Within the ATLAs project, a concept study of a medium-range aircraft was carried out. For this pu... more Within the ATLAs project, a concept study of a medium-range aircraft was carried out. For this purpose a technology for active management of CO2 concentration in cabin air was investigated and evaluated for integration into the aircraft. Different adsorbents such as chitosan aerogels and zeolites were investigated in terms of specific adsorption capacity and density to realize the CO2 management system. Chitosan aerogels offer primary amine groups on surfaces of their nanofibrillated structure. Amine groups are known to selectively and reversibly react with CO2 via several mechanisms. Therefore chitosan aerogels were investigated as a mesoporous adsorbent made from a renewable resource. As reference material the well investigated zeolite 13X in bead form was chosen. Based on the results and insights gained, a possible system for integration into the concept of a medium-range aircraft will be presented
Concurrent engineering is a modern and very effective discipline of systems engineering. In the E... more Concurrent engineering is a modern and very effective discipline of systems engineering. In the European space domain, the European Space Agency is the pioneer in this area and has performed early design studies for 10 years now. The Integrated Design Model (IDM) is still the state of the art in concurrent engineering software environments. It is based on Microsoft Excel, which induces several benefits and drawbacks related to concurrent engineering. The German Aerospace Center has used the IDM for several design studies and has identified two promising approaches to further increase the effectiveness of the concurrent engineering software environment by using modern model driven software technologies. Both concepts were implemented, and in this paper they are compared to each other and opposed to the IDM.
Within the ATLAS project, a concept study of a medium-range aircraft was carried out. For this pu... more Within the ATLAS project, a concept study of a medium-range aircraft was carried out. For this purpose, the technology of CO2 managed cabin was investigated and evaluated for integration into the aircraft. Different filter materials such as aerogels and zeolites were investigated to realize the CO2 filter system. Aerogels offer not only the possibility to adsorb CO2 but also very good insulation properties, so this material was examined for aircraft construction. Zeolites are proven materials which are of interest due to their high adsorption capacity. Based on the results and insights gained, a possible system for integration into the concept of a medium-range aircraft will be presented
During the ongoing development of software the implemen- tation drifts away from the initial desi... more During the ongoing development of software the implemen- tation drifts away from the initial design due to the changing requirements (known as moving targets), lack of communica- tion and unforeseen diculties. This drift is unacceptable as the design represents the common picture and is the basis for further development and maintenance of the software, and should therefore only be changed after communication took place which updates this common picture. Automating con- tinuous comparison of design and implementation (resulting in model dierences ) during the development phase increases the quality of a software project. Checking continuously for model dierences and propagating them appropriately will increase the communication between the roles engaged in software projects leading to less misunderstandings and de- creasing the amount of failed software projects. Our approach detects dierences between architecture and implementation in a non-invasive manner. It initiates com- municat...
During the ongoing development of software the implementation drifts away from the initial design... more During the ongoing development of software the implementation drifts away from the initial design due to the changing requirements (known as moving targets), lack of communication and unforeseen difficulties. This drift is unacceptable as the design represents the common picture and is the basis for further development and maintenance of the software, and should therefore only be changed after communication took place which updates this common picture. Automating continuous comparison of design and implementation (resulting in model differences) during the development phase increases the quality of a software project. Checking continuously for model differences and propagating them appropriately will increase the communication between the roles engaged in software projects leading to less misunderstandings and decreasing the amount of failed software projects. Our approach detects differences between architecture and implementation in a non-invasive manner. It initiates communicatio...
With the constitution of a new institute for space systems located in Bremen, Germany, the DLR ha... more With the constitution of a new institute for space systems located in Bremen, Germany, the DLR has taken another important step towards developing complete space systems. To support the system engineering process, the DLR installed a Concurrent Engineering Facility (CEF) which is accompanied by the Virtual Satellite project. This project defines tasks, tools, and technologies for a simulation-based space systems engineering process. The major challenge is the automated generation of an SMP2 simulation, which is supported by following the model based development approach and by using a system component repository containing ready to use SMP2 models. This paper discusses the current status of the project and the gained experiences with modern simulation technologies like the SMP2 standard and related tools (SIMSAT, MOSAIC, etc). 10th International Workshop on Simulation on European Space Programmes, 7-9 October 2008, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
Der Beitrag zeigt, wie aus einer allgemeinen Systembeschreibung unter anderem ein Fault-Tree (Feh... more Der Beitrag zeigt, wie aus einer allgemeinen Systembeschreibung unter anderem ein Fault-Tree (Fehler-baum) generiert werden kann. Dazu wurde das Flugsteuerungssystem der VFW 614 ATD im PrEMISE-Format abgebildet und daraus beispielhaft der Fault-Tree fur den Verlust der Querruderkontrolle generiert. Dieser Fault-Tree wurde mit der Dokumentation aus dem Zulassungsprozess verglichen. Aus dem allgemei-nen Systemmodell lies sich der dokumentierte Fault-Tree automatisiert erzeugen.
