Drafts by ANJALI K U M A R I JHA
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Agritech Today , 2023
In an age when sustainable agriculture is becoming increasingly critical, innovative methods of g... more In an age when sustainable agriculture is becoming increasingly critical, innovative methods of growing food are gaining prominence. One such method is Cocoponics, a fusion of two seemingly unrelated elements – coconuts and hydroponics. Cocoponics offers a sustainable and eco-friendly way to produce food, particularly in regions with limited resources and environmental challenges. Cocoponics is also a very versatile growing method. It can be used to grow a wide variety of crops, including fruits, vegetables, herbs, and flowers. Cocoponics can be used to grow plants indoors or outdoors. It is also a good option for urban farming, as it can be used to grow plants in small spaces, such as balconies and rooftops.
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The current agricultural system is facing multiple challenges such as soil degradation, loss of b... more The current agricultural system is facing multiple challenges such as soil degradation, loss of biodiversity, climate change, and food insecurity. In response, natural and organic farming practices are gaining attention as a sustainable alternative to conventional farming methods. Ecological security is an essential component of sustainable agriculture. Natural and organic
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Dr. YSR Horticultural University , 2023
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Metabolomics in vegetables , 2023
Breeding nutraceutical vegetables with enhanced nutritional and medicinal properties is of utmost... more Breeding nutraceutical vegetables with enhanced nutritional and medicinal properties is of utmost importance in promoting healthier food options. Metabolomics is vital for understanding the chemical imprints of plants at various stages of growth and development. The largest difficulty that the world agriculture faces today is feeding an ever-increasing population with finite inputs and in a fast changing environment. Breeding procedures applying marker-assisted selection for high-yielding cultivars and selecting germplasm resistant to abiotic and biotic stressors are already in use to achieve project genetic improvements. Metabolomics, a comprehensive analysis of small molecules or metabolites within a biological system, has emerged as a powerful tool to understand the chemical composition and metabolic pathways of organisms. This review paper explores the potential of metabolomics in the breeding of nutraceutical vegetables, focusing on its application in profiling metabolites, identifying key metabolic pathways, marker-assisted selection, and quality control. By leveraging metabolomics, breeders can gain valuable insights into the metabolic basis of nutraceutical properties, facilitating the development of improved vegetable varieties with enhanced nutritional profiles.
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Pasteurization is a frequently used method in the food and beverage industry that kills germs and... more Pasteurization is a frequently used method in the food and beverage industry that kills germs and microorganisms in products to make them safe for ingestion. As a result, pasteurization is an unavoidable aspect of consumers' daily lives, while only a minority is aware of it. Heat has traditionally been employed for this purpose. This method uses a lot of energy and water, and it can harm the product's quality by destroying nutrients and vitamins while consuming a lot of energy in the heating and cooling processes. More than 130 years later, most countries still require pasteurization of milk products marketed to the public. Pasteurization is a tried-and-true procedure that has little effect on nutrients, with riboflavin (vitamin B2) being the sole vitamin that is severely depleted in the process. To overcome this depletion and massive loss of energy in this time-consuming process, and for manufacturers to get rid of spoilage bacteria without any heat treatment, resulting in a more energy-efficient alternative to pasteurization, and it leads to the creation of raslysation. Its main benefit is that it does not affect whey proteins while preserving the milk's flavor and nutritious content. It is a game-changing revolutionary technology that reduces operational expenses by substantially lowering energy and water consumption while improving product quality.
