The widespread invasive Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, a vector of Dengue, Chikungun... more The widespread invasive Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, a vector of Dengue, Chikungunya and other arboviruses were discovered in Caracas (Venezuela) in 2009 and, separately in Colombia (Leticia 1998, Buenaventura 2001 and Cali 2007). The possible geographic origins were examined using mtDNA sequences NADH 5 (ND5). Sequences were aligned with those from GenBank. Venezuelan populations contained both unique (H14) and Asian-native haplotypes (H3), while the Colombian populations contain one unique (H15) and two common haplotypes (H1, H11) shared with the Brazilian, Hawaian, and Cameroon populations. Haplotype network analyses suggested: 1) Independent introduction into both countries; 2) two independent invasions into Colombia: from the Amazon River (H1) with evidence of founder effect or genetic bottleneck in Leticia, and, another via the Pacific port of Buenaventura from Hawaii (H11); 3) introduction to Venezuela directly from any Asian native range. Potential factors lea...
Two new records of Sabethes mosquitoes (Culicidae: Nematocera) are reported for Ecuador with the ... more Two new records of Sabethes mosquitoes (Culicidae: Nematocera) are reported for Ecuador with the respective extension of their geographical distribution in the Neotropics: Sabethes intermedius Lutz and Sabethes soperi Lane & Cerqueira, from the provinces of Napo (Amazon) into the Natural Reserve of Colonso-Chalupas at 1,200 m altitude, beside Tena city, Ecuador. Both species are considered as potential vectors of sylvatic Yellow Fever virus and Mayaro virus. Information on collection locality and date, biogeographical region and climate, number of specimens deposited, collectors and the current distribution are included for each species. With these records, the alpha diversity of Culicidae of Ecuador is estimated for 240 species.
1 Centro Internacional de Zoonosis (CIZ), Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE), Quito, Ecuador. ... more 1 Centro Internacional de Zoonosis (CIZ), Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE), Quito, Ecuador. 2 Escuela Superior Politécnica del Ejercito (ESPE). Carrera Ing. en Biotecnología, Quito, Ecuador. 3 Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Laboratorio de Biología de Vectores, Centro de Ecología y Evolución, Fac. Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. 4 Proyecto Prometeo-Senescyt.
1 Escuela de Malariologia y Saneamiento Ambiental “Dr. Arnoldo Gabaldon” 2 Instituto de Investiga... more 1 Escuela de Malariologia y Saneamiento Ambiental “Dr. Arnoldo Gabaldon” 2 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad de Carabobo 3 Centro Amazonico de Investigacion y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales “Simon Bolivar” 4 Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Endemicas y Salud Ambiental, Servicio Autonomo Instituto de Altos Estudios “Dr. Arnoldo Gabaldon” 5 Instituto Nacional de Higiene “Rafael Rangel” 6 Instituto de Zoologia y Ecologia Tropical, Universidad Central deVenezuela
New records of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are reported for Ecuador with the extension of the... more New records of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are reported for Ecuador with the extension of their geographical distribution in South America: Aedes (Howardina) fulvithorax (Lutz) in a bromeliad and Culex (Culex) stenolepis Dyar & Knab in a ground pool with vegetation, in the province of Napo (Amazon) and the crater of the volcano Pululaha (Province of Pichincha) respectively. Information on collection localities, dates, biogeographical region, climate, number of specimens deposited, collectors, and current distribution is included for each species. With these records, the alpha diversity of the Culicidae of Ecuador is estimated at 242 species.
Introduccion. En 2005 se detectaron en una zona rural del Estado Portuguesa, Venezuela, casos de ... more Introduccion. En 2005 se detectaron en una zona rural del Estado Portuguesa, Venezuela, casos de Fiebre Amarilla (FA) en humanos confirmados por aislamiento viral. El brote se asocio a la intromision de campesinos al bosque donde se asume que circula el virus en forma enzootica. Sin embargo, este tipo de diagnostico resulta impreciso, ya que hoy dia, producto del urbanismo el contacto hombre-vector-hospedador autoctono se ha incrementado, a la vez que se ha observado una expansion del habitat de vectores urbanos. En el caso de la FA, esto supondria una revision en la manera de abodar el problema en cuanto a la determinacion del vector involucrado (urbano o selvatico-rural), lo cual es vital para desarrollar medidas preventivas y de control. Objetivo. Evaluar en forma rapida la entomofauna y la distribucion espacio-temporal de vectores de la familia Culicidae asociada a un foco de FA y estimar su implicacion en la transmision del virus de FA y otros patogenos. Materiales y Metodos. S...
Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus is a mosquito native to Southeast Asia. Currently, it has a wide dis... more Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus is a mosquito native to Southeast Asia. Currently, it has a wide distribution in America where natural infection with arboviruses of medical and veterinary importance has been reported. In spite of their importance in the transmission of endemic arbovirus, basic information of parameters affecting their vectorial capacity is poorly investigated. The aim of the work was to update the distribution range of Ae. albopictus in the Americas, review the blood-feeding patterns and compare the minimum infection rate (MIR) of the dengue virus (DENV) between studies of vertical and horizontal transmission. The current distribution of Ae. albopictus encompasses 21 countries in the Americas. Extensive review has been conducted for the blood-feeding patterns of Ae. albopictus. The results suggest that the mosquito is capable of feeding on 16 species of mammals and five species of avian. Humans, dogs, and rats are the most common host. Eight arboviruses with the potent...
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo, Jan 20, 2018
Aedes aegypti is the vector of the arboviruses causing dengue, chikungunya and zika infections in... more Aedes aegypti is the vector of the arboviruses causing dengue, chikungunya and zika infections in Mexico. However, its presence in public places has not been fully evaluated. In a cemetery from Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, the productivity of Ae. aegypti, the gonotrophic cycle, and the presence of Ae. aegypti females infected with arboviruses were evaluated. Immature and adult mosquitoes were inspected every two months between April 2016 to June 2017. For the gonotrophic cycle length, the daily pattern of total and parous female ratio was registered and was analyzed using time series analysis. Ae. aegypti females were sorted into pools and assayed for flavivirus RNA by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Aedes aegypti immatures represented 82.86% (8,627/10,411) of the collection. In total, 1,648 Ae. aegypti females were sorted into 166 pools. Two pools were positive; one for dengue virus (DENV-1) and the other for zika virus (ZIKV). The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the DENV-1 is more c...
Leishmaniasis is a common tropical disease that affects mainly poor people in underdeveloped and ... more Leishmaniasis is a common tropical disease that affects mainly poor people in underdeveloped and developing countries. This largely neglected infection is caused by Leishmania spp, a parasite from the Trypanosomatidae family. This parasitic disease has different clinical manifestations, ranging from localized cutaneous to more harmful visceral forms. The main limitations of the current treatments are their high cost, toxicity, lack of specificity, and long duration. Efforts to improve treatments are necessary to deal with this infectious disease. Many approved drugs to combat diseases as diverse as cancer, bacterial, or viral infections take advantage of specific features of the causing agent or of the disease. Recent evidence indicates that the specific characteristics of the Trypanosomatidae replication and repair machineries could be used as possible targets for the development of new treatments. Here, we review in detail the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication and repair reg...
Tapeworms Taenia solium and Taenia saginata are the causative agents of taeniasis/cysticercosis. ... more Tapeworms Taenia solium and Taenia saginata are the causative agents of taeniasis/cysticercosis. These are diseases with high medical and veterinary importance due to their impact on public health and rural economy in tropical countries. The re-emergence of T. solium as a result of human migration, the economic burden affecting livestock industry, and the large variability of symptoms in several human cysticercosis, encourage studies on genetic diversity, and the identification of these parasites with molecular phylogenetic tools. Samples collected from the Ecuadorian provinces: Loja, Guayas, Manabí, Tungurahua (South), and Imbabura, Pichincha (North) from 2000 to 2012 were performed under Maximum Parsimony analyses and haplotype networks using partial sequences of mitochondrial DNA, cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and NADH subunit I (NDI), from Genbank and own sequences of Taenia solium and Taenia saginata from Ecuador. Both species have shown reciprocal monophyly, which confirm...
Se realizó un análisis de la morfología y quetotaxia de la larva del cuarto instar de diferentes ... more Se realizó un análisis de la morfología y quetotaxia de la larva del cuarto instar de diferentes especies de Lutzomyia França. De acuerdo a su origen evolutivo (región procefálica y gnatal) se propone una numeración y nomenclatura para las setas cefálicas. Esta separación estructural evolutiva permite establecer un patrón morfológico basado en caracteres homólogos y una interpretación funcional de las piezas bucales.
Two new records of Sabethes mosquitoes (Culicidae: Nematocera) are reported for Ecuador with the ... more Two new records of Sabethes mosquitoes (Culicidae: Nematocera) are reported for Ecuador with the respective extension of their geographical distribution in the Neotropics: Sabethes intermedius Lutz and Sabethes soperi Lane & Cerqueira, from the provinces of Napo (Amazon) into the Natural Reserve of Colonso-Chalupas at 1,200 m altitude, beside Tena city, Ecuador. Both species are considered as potential vectors of sylvatic Yellow Fever virus and Mayaro virus. Information on collection locality and date, biogeographical region and climate, number of specimens deposited, collectors and the current distribution are included for each species. With these records, the alpha diversity of Culicidae of Ecuador is estimated for 240 species.
