Quantum light plays a pivotal role in modern science and future photonic applications. Since the ... more Quantum light plays a pivotal role in modern science and future photonic applications. Since the advent of integrated quantum nanophotonics different material platforms based on III–V nanostructures-, colour centers-, and nonlinear waveguides as on-chip light sources have been investigated. Each platform has unique advantages and limitations; however, all implementations face major challenges with filtering of individual quantum states, scalable integration, deterministic multiplexing of selected quantum emitters, and on-chip excitation suppression. Here we overcome all of these challenges with a hybrid and scalable approach, where single III–V quantum emitters are positioned and deterministically integrated in a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor-compatible photonic circuit. We demonstrate reconfigurable on-chip single-photon filtering and wavelength division multiplexing with a foot print one million times smaller than similar table-top approaches, while offering excitation suppression of more than 95 dB and efficient routing of single photons over a bandwidth of 40 nm. Our work marks an important step to harvest quantum optical technologies’ full potential.
Single-photon detection with high efficiency, high time resolution, low dark counts and high phot... more Single-photon detection with high efficiency, high time resolution, low dark counts and high photon detection-rates is required for a wide range of optical measurements. Although efficient detectors have been reported, combining all performances in a single device remains a challenge. Here, we show a broadband NbTiN superconducting nanowire detector with an efficiency over 92%, over 150MHz photon detection-rate and dark counts below 130Hz operated in a conventional Gifford-McMahon cryostat. Furthermore, with an optimized detector and readout electronics, we reach a record low jitter of 14.80ps while maintaining high efficiency
Quantum states of light play a pivotal role in modern science and future photonic applications. W... more Quantum states of light play a pivotal role in modern science and future photonic applications. While impressive progress has been made in their generation and manipulation with high fidelities, the common table-top approach is reaching its limits for practical quantum applications. Since the advent of integrated quantum nanophotonics different material platforms based on III-V nanostructures-, color centers-, and nonlinear waveguides[4-8] as on-chip light sources have been investigated. Each platform has unique advantages and limitations in terms of source properties, optical circuit complexity, and scaling potentials. However, all implementations face major challenges with efficient and tunable filtering of individual quantum states, scalable integration and deterministic multiplexing of on-demand selected quantum emitters, and on-chip excitation-suppression. Here we overcome all of these challenges with a novel hybrid and scalable nanofabrication approach to generate quantum light on-chip, where selected single III-V quantum emitters are positioned and deterministically integrated in a CMOS compatible circuit with controlled on-chip filtering and excitation-suppression.Furthermore, we demonstrate novel on-chip quantum wavelength division multiplexing, showing tunable routing of single-photons. Our reconfigurable quantum photonic circuits with a foot print one million times smaller than similar table-top approaches, offering outstanding excitation suppression of more than 95 dB and efficient routing of single photons over a bandwidth of 40 nm, are essential to unleash integrated quantum optical technologies full potential.
We present an experimental route to engineer the exciton energies of single quantum dots in nanow... more We present an experimental route to engineer the exciton energies of single quantum dots in nanowires. By integrating the nanowires onto a piezoelectric crystal, we controllably apply strain fields to the nanowirequantum dots. Consequently, the exciton energy of a single quantum dot in the nanowire is shifted by several meVs without degrading its optical intensity and single-photon purity. Second-order autocorrelation measurements are performed at different strain fields on the same nanowirequantum dot. The suppressed multi-photon events at zero time delay clearly verify that the quantum nature of single-photon emission is well preserved under external strain fields. The work presented here could facilitate on-chip optical quantum information processing with the nanowire based single photon emitters.
Semiconductor nanowires are nanoscale structures holding promise in many fields such as optoelect... more Semiconductor nanowires are nanoscale structures holding promise in many fields such as optoelectronics, quantum computing and thermoelectrics. Nanowires are usually grown vertically on (111)-oriented substrates, while (100) is the standard in semiconductor technology. The ability to grow and to control impurity doping of <100> nanowires is crucial for integration. Here, we discuss doping of single-crystalline <100> nanowires, and the structural and optoelectronic properties of p-n junctions based on <100> InP nanowires. We describe a novel approach to achieve low resistance electrical contacts to nanowires via a gradual interface based on p-doped InAsP. As a first demonstration in optoelectronic devices we realize a single nanowire light emitting diode in a <100>-oriented InP nanowire p-n junction. To obtain high vertical yield, necessary for future applications, we investigate the effect of the introduction of dopants on the nanowire growth.
A major step toward fully integrated quantum optics is the deterministic incorporation of high qu... more A major step toward fully integrated quantum optics is the deterministic incorporation of high quality single photon sources in on-chip optical circuits. We show a novel hybrid approach in which preselected III–V single quantum dots in nanowires are transferred and integrated in silicon based photonic circuits. The quantum emitters maintain their high optical quality after integration as verified by measuring a low multiphoton probability of 0.07 ± 0.07 and emission line width as narrow as 3.45 ± 0.48 GHz. Our approach allows for optimum alignment of the quantum dot light emission to the fundamental waveguide mode resulting in very high coupling efficiencies. We estimate a coupling efficiency of 24.3 ± 1.7% from the studied single-photon source to the photonic channel and further show by finite-difference time-domain simulations that for an optimized choice of material and design the efficiency can exceed 90%.
Abstract This paper addresses a built-in-self-test (BiST) to characterize IP3 linearity of a RF r... more Abstract This paper addresses a built-in-self-test (BiST) to characterize IP3 linearity of a RF receiver front-end. A two-tone stimulus is generated by a phase-lock loop (PLL) in GHz frequency range. The PLL is designed to keep the frequency difference between the two ...