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Integrated Farming Paper , 2022
With 16.8% of the world’s population but less than 2.4% of the world’s arable land, India is conf... more With 16.8% of the world’s population but less than 2.4% of the world’s arable land, India is confronted with several challenges in agricultural development. Food security, employment, income generation, resource conservation and environmental protection have emerged as major world concerns. The achievements in increasing food grain production have been realized with high costs to natural resources and environment. Challenges of providing decent jobs, energy, sustainable cities, food security and sustainable agriculture, water and oceans management and disaster readiness need priority attention. Sustainable agricultural practices are intended to protect the environment, expand the Earth's natural resource base, and maintain and improve soil fertility. Based on a multi-pronged goal, sustainable agriculture seeks to: Increase profitable farm income. Within the sustainable agriculture framework, integrated farming system (IFS) is one approach towards transforming the idea of sustainable development from concept to reality. Execution of a series of reform measures is need to solve these problems of sustainable agriculture. The development and implementation of integrated farming systems are of special importance for a healthy management of farm resources to enhance farm productivity and reduce environmental degradation, improve
quality of life of resource poor farmers and maintain sustainability. Integrated farming system can ensure the highest standard of food production with the minimum environmental impact and improve the quality of life of farmers.
More importantly, IFS help to maintain sustainability in farm production and productivity even under highly vulnerable climatic conditions with the available resources accessible to farmer. IFS has revolutionized conventional farming of livestock, aquaculture, horticulture, agro-industry and allied activities in some countries, including India. Some of the IFS models developed, tested and found very successful in providing sustainable enhanced livelihood, especially to small and marginal farmers. Integrated farming system can ensure the highest standard of food production with the minimum environmental impact and improve the quality of life of farmers. Recycling of wastes being inbuilt in the system, this helps to reduce dependence on external high-energy inputs thus conserving natural and scarce resources.
Multiple uses of resources– multiple uses of water for the household, irrigation, dairy, poultry etc reduces cost, making farming sustainable.
IFS approach has multiple objectives of sustainability, food security, farmers security, and poverty reduction. It involves use of output of one enterprise components as inputs for other related enterprises wherever it is feasible like cow dung is used as manure in farmer field and it is mixed with crop residues to make vermi compost.
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Conference Presentations by ANJALI K U M A R I JHA
Sustainable farming methods that prioritize water conservation are vital for ensuring food securi... more Sustainable farming methods that prioritize water conservation are vital for ensuring food security, protecting ecosystems, and constructing a resilient future. Water is a valuable resource that is essential for the survival of life on our planet. Farming accounts for around 70% of global freshwater withdrawals and tends to be the lowest value use of fresh water. Water scarcity has become a major issue, especially for the agricultural sector, due to the increasing demands of a growing global population and the effects of climate change. Water conservation is an essential aspect in promoting effective resource use, environmental responsibility, and long-term food security in sustainable agriculture. Farmers may reduce their water footprint, minimize environmental impacts, and contribute to a more sustainable future by implementing water conservation techniques. Drip irrigation, alternating wet and drying, precision sprinklers, soil moisture sensors, irrigation scheduling, mulching, rainwater harvesting, crop selection and rotation are some of the most successful water conservation strategies in agriculture. Agriculture water conservation is directly related to social and economic well-being. Farmers can safeguard their livelihoods, help rural communities, and contribute to food security by maintaining the availability of water for irrigation. Furthermore, sustainable water management practices encourage innovation, technology adoption, and agricultural resilience in the face of climate change. Agriculture water conservation is critical for environmental sustainability, food security, and economic development. Farmers can optimize water consumption, protect ecosystems, and secure a sustainable future for agriculture by employing effective irrigation techniques, soil management practices, and embracing technological innovations. Implementing these water conservation strategies in agriculture not only increases crop yield and quality, and improves soil health, but also reduces water wastage contributing to the long-term survival of agricultural systems. These techniques play a vital role in promoting sustainable agriculture and ensuring food security in a water-scarce world.