A method of object detection of moving vehicles, by means of several in the field of view of non-... more A method of object detection of moving vehicles, by means of several in the field of view of non-overlapping cameras, comprising the following method steps: a) receiving at least two successive color images by a first camera, b) measuring or detecting the lighting conditions during recording, c) forming to detect moving objects of a difference image; d) detecting object contours and / or 3D models from the difference image and / or a color image by means of a scale space approach, and one of the synchronization of neurons in artificial or biological neural networks related approach, the next highest level of the scale space by application of a respectively broader Gaussian function is determined on the pixel level, or the underlying layer, wherein in the resulting pyramid structure of the object the boundaries of the object can be derived, further wherein a second neural network is formed in which the individual layers are formed by multiplication by a respective weighting factor, w...
Concurrent engineering is a modern and very effective discipline of systems engineering. In the E... more Concurrent engineering is a modern and very effective discipline of systems engineering. In the European space domain, the European Space Agency is the pioneer in this area and has performed early design studies for 10 years now. The Integrated Design Model (IDM) is still the state of the art in concurrent engineering software environments. It is based on Microsoft Excel, which induces several benefits and drawbacks related to concurrent engineering. The German Aerospace Center has used the IDM for several design studies and has identified two promising approaches to further increase the effectiveness of the concurrent engineering software environment by using modern model driven software technologies. Both concepts were implemented, and in this paper they are compared to each other and opposed to the IDM.
The DLR project Virtual Satellite will provide proc esses for maintaining a repository of SMP2 co... more The DLR project Virtual Satellite will provide proc esses for maintaining a repository of SMP2 componen ts. These components' behaviour shall be modelled using a gra phic l editor rather than directly coding source, a s we regard it to be more applicable for system modelling. The model shall then be transformed into an SMP2 model, in or der to benefit from platform and simulator independence. This paper discusses the transformation from differ ent model representations into a corresponding SMP2 model regarding three specific modelling approaches. As t he first approach, the tool chain of Simulink with Real-Time Workshop and MOSAIC provides a working transformati on from Simulink to SMP2 models. Regarding the transformation, some effort from the modeller is ne ed d. Next, the open object-oriented language Model ica promises advantages like better reusability and versatility. Tools like Dymola provide a graphical editor. But much development is necessary since no transformation in...
Within the ATLAs project, a concept study of a medium-range aircraft was carried out. For this pu... more Within the ATLAs project, a concept study of a medium-range aircraft was carried out. For this purpose a technology for active management of CO2 concentration in cabin air was investigated and evaluated for integration into the aircraft. Different adsorbents such as chitosan aerogels and zeolites were investigated in terms of specific adsorption capacity and density to realize the CO2 management system. Chitosan aerogels offer primary amine groups on surfaces of their nanofibrillated structure. Amine groups are known to selectively and reversibly react with CO2 via several mechanisms. Therefore chitosan aerogels were investigated as a mesoporous adsorbent made from a renewable resource. As reference material the well investigated zeolite 13X in bead form was chosen. Based on the results and insights gained, a possible system for integration into the concept of a medium-range aircraft will be presented
Concurrent engineering is a modern and very effective discipline of systems engineering. In the E... more Concurrent engineering is a modern and very effective discipline of systems engineering. In the European space domain, the European Space Agency is the pioneer in this area and has performed early design studies for 10 years now. The Integrated Design Model (IDM) is still the state of the art in concurrent engineering software environments. It is based on Microsoft Excel, which induces several benefits and drawbacks related to concurrent engineering. The German Aerospace Center has used the IDM for several design studies and has identified two promising approaches to further increase the effectiveness of the concurrent engineering software environment by using modern model driven software technologies. Both concepts were implemented, and in this paper they are compared to each other and opposed to the IDM.
Within the ATLAS project, a concept study of a medium-range aircraft was carried out. For this pu... more Within the ATLAS project, a concept study of a medium-range aircraft was carried out. For this purpose, the technology of CO2 managed cabin was investigated and evaluated for integration into the aircraft. Different filter materials such as aerogels and zeolites were investigated to realize the CO2 filter system. Aerogels offer not only the possibility to adsorb CO2 but also very good insulation properties, so this material was examined for aircraft construction. Zeolites are proven materials which are of interest due to their high adsorption capacity. Based on the results and insights gained, a possible system for integration into the concept of a medium-range aircraft will be presented
During the ongoing development of software the implemen- tation drifts away from the initial desi... more During the ongoing development of software the implemen- tation drifts away from the initial design due to the changing requirements (known as moving targets), lack of communica- tion and unforeseen diculties. This drift is unacceptable as the design represents the common picture and is the basis for further development and maintenance of the software, and should therefore only be changed after communication took place which updates this common picture. Automating con- tinuous comparison of design and implementation (resulting in model dierences ) during the development phase increases the quality of a software project. Checking continuously for model dierences and propagating them appropriately will increase the communication between the roles engaged in software projects leading to less misunderstandings and de- creasing the amount of failed software projects. Our approach detects dierences between architecture and implementation in a non-invasive manner. It initiates com- municat...
