Tunisia（突尼西亞）

Gaga kska Meycow ka Tunisia, 34 00 N, 9 00 E ka gaga na nniqan. Kana ka knlbangan na o 163,610 sq km（hangan na o Tg93） (knlbanga dxgal o 155,360 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 8,250 sq km). Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 11,134,588 hiyi. Gaga Tunis ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 20 idas 3 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan. Manu ka dxgal Tunisia ga wada sugan 64.80% ka dxgal qpahan, 6.60% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 28.60% na.

Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Beji Caid Essebsi, pnaah hngkawas2014 idas 12 jiyax 31pnrajing kmlawa klwaan.

cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’

Tunisia(突尼西亞)

Tunisia Konghkwo (Kari Arapo: الجمهورية التونسية), splawa dha Tunisia, wa mniq Tudaya Afrika, mnniqan Maghreb, tunarac daya u msdalih bay Ucilung Kcka Dxral. Tunisia pa niqan ddha ssiyaw qnlhangan, wa mniq tuiwil ka Algeria (Knbbaraw ayus pnspuwan qqnlhangan ka 965km) mi wa mniq tunarac hunac ka Libya (Knbbaraw ayus pnspuwan qqnlhangan ka 460km), tudaya ini sthiyaq ka Italy. Alaw ka hangan sotu niya wa mniq tudaya Tunis su kiya u mangal hangan.

Ri-s(歷史)

Tunisia mnpusu pnyahan Cyatayki mi pusu tudu qnlhangan. Niyi mniq tudaya Afrika qnlhangan niyi pa qmnlahang Spain, Tudaya Afrika, Ucilung Kcka Dxral mi duma nniqan, wada mnbiyax bay qnlhangan Ucilung Kcka Dxral cida, so kiya ka wada balay bay mbiyax payis Roma, Cyatayki niqan bay hhangan bukung heytay Hanniba u mntxan mcbuc Roma soto. Bukuy daw tudaya Afrika tumn3 mccbu Punica daw, Cyatayki u wada ini baka mi mnRoma Konghkwo na Afrika singsng. Bukuy dungan u wada psskingal yahan qmlahang Wangtar Wangkwo, Paycanting Tikwo, Arapo Tikwo. Tunisia u bsyaqan balay yahan qmlahang Otuman Tikwo uri (Iyax diyax niyi pa splawa dha Tunisia Socng jiday). Mniq kngkawas 1881 cida, wada mquri ptrawah dxral qnlhangan, kiya wada mnpawhukwo France, kiya ka mnFrance Tunisia.

Tumn2 Mccbu Knbeyhing Qnlangan jiday, kngkawas 1940 wada ini baka ka France mi tosyang, Wesi France ka lmutuc qmlahang Tunisia, kngkawas 1942 Wesi cngcweyn u wada yahan knrmux mangal Doicu, heytay Italy ka wada knrmux mangal Tunisia mi tuhunac France, phiyu llbu bay diyax mnItaly Tunisia. Kngkawas 1943 Doicu mi Italy mnsupu mongcyun u wada pspuruq Mccbu Tunisiya. Babaw Tumn2 Mccbu Knbeyhing Qnlangan, wada tbrnahan mangal France ka Tunisia dungan.

Kngkawas 1956 idas 3 diyax 20, mniq dxral qnlhangan skkingal dukuricu cida, wada mbiyax dukuricu ka Tunusia, balay bay knpriyux hangan Tunisia Wangkwo. Rors Peyi ka wada phiyun muwaya bay mpqlahang niya, wada dhuq mangal hangan bukung qnlhangan mi knbaraw bay uka mklan biyax bukung. Kngkawas 1957 idas 7 diyax 25, wada pkla kari phiyu konghkwo, bukung mincu cuyi Hapibu Purciba ka phiyun muwaya soto, hiya u wada dmudul Tunisia Konghkwo mtmay syeyntayhwa. Kiya u 30 kngkawas ka ndanan qmlahang u kiya ka snbari lnglungan sediq na cngco, kiya uri ka Islam undo ka mtutuy maku niya, lmutuc soto ka Cain Apiting Pn Ali u wada niya plixan da, binaw wada lmutuc Purciba cuyi syeyntayhwa mupyaw, kiya u keyjay jiyuhwa.