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National Seminar on “Recent Developments of Scientific Research in Soil, Water and Environment” , 2023
Modern farming affects the environment in many ways, including the nutrient cycle, soil erosion, ... more Modern farming affects the environment in many ways, including the nutrient cycle, soil erosion, carbon sequestration, and many other ecological trends. Industrial and highly intensive farming methods have been the focus of agriculture for the past few decades in an attempt to provide enough food for the world's growing population. Some of the negative environmental effects linked to this type of farming are a decline in biodiversity and the farm bird index. Many farms scaled up their operations and became highly mechanized, while those that couldn't were pushed to the margins and sometimes had to abandon their property, both of which had devastating impacts on biodiversity. Organic farming is a good way to reduce the negative effects of sustainable growth on the environment and ecology. By keeping the environment's natural processes going during the recovery process and using more organic materials in farming, the negative effects on the environment can be mitigated. Organic farming may also improve the quality of food. Most of the time, artificial fertilizers, pesticides, growth hormones, and feed additives are not used in organic farming. Combining organic farming with new technologies is the best way to work around the problems and limitations of organic farming. The new methods and ways of doing things are setting new trends toward a more sustainable farming system. This improves the quality of life for many farmers and makes farming more productive in a way that is good for the environment by increasing soil fertility and conserving biodiversity from its losses.
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Progressive Horticulture Conclave , 2023
Micronutrient malnutrition is known to impact more than half of the world's population and is reg... more Micronutrient malnutrition is known to impact more than half of the world's population and is regarded as one of humanity's severest worldwide problems. Maintaining global food security is a major challenge that requires novel strategies for crop improvement. Biofortification, the practice of breeding nutrients into food crops, provides a very affordable, sustainable, and long-term method of giving more micronutrients and it plays an important role in crop improvement. Biofortification of vegetables with vitamins and micronutrients is a necessity for developing nations to combat several health difficulties in the present day. Currently, agronomic traditional plant breeding, genetic modification, and biofortification are the three most prevalent methods for vegetable crop biofortification. Conventional breeding approaches have been cumbersome and ineffective; however, new advancements in molecular and biochemical diagnostic tools and methodologies have shown promise for enhancing the nutraceutical content and other quality features. There is significant potential for molecular markers, next-generation sequencing, RNA interference (RNAi), and genetic engineering to reduce the time and expense associated with quality breeding. Numerous target trait-specific genes are accessible, allowing for the enhancement of micronutrient content in vegetables. Genome-editing technologies, such as transgenic, RNA interference, Transcriptomics, and CRISPR/Cas9, have the ability to enrich vegetables with health-promoting elements and also for removal of anti nutritional factors. These methods can be extremely useful for multiplying the levels of minerals and vitamins in various crops.
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Teaching Documents by ANJALI K U M A R I JHA
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Books by ANJALI K U M A R I JHA
TSM Publication , 2024
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Vital Biotech Publication , 2024
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Vital Biotech Publication , 2024
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Stella International Publication , 2024
Horticultural therapy is a medical model that uses living plants, their products and the natural ... more Horticultural therapy is a medical model that uses living plants, their products and the natural environment to provide evaluation therapy and rehabilitation. The therapy is advised for individuals with behavioural, emotional, physical, or educational issues. An emerging interest in establishing therapeutic gardens is witnessed in countries like USA, Canada, Europe and also in the Pacific region including countries like Japan, New Zealand and Australia the therapeutic gardens are created in such a way that they hold a variety of essential solutions for medical treatment, recovery, and other therapeutic settings. The importance of horticultural therapy is improving a person's physical and emotional health. As it encompasses a wide range of activities that can be utilised for both therapeutic and recreational objectives, horticultural therapy is also known as 'magical therapy'. The concept of horticulture therapy dates back to ancient Egypt, Hinduism, and other cultures. The American Horticultural Therapy Association is the professional society in the United States that has established educational and training standards for those wishing to practise horticultural therapy. Several studies have shown that plant-based activities have positive mental and physiological healing benefits. While horticultural therapy has not yet met the standard for evidence-based practise, it is flexible and adaptable enough to be integrated into existing scientific evidence-based therapy practises in mental healthcare. Plants and gardening activities are safe and non- threatening, making their use in therapeutic treatments appealing to people all over the world.
