The present work investigated the effects of anaerobic–aerobic durations on the simultaneous nitr... more The present work investigated the effects of anaerobic–aerobic durations on the simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal for the treatment of domestic wastewater in a sequential batch reactor (SBR).
The crystallization of struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O) is known as an effective way for recovering nutri... more The crystallization of struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O) is known as an effective way for recovering nutrients from landfill leachate (LL). Recently, several studies have been done to examine nonconventional sources of phosphorus, in order to improve the applicability of struvite technology. This study aimed at investigating the applicability of recycled fish wastes as a new source of P to recover MAP from real LL. A solution rich with P (P-solution) was extracted from fish wastes ashes, and mixed with pure magnesium oxide (MgO) before applying the resulted mixture to leachate samples. The experimental results showed reductions of different parameters; total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity and color were removed with approximate rates of around 32%, 31%, 37% and 51%, respectively. Besides, about 70% of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) was converted to struvite precipitate. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) test confirmed the presence of struvite crystals in the obtained pre...
International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 2021
Struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O, MAP) precipitation is an effective method for the pre-treatment of landf... more Struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O, MAP) precipitation is an effective method for the pre-treatment of landfill leachate. Recently, research trend is directed to introduce new sources of phosphorus (P), in or...
Textile and dyeing industries are considered as one of the main water utilizing industries and ge... more Textile and dyeing industries are considered as one of the main water utilizing industries and generate a huge amount of colored liquid effluents in their finishing and dyeing processes. In this paper, agricultural waste corncob has been chosen as a renewable source to produce activated carbon at 400 °C (corncob activated carbon, CCAC) for the removal of Procion Red MX‐5B (PR) and crystal violet (CV) from dye‐polluted effluent using a batch technique. The efficiency of CCAC in adsorbing CV and PR from the water has been carried out as a function of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, agitation, and initial concentration. The Temkin, Langmuir, and Freundlich isotherm model equations were investigated to understand the adsorption mechanism of dye molecules. The Langmuir isotherm R2 obtained was 0.9958 for CV and 0.9733 for PR. Maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 2.498 mg/g for CV and 2.86 mg/g for PR. Moreover, a pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equation with R2 value of 0.9999 was foun...
Struvite precipitation has been widely applied for the removal of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) from ... more Struvite precipitation has been widely applied for the removal of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) from wastewater. Due to the high cost of phosphorus (P) reagents, the current research trend was directed to find alternative sources of P, in order to maintain a sustainable NH4-N removal process. The current study investigated waste bones ashes as alternative sources of P. Different types of bones' ashes were characterized, in which the ash produced from waste fish bones was the highest in P content (17%wt.). The optimization of the factors affecting P extraction from ash by acidic leaching showed that applying 2M H2SO4 and 1.25 kg H2SO4/kg ash achieved the highest P recovery (95%). Thereafter, the recovered P was successfully used in struvite precipitation, which achieved more than 90% NH4-N removal and high purity struvite.
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Antibiotics are widely used in human society and are consequently found in sewage treatment plant... more Antibiotics are widely used in human society and are consequently found in sewage treatment plants. However, information regarding the fate of antibiotics in decentralised sewage treatment plants is limited. Therefore, this study monitored and compared four frequently prescribed antibiotics (ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole) in each stage of four conventional treatment plants (three extended aerations and one conventional activated sludge) and two decentralised treatment plants (two Imhoff tanks) in Johor Bahru district between December 2018 and August 2019. The findings revealed that ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole were detected in most wastewater samples, including influent, secondary effluent, final effluent and sewage sludge samples. The antibiotic concentrations in the aqueous and sludge phases ranged from 4.2 to 2690 ng/l and 1.7 to 317.4 ng/g, respectively. Ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole were effectively removed by extended aeration and conventional activated sludge plants (> 75% reduction), erythromycin was effectively removed in IT plants (> 85% reduction) and ciprofloxacin could not be removed effectively by any systems (< 30% reduction). Statistical analysis showed that the approximate relationships between the removal of antibiotics and several wastewater parameters existed. A detailed antibiotic mass flow was conducted in extended aeration and Imhoff tank plants. An estimate of 115.72 g, 202.25 g, 170.55 g and 213.21 g of ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole, respectively, were discharged annually. The mass balance analysis indicated that biodegradation was the major route for the removal of all antibiotics studied. Meanwhile, sorption was only responsible for minor removal of ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole.
Prospects of Fresh Market Wastes Management in Developing Countries, 2020
The presence of different sorts of nutrients in wastewater raises the concern on adopting effecti... more The presence of different sorts of nutrients in wastewater raises the concern on adopting effective treatment techniques, to prevent potential adverse impacts on the environment’s components, as well as to recycle nutrients for useful applications. Nitrogen is a popular nutrient that often existed abundantly in landfill leachate. Struvite (MgNH4PO4 · 6H2O, MAP) crystallization is a common technology that is widely applied for nitrogen recovery in landfill leachate, due to its high efficiency, simplicity and environmental sustainability. This chapter emphasizes the role of MAP technology in the treatment of NH4−N in landfill leachate. Moreover, the physicochemical fundamentals of MAP crystallization are explained thoroughly. In addition, the recent enhancements and related developments are discussed in detail. Besides, the contribution of MAP technology in treatment of other wastewater parameters is also discussed. In order to point out the cost-effectiveness of this technology, the options of cost saving and reduction are analyzed through this chapter.