Pn Ali mniq kcka qnlhangan muda dmudul snburah keyjay, hmuc qnlhangan icil miyah tocu. Sediq Tunisia jncyun kcka qnlhangan knkana nngalan sngcan (Tyawcng dhuq neydang saya) kndadax kngkawas 1986 na 1201 pila Amirika mkala dhuq kngkawas 2008 na 3876 pila Amirika. Kndadax kngkawas 1987 ya bay iyax 20 kngkawas, kcka qnlhangan knkana sngcan nngalan pndkanan kngkawas spuda msdalih 5% na tbyaxan niya mrana.

Iyax diyax niyi pa, wada dha splawa ‘Pnskraya Snklwiyan Tunisia’ ka mndungus bay mrana ka keyjay dha Tunisia. Kngkkawa 2009-2010 keyjay qnlangan biyax pnsung pprngawan patas knkawas ka ptura pkla, mniq biyax pnsung keyjay, snturung qnlqilan cinjong, quri so tongsin mi sinsi cisu pkdakil mi pkmalu kndusan, mniq bnkuwan kcka 133 qnlhangan u, tu1 bnkuwan ka mniq Afrika, tu40 bnkuwan ka mniq knkana qnlangan. Mniq brah Morihwa koming han pa, ana so knsdurux lnglungan ndanan seyhu (Toming kwoci kngkawas 2010 tbkuwan, tu59 bnkuwan ka Tunisia), an so spuda nniqan kndusan mita u, ida so spqita qnlhangan mtrawah kcka ka Tunisia.

Ana so kngkawas 2008 snturung qnlangan cinjong meyras beyhing u, ida ini dayi ptura bay snliqan niya quri keyjay cangyey cyeyko ka Tunisia, binaw wada smliq qqpahan mpriwaw Tunisia, maku so smriq balay sndaring qlqilan ka sntama qqpahan mpriwaw mi knkana sediq ssiyaw txtaxa niqan pnluban niya, so kiya ka wada mquri seyhu ka smriqan dha uri da. Kngkawas 2011, 1 qridin komuing seyhu Tunisia u wada hmrinas ndanan niya snbuc dqras taxa hiyi snaw mbbari niya, so niyi ka mnuda mniq kcka bungka Arapo smquri snaw u knbeyhing bay cnyaxan na. So kiya taxa snaw mbbari kiya u wada sbtan dqras babaw ici jikang daw mniq brah beyhing sapah seyhu psqama nanaq qbubur niya jisacu da. Seyhu dha cida qmita quri uuda niyi u stkuhun dha qmita muda, wana nanaq muda thdil qpahun na ka komuing qridin kiya, ini balay qqaras kana ka knhbrawan balay sediq. Mumal pkrana lmlamu sntur kari ka socyaw wangru tnualang hiya, so kiya daw pspuruq knbeyhing balay knciyuk hantay seyhu, meysa soto Cain Apiting Pn Ali muda seykinig uuda niyi, ini baka tnbyaxan kari knhbrawan sediq ka Cain Apiting Pn Ali u wada pkla kari ptalax kokomin taykay muda snbarah knbeyhing seyngkyo dungan. Binaw cida knciyuk seyhu u wada hidoyi balay, niqan ou balay nniqan ka mtdiyal kddiyax, kcka qnlhangan u wada balay so mpktakur ka cuan, uka brahan muda ka mntxan knbeyhing seyngkyo. Cain Apiting Pn Ali pa wada pkixan palax biyax sbuway congri Muhanmoto Kanusi ka rmirih, wada mlatac Tunisia, hiti balay daw qduriq Sauti Arapo da.