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Narendra Publishing House , 2024
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Integrated Publication , 2023
Flowers and ornamentals are an integral part of human life but it is highly
perishable in nature... more Flowers and ornamentals are an integral part of human life but it is highly
perishable in nature. Without post-harvest handling, it can’t store for a long
time. So, post-harvest handling is an important part of floriculture sector.
Flowers and ornamental plants have a strong relationship with pre-harvest,
post-harvest, and harvesting (harvesting stage, time, and method). It is
important to harvest flowers and ornamentals at the right time to preserve their
freshness and shelf life. Some examples include roses (at the tight bud stage),
marigolds (at the full opening stage), orchids (three to four days after the full
opening of the bloom), liliums (at the red bud stage), and others. Major
advantage of post-harvest handling is throughout the year flower supply,
farmers can get more profit, crops spoilage is low and provides employment
through post-harvest industry. Some physiological disorders are also found
during post-harvest handling such as, calyx splitting of carnation, bent neck
of rose, bud drying of lily, sleepiness of carnation, toppling of gladiolus, petal
discoloration of rose etc. After harvesting of flowers and ornamentals,
different practices should be followed for prolonged shelf life and avoid post-
harvest disorder, such as; precooling, conditioning, impregnation, pulsing,
grading, packaging, transportation, storage. Large amounts of flowers and
ornamentals cannot be consumed every day. So, export to other state or other
country is the only option. Agri-export zones have been established for this
purpose. The concept of an "agri-export zone" examines a specific produce or
product in great detail with the goal of creating and obtaining raw materials,
processing and packaging those materials, and ultimately exporting them. Agri
export's primary goal is to increase India's agricultural exports. India's central
government has approved 60 AEZs, each including roughly 40 different
agricultural products. Twenty states in the country have AEZs.
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Integrated Publication , 2023
Biodynamic comes from the Greek words for life (bios) and energy
(dynamics). In this way, biody... more Biodynamic comes from the Greek words for life (bios) and energy
(dynamics). In this way, biodynamic farming means "stimulating the forces
that generate and sustain life" (Rai and Yadav, 2005). Biodynamic farming is
distinguished by two primary features (Dengel, 2004). As a first step, farmers
can utilize special farming inputs, which are produced from a wide range of
herbal, mineral, and raw materials, then processed through a complex and
rigorous process before being applied in minute quantities to the soil and
crops. And secondly, by keeping track of natural cycles that aren't just affected
by the sun, weather, and seasons, but also the moon, planets, and stars.
Biodynamic differs from organic farming in a way that biodynamic farms aims
to become self-sufficient in compost, manure and animal feeds and moreover
an astronomical calendar is used to determine auspicious planting, cultivating
and harvesting times (Sharma, 2001). Biodynamic farming has increased the
mean yield of potato by 10.4% and 10.9%, in carrot 17.2% and 24%, in
cabbage 14.3% and 28.3% and in French bean 24.5 and 22.5% under irrigated
and rain fed conditions respectively (Selvaraj and Anita, 2006). Biodynamic
production of Cauliflower yields 42.58 t/ha, compared to the control which
yields 23 t/ha, and cabbage yields 55.16 t/ha when grown biodynamically,
compared to the organic farming method's 22.83 t/ha (Pathak and Ram, 2001).
Sustainable management of natural resources, ecological farming and the
production of non-toxic food of nutritional qualities through dynamic farming
or organic farming will have to find their way into mainstream society and
practices if these inhabitants are to survive on this planet.
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Drafts by ANJALI K U M A R I JHA
quality of life of resource poor farmers and maintain sustainability. Integrated farming system can ensure the highest standard of food production with the minimum environmental impact and improve the quality of life of farmers.
More importantly, IFS help to maintain sustainability in farm production and productivity even under highly vulnerable climatic conditions with the available resources accessible to farmer. IFS has revolutionized conventional farming of livestock, aquaculture, horticulture, agro-industry and allied activities in some countries, including India. Some of the IFS models developed, tested and found very successful in providing sustainable enhanced livelihood, especially to small and marginal farmers. Integrated farming system can ensure the highest standard of food production with the minimum environmental impact and improve the quality of life of farmers. Recycling of wastes being inbuilt in the system, this helps to reduce dependence on external high-energy inputs thus conserving natural and scarce resources.