The present work investigated the effects of anaerobic–aerobic durations on the simultaneous nitr... more The present work investigated the effects of anaerobic–aerobic durations on the simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal for the treatment of domestic wastewater in a sequential batch reactor (SBR).
The crystallization of struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O) is known as an effective way for recovering nutri... more The crystallization of struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O) is known as an effective way for recovering nutrients from landfill leachate (LL). Recently, several studies have been done to examine nonconventional sources of phosphorus, in order to improve the applicability of struvite technology. This study aimed at investigating the applicability of recycled fish wastes as a new source of P to recover MAP from real LL. A solution rich with P (P-solution) was extracted from fish wastes ashes, and mixed with pure magnesium oxide (MgO) before applying the resulted mixture to leachate samples. The experimental results showed reductions of different parameters; total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity and color were removed with approximate rates of around 32%, 31%, 37% and 51%, respectively. Besides, about 70% of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) was converted to struvite precipitate. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) test confirmed the presence of struvite crystals in the obtained pre...
International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 2021
Struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O, MAP) precipitation is an effective method for the pre-treatment of landf... more Struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O, MAP) precipitation is an effective method for the pre-treatment of landfill leachate. Recently, research trend is directed to introduce new sources of phosphorus (P), in or...
Textile and dyeing industries are considered as one of the main water utilizing industries and ge... more Textile and dyeing industries are considered as one of the main water utilizing industries and generate a huge amount of colored liquid effluents in their finishing and dyeing processes. In this paper, agricultural waste corncob has been chosen as a renewable source to produce activated carbon at 400 °C (corncob activated carbon, CCAC) for the removal of Procion Red MX‐5B (PR) and crystal violet (CV) from dye‐polluted effluent using a batch technique. The efficiency of CCAC in adsorbing CV and PR from the water has been carried out as a function of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, agitation, and initial concentration. The Temkin, Langmuir, and Freundlich isotherm model equations were investigated to understand the adsorption mechanism of dye molecules. The Langmuir isotherm R2 obtained was 0.9958 for CV and 0.9733 for PR. Maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 2.498 mg/g for CV and 2.86 mg/g for PR. Moreover, a pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equation with R2 value of 0.9999 was foun...
Struvite precipitation has been widely applied for the removal of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) from ... more Struvite precipitation has been widely applied for the removal of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) from wastewater. Due to the high cost of phosphorus (P) reagents, the current research trend was directed to find alternative sources of P, in order to maintain a sustainable NH4-N removal process. The current study investigated waste bones ashes as alternative sources of P. Different types of bones' ashes were characterized, in which the ash produced from waste fish bones was the highest in P content (17%wt.). The optimization of the factors affecting P extraction from ash by acidic leaching showed that applying 2M H2SO4 and 1.25 kg H2SO4/kg ash achieved the highest P recovery (95%). Thereafter, the recovered P was successfully used in struvite precipitation, which achieved more than 90% NH4-N removal and high purity struvite.
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Antibiotics are widely used in human society and are consequently found in sewage treatment plant... more Antibiotics are widely used in human society and are consequently found in sewage treatment plants. However, information regarding the fate of antibiotics in decentralised sewage treatment plants is limited. Therefore, this study monitored and compared four frequently prescribed antibiotics (ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole) in each stage of four conventional treatment plants (three extended aerations and one conventional activated sludge) and two decentralised treatment plants (two Imhoff tanks) in Johor Bahru district between December 2018 and August 2019. The findings revealed that ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole were detected in most wastewater samples, including influent, secondary effluent, final effluent and sewage sludge samples. The antibiotic concentrations in the aqueous and sludge phases ranged from 4.2 to 2690 ng/l and 1.7 to 317.4 ng/g, respectively. Ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole were effectively removed by extended aeration and conventional activated sludge plants (> 75% reduction), erythromycin was effectively removed in IT plants (> 85% reduction) and ciprofloxacin could not be removed effectively by any systems (< 30% reduction). Statistical analysis showed that the approximate relationships between the removal of antibiotics and several wastewater parameters existed. A detailed antibiotic mass flow was conducted in extended aeration and Imhoff tank plants. An estimate of 115.72 g, 202.25 g, 170.55 g and 213.21 g of ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole, respectively, were discharged annually. The mass balance analysis indicated that biodegradation was the major route for the removal of all antibiotics studied. Meanwhile, sorption was only responsible for minor removal of ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole.
Prospects of Fresh Market Wastes Management in Developing Countries, 2020
The presence of different sorts of nutrients in wastewater raises the concern on adopting effecti... more The presence of different sorts of nutrients in wastewater raises the concern on adopting effective treatment techniques, to prevent potential adverse impacts on the environment’s components, as well as to recycle nutrients for useful applications. Nitrogen is a popular nutrient that often existed abundantly in landfill leachate. Struvite (MgNH4PO4 · 6H2O, MAP) crystallization is a common technology that is widely applied for nitrogen recovery in landfill leachate, due to its high efficiency, simplicity and environmental sustainability. This chapter emphasizes the role of MAP technology in the treatment of NH4−N in landfill leachate. Moreover, the physicochemical fundamentals of MAP crystallization are explained thoroughly. In addition, the recent enhancements and related developments are discussed in detail. Besides, the contribution of MAP technology in treatment of other wastewater parameters is also discussed. In order to point out the cost-effectiveness of this technology, the options of cost saving and reduction are analyzed through this chapter.
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Papers by Azmi Aris