Binaw kngkawas 2011 idas 1 diyax 15 keyngpo ing cusi Tunisia ka pkla kari, spuda keyngpo Tunisia pnwaya tu57, hiti balay daw wada subway kokomin gikay gicyo Fuad Maybaca kndadax bawa Muhanmoto Kanusi mangal rinji rmirih soto muda biyax qpahun.

Kngkawas 2011 idas 1 diyax 17 Tunisia burah pnspuwan seyhu ka pkla kari: Kasi ka psnakan ka qnlhangan mi cngtang.

Kngkawas 2011 idas 12 diyax 12, Tunisia smalu keyngpo gikay meytaq hyo seyngkyo qndahang kongho taykay tang cusi Mongsayhu Macuki ka mburah soto.

Kngkawas 2014 idas 11 diyax 23, spuda burah keyngpo tumn1 mndungus bay waya soto seyngkyo muda, Tunisia Husngtang mpseyngkyo Peyci Kaid Aysobusi ka wada mangal. Mntxan knbeyhing seyngkyo meytaq hyo ryu u dhuq 64.6%, meytaq hyo cida uri u mndungus balay uri, seyji qnrriqu Tunisia u wada dhuq putting hiti da.

Kngkawas 2019 idas 9 diyax 19, waycyawbu Tunisia u wada so pnskluwi pkla kari, wada smdhu kari madas qnquwan qduriq ka Pn Ali u, wada mniq diyax cida mnrdang Sauti Arapo, kngkawas na cida u 83 kngkawas.

Ti-ri(地理)

Knbeyhing bay tndxral Tunisia 40% ka dxral Bbnaqi Bbuyu Sahara kiya, msngari 60% u kiya ka knmalu bay dxral, tna mniq kyapan Roma Tikwo brah na brah kongweyn 3th daw kiya ka wada mnpnyahan Cyatayki wenming. Tudaya ka tubaraw dwiyaq mi dxral dwiyaq llbu, pusu niya ka dwiyaq tudu Yatoras tunarac na lntlutuc niya; tukcka ka so dxral qlqahan, snpeyyah tuiwil mquri tnarac mridil mtqraq, tuhunac dxral qlqahan u to bay cicyeysing timu rucaw; tunarac ka bbaraw na brnux mkngahu ucilung; tuhunac u kiya ka Bbnaqi Bbuyu Sahara.

Kngkkarac(氣候)

Tudaya Tunisia mnrbawan kndnguwan misan qyuxan na Dxral Kcka Ucilung Sing knkkarac, tukcka ka Mtilux Sspriq Brnux knkkarac, tuhunac u Mtilux Bbnaqi Bbuyu kngkkarac.

Cyunsu(軍事)

Tunisia u mniq kngkawas 2008 cida niqan 27,000 hiyi sediq ka Rucyun, cwangpey u niqan 84 ka pusu mccbu Tangku mi 48 ka mclukah Tangku. 4,800 hiyi sediq ka Haycyun, niqan 25 ka asu syunroting. Kongcyun I niqan 4,000 hiyi sediq mi 100 sngari ka skoki.

Kokomin weytuy u niqan 12,000 hiyi sediq. Kngkawas 2006 wada sliqan kwohwang kawas cida GDP niya ka 1.6%.

Singcng cyuhwa(行政區劃)