Multiple uses of resources– multiple uses of water for the household, irrigation, dairy, poultry etc reduces cost, making farming sustainable.
IFS approach has multiple objectives of sustainability, food security, farmers security, and poverty reduction. It involves use of output of one enterprise components as inputs for other related enterprises wherever it is feasible like cow dung is used as manure in farmer field and it is mixed with crop residues to make vermi compost.
Conference Presentations by ANJALI K U M A R I JHA
Teaching Documents by ANJALI K U M A R I JHA
Books by ANJALI K U M A R I JHA
purpose. The concept of an "agri-export zone" examines a specific produce or product in great detail with the goal of creating and obtaining raw materials, processing and packaging those materials, and ultimately exporting them. Agri export's primary goal is to increase India's agricultural exports. India's central government has approved 60 AEZs, each including roughly 40 different agricultural products. Twenty states in the country have AEZs.
(dynamics). In this way, biodynamic farming means "stimulating the forces
that generate and sustain life" (Rai and Yadav, 2005). Biodynamic farming is distinguished by two primary features (Dengel, 2004). As a first step, farmers can utilize special farming inputs, which are produced from a wide range of herbal, mineral, and raw materials, then processed through a complex and rigorous process before being applied in minute quantities to the soil and crops. And secondly, by keeping track of natural cycles that aren't just affected by the sun, weather, and seasons, but also the moon, planets, and stars. Biodynamic differs from organic farming in a way that biodynamic farms aims to become self-sufficient in compost, manure and animal feeds and moreover an astronomical calendar is used to determine auspicious planting, cultivating and harvesting times (Sharma, 2001). Biodynamic farming has increased the mean yield of potato by 10.4% and 10.9%, in carrot 17.2% and 24%, in
cabbage 14.3% and 28.3% and in French bean 24.5 and 22.5% under irrigated and rain fed conditions respectively (Selvaraj and Anita, 2006). Biodynamic production of Cauliflower yields 42.58 t/ha, compared to the control which yields 23 t/ha, and cabbage yields 55.16 t/ha when grown biodynamically, compared to the organic farming method's 22.83 t/ha (Pathak and Ram, 2001). Sustainable management of natural resources, ecological farming and the production of non-toxic food of nutritional qualities through dynamic farming or organic farming will have to find their way into mainstream society and practices if these inhabitants are to survive on this planet.
quality of life of resource poor farmers and maintain sustainability. Integrated farming system can ensure the highest standard of food production with the minimum environmental impact and improve the quality of life of farmers.
More importantly, IFS help to maintain sustainability in farm production and productivity even under highly vulnerable climatic conditions with the available resources accessible to farmer. IFS has revolutionized conventional farming of livestock, aquaculture, horticulture, agro-industry and allied activities in some countries, including India. Some of the IFS models developed, tested and found very successful in providing sustainable enhanced livelihood, especially to small and marginal farmers. Integrated farming system can ensure the highest standard of food production with the minimum environmental impact and improve the quality of life of farmers. Recycling of wastes being inbuilt in the system, this helps to reduce dependence on external high-energy inputs thus conserving natural and scarce resources.
Multiple uses of resources– multiple uses of water for the household, irrigation, dairy, poultry etc reduces cost, making farming sustainable.
IFS approach has multiple objectives of sustainability, food security, farmers security, and poverty reduction. It involves use of output of one enterprise components as inputs for other related enterprises wherever it is feasible like cow dung is used as manure in farmer field and it is mixed with crop residues to make vermi compost.
purpose. The concept of an "agri-export zone" examines a specific produce or product in great detail with the goal of creating and obtaining raw materials, processing and packaging those materials, and ultimately exporting them. Agri export's primary goal is to increase India's agricultural exports. India's central government has approved 60 AEZs, each including roughly 40 different agricultural products. Twenty states in the country have AEZs.