The widespread invasive Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, a vector of Dengue, Chikungun... more The widespread invasive Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, a vector of Dengue, Chikungunya and other arboviruses were discovered in Caracas (Venezuela) in 2009 and, separately in Colombia (Leticia 1998, Buenaventura 2001 and Cali 2007). The possible geographic origins were examined using mtDNA sequences NADH 5 (ND5). Sequences were aligned with those from GenBank. Venezuelan populations contained both unique (H14) and Asian-native haplotypes (H3), while the Colombian populations contain one unique (H15) and two common haplotypes (H1, H11) shared with the Brazilian, Hawaian, and Cameroon populations. Haplotype network analyses suggested: 1) Independent introduction into both countries; 2) two independent invasions into Colombia: from the Amazon River (H1) with evidence of founder effect or genetic bottleneck in Leticia, and, another via the Pacific port of Buenaventura from Hawaii (H11); 3) introduction to Venezuela directly from any Asian native range. Potential factors lea...
Two new records of Sabethes mosquitoes (Culicidae: Nematocera) are reported for Ecuador with the ... more Two new records of Sabethes mosquitoes (Culicidae: Nematocera) are reported for Ecuador with the respective extension of their geographical distribution in the Neotropics: Sabethes intermedius Lutz and Sabethes soperi Lane & Cerqueira, from the provinces of Napo (Amazon) into the Natural Reserve of Colonso-Chalupas at 1,200 m altitude, beside Tena city, Ecuador. Both species are considered as potential vectors of sylvatic Yellow Fever virus and Mayaro virus. Information on collection locality and date, biogeographical region and climate, number of specimens deposited, collectors and the current distribution are included for each species. With these records, the alpha diversity of Culicidae of Ecuador is estimated for 240 species.
1 Centro Internacional de Zoonosis (CIZ), Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE), Quito, Ecuador. ... more 1 Centro Internacional de Zoonosis (CIZ), Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE), Quito, Ecuador. 2 Escuela Superior Politécnica del Ejercito (ESPE). Carrera Ing. en Biotecnología, Quito, Ecuador. 3 Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Laboratorio de Biología de Vectores, Centro de Ecología y Evolución, Fac. Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. 4 Proyecto Prometeo-Senescyt.
1 Escuela de Malariologia y Saneamiento Ambiental “Dr. Arnoldo Gabaldon” 2 Instituto de Investiga... more 1 Escuela de Malariologia y Saneamiento Ambiental “Dr. Arnoldo Gabaldon” 2 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad de Carabobo 3 Centro Amazonico de Investigacion y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales “Simon Bolivar” 4 Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Endemicas y Salud Ambiental, Servicio Autonomo Instituto de Altos Estudios “Dr. Arnoldo Gabaldon” 5 Instituto Nacional de Higiene “Rafael Rangel” 6 Instituto de Zoologia y Ecologia Tropical, Universidad Central deVenezuela
New records of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are reported for Ecuador with the extension of the... more New records of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are reported for Ecuador with the extension of their geographical distribution in South America: Aedes (Howardina) fulvithorax (Lutz) in a bromeliad and Culex (Culex) stenolepis Dyar & Knab in a ground pool with vegetation, in the province of Napo (Amazon) and the crater of the volcano Pululaha (Province of Pichincha) respectively. Information on collection localities, dates, biogeographical region, climate, number of specimens deposited, collectors, and current distribution is included for each species. With these records, the alpha diversity of the Culicidae of Ecuador is estimated at 242 species.
Introduccion. En 2005 se detectaron en una zona rural del Estado Portuguesa, Venezuela, casos de ... more Introduccion. En 2005 se detectaron en una zona rural del Estado Portuguesa, Venezuela, casos de Fiebre Amarilla (FA) en humanos confirmados por aislamiento viral. El brote se asocio a la intromision de campesinos al bosque donde se asume que circula el virus en forma enzootica. Sin embargo, este tipo de diagnostico resulta impreciso, ya que hoy dia, producto del urbanismo el contacto hombre-vector-hospedador autoctono se ha incrementado, a la vez que se ha observado una expansion del habitat de vectores urbanos. En el caso de la FA, esto supondria una revision en la manera de abodar el problema en cuanto a la determinacion del vector involucrado (urbano o selvatico-rural), lo cual es vital para desarrollar medidas preventivas y de control. Objetivo. Evaluar en forma rapida la entomofauna y la distribucion espacio-temporal de vectores de la familia Culicidae asociada a un foco de FA y estimar su implicacion en la transmision del virus de FA y otros patogenos. Materiales y Metodos. S...
Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus is a mosquito native to Southeast Asia. Currently, it has a wide dis... more Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus is a mosquito native to Southeast Asia. Currently, it has a wide distribution in America where natural infection with arboviruses of medical and veterinary importance has been reported. In spite of their importance in the transmission of endemic arbovirus, basic information of parameters affecting their vectorial capacity is poorly investigated. The aim of the work was to update the distribution range of Ae. albopictus in the Americas, review the blood-feeding patterns and compare the minimum infection rate (MIR) of the dengue virus (DENV) between studies of vertical and horizontal transmission. The current distribution of Ae. albopictus encompasses 21 countries in the Americas. Extensive review has been conducted for the blood-feeding patterns of Ae. albopictus. The results suggest that the mosquito is capable of feeding on 16 species of mammals and five species of avian. Humans, dogs, and rats are the most common host. Eight arboviruses with the potent...
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo, Jan 20, 2018
Aedes aegypti is the vector of the arboviruses causing dengue, chikungunya and zika infections in... more Aedes aegypti is the vector of the arboviruses causing dengue, chikungunya and zika infections in Mexico. However, its presence in public places has not been fully evaluated. In a cemetery from Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, the productivity of Ae. aegypti, the gonotrophic cycle, and the presence of Ae. aegypti females infected with arboviruses were evaluated. Immature and adult mosquitoes were inspected every two months between April 2016 to June 2017. For the gonotrophic cycle length, the daily pattern of total and parous female ratio was registered and was analyzed using time series analysis. Ae. aegypti females were sorted into pools and assayed for flavivirus RNA by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Aedes aegypti immatures represented 82.86% (8,627/10,411) of the collection. In total, 1,648 Ae. aegypti females were sorted into 166 pools. Two pools were positive; one for dengue virus (DENV-1) and the other for zika virus (ZIKV). The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the DENV-1 is more c...
Leishmaniasis is a common tropical disease that affects mainly poor people in underdeveloped and ... more Leishmaniasis is a common tropical disease that affects mainly poor people in underdeveloped and developing countries. This largely neglected infection is caused by Leishmania spp, a parasite from the Trypanosomatidae family. This parasitic disease has different clinical manifestations, ranging from localized cutaneous to more harmful visceral forms. The main limitations of the current treatments are their high cost, toxicity, lack of specificity, and long duration. Efforts to improve treatments are necessary to deal with this infectious disease. Many approved drugs to combat diseases as diverse as cancer, bacterial, or viral infections take advantage of specific features of the causing agent or of the disease. Recent evidence indicates that the specific characteristics of the Trypanosomatidae replication and repair machineries could be used as possible targets for the development of new treatments. Here, we review in detail the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication and repair reg...
Tapeworms Taenia solium and Taenia saginata are the causative agents of taeniasis/cysticercosis. ... more Tapeworms Taenia solium and Taenia saginata are the causative agents of taeniasis/cysticercosis. These are diseases with high medical and veterinary importance due to their impact on public health and rural economy in tropical countries. The re-emergence of T. solium as a result of human migration, the economic burden affecting livestock industry, and the large variability of symptoms in several human cysticercosis, encourage studies on genetic diversity, and the identification of these parasites with molecular phylogenetic tools. Samples collected from the Ecuadorian provinces: Loja, Guayas, Manabí, Tungurahua (South), and Imbabura, Pichincha (North) from 2000 to 2012 were performed under Maximum Parsimony analyses and haplotype networks using partial sequences of mitochondrial DNA, cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and NADH subunit I (NDI), from Genbank and own sequences of Taenia solium and Taenia saginata from Ecuador. Both species have shown reciprocal monophyly, which confirm...
Se realizó un análisis de la morfología y quetotaxia de la larva del cuarto instar de diferentes ... more Se realizó un análisis de la morfología y quetotaxia de la larva del cuarto instar de diferentes especies de Lutzomyia França. De acuerdo a su origen evolutivo (región procefálica y gnatal) se propone una numeración y nomenclatura para las setas cefálicas. Esta separación estructural evolutiva permite establecer un patrón morfológico basado en caracteres homólogos y una interpretación funcional de las piezas bucales.
Two new records of Sabethes mosquitoes (Culicidae: Nematocera) are reported for Ecuador with the ... more Two new records of Sabethes mosquitoes (Culicidae: Nematocera) are reported for Ecuador with the respective extension of their geographical distribution in the Neotropics: Sabethes intermedius Lutz and Sabethes soperi Lane & Cerqueira, from the provinces of Napo (Amazon) into the Natural Reserve of Colonso-Chalupas at 1,200 m altitude, beside Tena city, Ecuador. Both species are considered as potential vectors of sylvatic Yellow Fever virus and Mayaro virus. Information on collection locality and date, biogeographical region and climate, number of specimens deposited, collectors and the current distribution are included for each species. With these records, the alpha diversity of Culicidae of Ecuador is estimated for 240 species.
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