1	Ayryane Sng 艾爾亞內省
2	Pacey Sng巴傑省
3	Pnarus Sng 本阿魯斯省
4	Pisayta Sng 比塞大省
5	Kapeys Sng 加貝斯省
6	Kahusa Sng 加夫薩省
7	Cyeyntupay Sng堅杜拜省
8	Kayruwan Sng 凱魯萬省
9	Kasayrin Sng 卡塞林省
10	Cibili Sng 吉比利省
11	Kahu Sng卡夫省
12	Mahotiye Sng 馬赫迪耶省
13	Manupa Sng 馬努巴省
14	Medning Sng 梅德寧省
15	Monastir Sng 莫納斯提爾省
16	Naburo Sng 納布勒省
17	Shwaks Sng 斯法克斯省
18	Sitipucid Sng 西迪布濟德省
19	Siroyanay Sng 錫勒亞奈省
20	Susay Sng蘇塞省
21	Taytawen Sng 泰塔溫省
22	Tocor Sng 托澤爾省
23	Tunis Sng 突尼斯省
24	Caykwan Sng 宰格萬省

File:CathédraleSaintVincentdePaulEtIbnKhaldoun.JPG-天主教聖文森特德保祿主教座堂

Knhbrawan hiyi sediq(人口)

Mniq kngkawas 2001 ka Tunisia u niqan 9,700,000 hiyi sediq, hmrinas 90% ka Arapo-sediq Ppo. Kngkawas 2008 cida udhuq 10,380,000 hiyi sediq.

Seyhu Tunisia u dmudul keykaku tmlaqi, so knrana hiyi sediq ryu u mlih so kawas u ini qdhuq 1%.

Kari(語言)

Kari ddiyun seyhu ka kari Arapo, binaw kari France mi kari Ingkoku u ddiyu balay uri.

Slhayan snhiyan(宗教)

Keyngpo u pkla kari Islam ka slhayan snhiyan qnlhangan. Uxay wana soto, sediq Tunisia u mtblayaq bay dmuwi biyax mtrawah snhiyan, keyngpo u qmlahang mtrawah snlhayan snhiyan ka sediq qnlhangan. Knhbrawan hiyi Tunisia u to bay (Ya bay 98%) ka Muslim, kiya mi ya bay 1% ka Kuriscyang, msngari 1% ka pskingal Yodaya kyo mi snlhayan icil.

Keyjay(經濟)

Tunisia ka Afrika pkrana balay tubaraw qnlhangan uri, quri so jnrey pkrana cusu u hmrinas 0.7, kiya mi jncyun nngalan niya u wa mniq tubrah quri Afrika. Tunisia u mttuku bay abura curung, hnran niya ka tu4 tnbkuwan knkana qnlangan, wada splawa ‘Qnlangan Abura Ccurung’, ‘Curung cu Pang’. Quri wana so cuko tnninun mi abura curung, qpahan sdhmawan rmiwaw uri ka pusu balay ungalan pila dha uri.

Ppanan rulu(交通)

Elu beyhing Tunisia pa knbbaraw niya ka 19,232 km. A1 elu beyhing (Tunisia-Msaken), P1 elu beyhing (Tunisia-Libya) mi P7 elu beyhing (Tunisia-Algeria) to bay pusu elu beyhing.

Tunisia u niqan 30 ka ppanan skoki, Tunis-Cyatayki kwoci ppanan skoki mi Monastirhapibu Purciba kwoci ppanan skoki u to bay so pusu bey ppanan skoki. Niqan 4 kojyo ppanan skoki ka Tunisia: Tunisia Ppanan Skoki, Cyatayki Ppanan Skoki, Nuwer Ppanan Skoki mi 7 Ppanan Skoki.

Ppanan kisya wangru Tunisia u snpeyyah SNCFT qmlahang, knbbaraw elu kisya u 2135km. Mniq kcka Tunisia rulu deyngki ka snpeyyah Leger ppanan kisya dxrak truma (Metro Leger) ka qmlahang.

Waycyaw(外交)

Tunisia u mnniq kngkawas 1964 idas 1 tuhuy Cyoka Jnmin Konghkwo pwaluk phiyu wacyaw dhuq saya, ini tuhuy Cyoka Minkoku pwaluk cyeyncyaw.

Pnyahan pnatas(參考資料)

CIA
外交部
Tnhjil kari seejiq Watan Diro(瓦旦吉洛) mtabug.
List of current heads of state and government