During the ongoing development of software the implementation drifts away from the initial design... more During the ongoing development of software the implementation drifts away from the initial design due to the changing requirements (known as moving targets), lack of communication and unforeseen difficulties. This drift is unacceptable as the design represents the common picture and is the basis for further development and maintenance of the software, and should therefore only be changed after communication took place which updates this common picture. Automating continuous comparison of design and implementation (resulting in model differences) during the development phase increases the quality of a software project. Checking continuously for model differences and propagating them appropriately will increase the communication between the roles engaged in software projects leading to less misunderstandings and decreasing the amount of failed software projects. Our approach detects differences between architecture and implementation in a non-invasive manner. It initiates communicatio...
With the constitution of a new institute for space systems located in Bremen, Germany, the DLR ha... more With the constitution of a new institute for space systems located in Bremen, Germany, the DLR has taken another important step towards developing complete space systems. To support the system engineering process, the DLR installed a Concurrent Engineering Facility (CEF) which is accompanied by the Virtual Satellite project. This project defines tasks, tools, and technologies for a simulation-based space systems engineering process. The major challenge is the automated generation of an SMP2 simulation, which is supported by following the model based development approach and by using a system component repository containing ready to use SMP2 models. This paper discusses the current status of the project and the gained experiences with modern simulation technologies like the SMP2 standard and related tools (SIMSAT, MOSAIC, etc). 10th International Workshop on Simulation on European Space Programmes, 7-9 October 2008, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
Der Beitrag zeigt, wie aus einer allgemeinen Systembeschreibung unter anderem ein Fault-Tree (Feh... more Der Beitrag zeigt, wie aus einer allgemeinen Systembeschreibung unter anderem ein Fault-Tree (Fehler-baum) generiert werden kann. Dazu wurde das Flugsteuerungssystem der VFW 614 ATD im PrEMISE-Format abgebildet und daraus beispielhaft der Fault-Tree fur den Verlust der Querruderkontrolle generiert. Dieser Fault-Tree wurde mit der Dokumentation aus dem Zulassungsprozess verglichen. Aus dem allgemei-nen Systemmodell lies sich der dokumentierte Fault-Tree automatisiert erzeugen.
A method of object detection of moving vehicles, by means of several in the field of view of non-... more A method of object detection of moving vehicles, by means of several in the field of view of non-overlapping cameras, comprising the following method steps: a) receiving at least two successive color images by a first camera, b) measuring or detecting the lighting conditions during recording, c) forming to detect moving objects of a difference image; d) detecting object contours and / or 3D models from the difference image and / or a color image by means of a scale space approach, and one of the synchronization of neurons in artificial or biological neural networks related approach, the next highest level of the scale space by application of a respectively broader Gaussian function is determined on the pixel level, or the underlying layer, wherein in the resulting pyramid structure of the object the boundaries of the object can be derived, further wherein a second neural network is formed in which the individual layers are formed by multiplication by a respective weighting factor, w...
Concurrent engineering is a modern and very effective discipline of systems engineering. In the E... more Concurrent engineering is a modern and very effective discipline of systems engineering. In the European space domain, the European Space Agency is the pioneer in this area and has performed early design studies for 10 years now. The Integrated Design Model (IDM) is still the state of the art in concurrent engineering software environments. It is based on Microsoft Excel, which induces several benefits and drawbacks related to concurrent engineering. The German Aerospace Center has used the IDM for several design studies and has identified two promising approaches to further increase the effectiveness of the concurrent engineering software environment by using modern model driven software technologies. Both concepts were implemented, and in this paper they are compared to each other and opposed to the IDM.
The DLR project Virtual Satellite will provide proc esses for maintaining a repository of SMP2 co... more The DLR project Virtual Satellite will provide proc esses for maintaining a repository of SMP2 componen ts. These components' behaviour shall be modelled using a gra phic l editor rather than directly coding source, a s we regard it to be more applicable for system modelling. The model shall then be transformed into an SMP2 model, in or der to benefit from platform and simulator independence. This paper discusses the transformation from differ ent model representations into a corresponding SMP2 model regarding three specific modelling approaches. As t he first approach, the tool chain of Simulink with Real-Time Workshop and MOSAIC provides a working transformati on from Simulink to SMP2 models. Regarding the transformation, some effort from the modeller is ne ed d. Next, the open object-oriented language Model ica promises advantages like better reusability and versatility. Tools like Dymola provide a graphical editor. But much development is necessary since no transformation in...
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Papers by Axel Berres