Quantum light plays a pivotal role in modern science and future photonic applications. Since the ... more Quantum light plays a pivotal role in modern science and future photonic applications. Since the advent of integrated quantum nanophotonics different material platforms based on III–V nanostructures-, colour centers-, and nonlinear waveguides as on-chip light sources have been investigated. Each platform has unique advantages and limitations; however, all implementations face major challenges with filtering of individual quantum states, scalable integration, deterministic multiplexing of selected quantum emitters, and on-chip excitation suppression. Here we overcome all of these challenges with a hybrid and scalable approach, where single III–V quantum emitters are positioned and deterministically integrated in a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor-compatible photonic circuit. We demonstrate reconfigurable on-chip single-photon filtering and wavelength division multiplexing with a foot print one million times smaller than similar table-top approaches, while offering excitation suppression of more than 95 dB and efficient routing of single photons over a bandwidth of 40 nm. Our work marks an important step to harvest quantum optical technologies’ full potential.
Single-photon detection with high efficiency, high time resolution, low dark counts and high phot... more Single-photon detection with high efficiency, high time resolution, low dark counts and high photon detection-rates is required for a wide range of optical measurements. Although efficient detectors have been reported, combining all performances in a single device remains a challenge. Here, we show a broadband NbTiN superconducting nanowire detector with an efficiency over 92%, over 150MHz photon detection-rate and dark counts below 130Hz operated in a conventional Gifford-McMahon cryostat. Furthermore, with an optimized detector and readout electronics, we reach a record low jitter of 14.80ps while maintaining high efficiency
Quantum states of light play a pivotal role in modern science and future photonic applications. W... more Quantum states of light play a pivotal role in modern science and future photonic applications. While impressive progress has been made in their generation and manipulation with high fidelities, the common table-top approach is reaching its limits for practical quantum applications. Since the advent of integrated quantum nanophotonics different material platforms based on III-V nanostructures-, color centers-, and nonlinear waveguides[4-8] as on-chip light sources have been investigated. Each platform has unique advantages and limitations in terms of source properties, optical circuit complexity, and scaling potentials. However, all implementations face major challenges with efficient and tunable filtering of individual quantum states, scalable integration and deterministic multiplexing of on-demand selected quantum emitters, and on-chip excitation-suppression. Here we overcome all of these challenges with a novel hybrid and scalable nanofabrication approach to generate quantum light on-chip, where selected single III-V quantum emitters are positioned and deterministically integrated in a CMOS compatible circuit with controlled on-chip filtering and excitation-suppression.Furthermore, we demonstrate novel on-chip quantum wavelength division multiplexing, showing tunable routing of single-photons. Our reconfigurable quantum photonic circuits with a foot print one million times smaller than similar table-top approaches, offering outstanding excitation suppression of more than 95 dB and efficient routing of single photons over a bandwidth of 40 nm, are essential to unleash integrated quantum optical technologies full potential.
We present an experimental route to engineer the exciton energies of single quantum dots in nanow... more We present an experimental route to engineer the exciton energies of single quantum dots in nanowires. By integrating the nanowires onto a piezoelectric crystal, we controllably apply strain fields to the nanowirequantum dots. Consequently, the exciton energy of a single quantum dot in the nanowire is shifted by several meVs without degrading its optical intensity and single-photon purity. Second-order autocorrelation measurements are performed at different strain fields on the same nanowirequantum dot. The suppressed multi-photon events at zero time delay clearly verify that the quantum nature of single-photon emission is well preserved under external strain fields. The work presented here could facilitate on-chip optical quantum information processing with the nanowire based single photon emitters.
Semiconductor nanowires are nanoscale structures holding promise in many fields such as optoelect... more Semiconductor nanowires are nanoscale structures holding promise in many fields such as optoelectronics, quantum computing and thermoelectrics. Nanowires are usually grown vertically on (111)-oriented substrates, while (100) is the standard in semiconductor technology. The ability to grow and to control impurity doping of <100> nanowires is crucial for integration. Here, we discuss doping of single-crystalline <100> nanowires, and the structural and optoelectronic properties of p-n junctions based on <100> InP nanowires. We describe a novel approach to achieve low resistance electrical contacts to nanowires via a gradual interface based on p-doped InAsP. As a first demonstration in optoelectronic devices we realize a single nanowire light emitting diode in a <100>-oriented InP nanowire p-n junction. To obtain high vertical yield, necessary for future applications, we investigate the effect of the introduction of dopants on the nanowire growth.
A major step toward fully integrated quantum optics is the deterministic incorporation of high qu... more A major step toward fully integrated quantum optics is the deterministic incorporation of high quality single photon sources in on-chip optical circuits. We show a novel hybrid approach in which preselected III–V single quantum dots in nanowires are transferred and integrated in silicon based photonic circuits. The quantum emitters maintain their high optical quality after integration as verified by measuring a low multiphoton probability of 0.07 ± 0.07 and emission line width as narrow as 3.45 ± 0.48 GHz. Our approach allows for optimum alignment of the quantum dot light emission to the fundamental waveguide mode resulting in very high coupling efficiencies. We estimate a coupling efficiency of 24.3 ± 1.7% from the studied single-photon source to the photonic channel and further show by finite-difference time-domain simulations that for an optimized choice of material and design the efficiency can exceed 90%.
Abstract This paper addresses a built-in-self-test (BiST) to characterize IP3 linearity of a RF r... more Abstract This paper addresses a built-in-self-test (BiST) to characterize IP3 linearity of a RF receiver front-end. A two-tone stimulus is generated by a phase-lock loop (PLL) in GHz frequency range. The PLL is designed to keep the frequency difference between the two ...
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Papers by Iman Esmaeil Zadeh