(dynamics). In this way, biodynamic farming means "stimulating the forces
that generate and sustain life" (Rai and Yadav, 2005). Biodynamic farming is distinguished by two primary features (Dengel, 2004). As a first step, farmers can utilize special farming inputs, which are produced from a wide range of herbal, mineral, and raw materials, then processed through a complex and rigorous process before being applied in minute quantities to the soil and crops. And secondly, by keeping track of natural cycles that aren't just affected by the sun, weather, and seasons, but also the moon, planets, and stars. Biodynamic differs from organic farming in a way that biodynamic farms aims to become self-sufficient in compost, manure and animal feeds and moreover an astronomical calendar is used to determine auspicious planting, cultivating and harvesting times (Sharma, 2001). Biodynamic farming has increased the mean yield of potato by 10.4% and 10.9%, in carrot 17.2% and 24%, in
cabbage 14.3% and 28.3% and in French bean 24.5 and 22.5% under irrigated and rain fed conditions respectively (Selvaraj and Anita, 2006). Biodynamic production of Cauliflower yields 42.58 t/ha, compared to the control which yields 23 t/ha, and cabbage yields 55.16 t/ha when grown biodynamically, compared to the organic farming method's 22.83 t/ha (Pathak and Ram, 2001). Sustainable management of natural resources, ecological farming and the production of non-toxic food of nutritional qualities through dynamic farming or organic farming will have to find their way into mainstream society and practices if these inhabitants are to survive on this planet.
efficiency, fertilizer waste, and cultivation costs. Nano-fertilizers match crop growth stages and give nutrients throughout crop growth in precision agriculture. Nano-fertilizers maximize crop growth. Nutrient toxicity may
limit crop development at higher concentrations. Nano-fertilizers boost photosynthesis, dry matter, and crop output by increasing metabolic response surface area. It also prevents plant stress. Indian agriculture requires
pesticides. These chemicals' higher per-hectare dosages create environmental
and health hazards. So, to overcome this problem, through the science of Nanotechnology, scientists have created nanopesticides. Nanotechnology is multifaceted and could transform technology. Nanotechnology is any engineered material, structure, or system at 100 nanometers or less. Nanoparticles respond differently from bulk materials with same chemical composition due to their nanoscale. Atomic strength gives nanopesticides
unique physical, biological, and chemical attributes. These compounds have nanocarrier molecules or active ingredients. Nanoemulsions,
nanosuspensions, nanoencapsulation, and nanoparticles have been developed by researchers. The tiny chemicals spread better on the pest and host than
conventional pesticides due to their size. Nano pesticides drastically minimize
chemical insecticide dosage. Nanoparticles can kill cells through biological
membranes. Thus, nanotechnology in nanopesticide creation is one of the
finest ways to solve the shortcomings of conventional insecticides.
vegetables, yet most of its population is deprived of its daily requirement of fruits and vegetables. The estimated losses in fruits and vegetables are higher and reached from 30 to 40 per cent. And only 2% of total production of fruits and vegetables are processed in our country. These percentages are not acceptable and adversely affect the Indian economy. A variety of strategies are suggested to reduce the losses of fruits and vegetables. Processing of fruits and vegetables has been practiced since a long time. This serves a number of purposes such as making the produce available in off season, reducing transportation and storage costs, enhancing shelf life, value addition and of course reduction in postharvest losses. A range of initiatives are made to reduce these losses through the use of appropriate post-harvest management measures. Cleaning, washing, disinfecting, drying, packaging, and storing are all examples. There are several methods of preservation of foods and processing of fruits and vegetables for value addition and to increase shelf life.
Thus, processing is of great importance in the fruit and vegetable sector, as it not only increases marketing opportunities, but also adds value and reduces post-harvest losses.