in oocyte quality, numerous defects such as mitochondrial insufficiency an... more Along with the decline in oocyte quality, numerous defects such as mitochondrial insufficiency and the increase of mutation and deletion have been reported in oocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) following aging. Any impairments in oocyte mitochondrial function have negative effects on the reproduction and pregnancy outcome. It has been stated that infertility problems caused by poor quality oocytes in women with in vitro fertilization (IVF) and repeated pregnancy failures are associated with aging and could be overcome by transferring large amounts of healthy mitochondria. Hence, researches on biology, disease, and the therapeutic use of mitochondria continue to introduce some clinical approaches such as autologous mitochondrial transfer techniques. Following mitochondrial transfer, the amount of ATP required for aged-oocyte during fertilization, blastocyst formation, and subsequent embryonic development could be an alternative modality. These modulations improve the pregnancy outcome ...
The aim of this systematic review study is to summarize the current knowledge of ovarian tissue t... more The aim of this systematic review study is to summarize the current knowledge of ovarian tissue transplantation and provide insight on ovarian function, fertility and reproductive outcome following ovarian tissue transplantation. Relevant studies were identified by searching through PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ProQuest, and Scopus databases until August 2018. Ovarian function by examination of the hormonal level was evaluated, together with follicular growth, the return of menstrual cycle and assessment of reproductive consequences: pregnancy, miscarriage rates and live birth after transplantation. Studies including female patients aged between 22 and 49 years that were subjected to ovarian tissue transplantation were considered. A total of 1185 studies were identified in the primary search. Titles and abstracts were screened for assessment of the inclusion criteria. Finally, twenty-five articles met the criteria and were included in this study. In general, 70% of patients tha...
Background Exosomes may have critical roles in the maternal-embryo cross-talk for the recognition... more Background Exosomes may have critical roles in the maternal-embryo cross-talk for the recognition and maintenance of pregnancy during maternal aging. Exosomes have the capability to carry developmental signaling molecules with the ability to modulate gene expressions and affect growth and regulation of embryo during pregnancy. Systematic review aims to evaluate age-related alterations in the exosomal content and functions that can influence the reproductive performance in human and animal models as conveyors of senescence signals. Methods A literature search of electronic databases including MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, Google Scholar, WHO, SID, MAGIRAN, and Barakat will be conducted. Following the online search, articles will be screened by two independent reviewers according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eligible studies will be critically appraised by reviewers at the study level for methodological quality using Joanna Briggs Institute’s standardized critica...
Background: Infertility is a major problem worldwide. Various strategies are being used to develo... more Background: Infertility is a major problem worldwide. Various strategies are being used to develop better treatments for infertility. On trending, the strategy is stem cell therapy. In this study, the literature on stem cell therapy for ovarian disorders is summarized with analysis of current developments. Objective: Different published studies on stem cell-based therapy for the treatment of various types of ovarian insufficiency and disorders such as Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) in the affected female population in animal or human clinical studies systematically reviewed. Method: We monitored five databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and ProQuest. A comprehensive online search was done using including criteria targeting application of stem cells in animal models for menopause. Two independent reviewers carefully evaluated titles and abstracts of studies. The stem cell type, source, dosage, route of administration were highlighted in various POI animals mo...
Mesenchymal stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to divide continuously an... more Mesenchymal stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to divide continuously and tissue regeneration potential during the transplantation. Aging and loss of cell survival, is one of the main problems in cell therapy. Since the production of free radicals in the aging process is effective, the use of antioxidant compounds can help in scavenging free radicals and prevent the aging of cells. The aim of this study is evaluate the effects of L-carnitine (LC) on proliferation and aging of rat adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rADSC). rADSCs were isolated from inguinal region of 5 male Rattus rats. Oil red-O, alizarin red-S and toluidine blue staining were performed to evaluate the adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of rADSCs, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis was done for investigating the cell surface markers. The methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) method was used to determine the cell proliferation of rADSCs following exposure to different concentrations of LC. rADSCs aging was evaluated by beta-galactosidase staining. The results showed significant proliferation of rADSCs 48 h after treatment with concentrations of 0.2 mM LC. In addition, in the presence of 0.2 mM LC, rADSCs appeared to be growing faster than control group and 0.2 mM LC supplementation could significantly decrease the population doubling time and aging of rADSCs. It seems that LC would be a good antioxidant to improve lifespan of rADSCs due to the decrease in aging.
BackgroundExosomes may have critical roles in the maternal-embryo cross-talk for the recognition ... more BackgroundExosomes may have critical roles in the maternal-embryo cross-talk for the recognition and maintenance of pregnancy during maternal aging. Exosomes have the capability to carry developmental signaling molecules with the ability to modulate gene expressions and affect growth and regulation of embryo during pregnancy. Systematic review aims to evaluate age-related alterations in the exosomal content and functions that can influence the reproductive performance in human and animal models as conveyors of senescence signals.MethodsA literature search of electronic databases including MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, Google Scholar, WHO, SID, MAGIRAN, and Barakat will be conducted. Following the online search, articles will be screened by two independent reviewers according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eligible studies will be critically appraised by reviewers at the study level for methodological quality using Joanna Briggs Institute’s standardized critical appraisal tools. The extracted data from selected studies will cover the study populations, methods, current evidence about the physiological role of extracellular vesicles and exosomes in reproductive system, relevant outcomes, and possible conclusions about the effectiveness of exposure.DiscussionRegarding the role of exosomes and their cargoes in the function of reproductive tract, the possible beneficial or adverse effects following exosomal administration from younger women to older women will be evaluated in the systematic review. As a result, exosome therapy could be suggested as a novel therapeutic agent if the favorable results are identified.
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