The tautog (Tautoga onitis) is one of two temperate labrid species commonly inhabiting the coasta... more The tautog (Tautoga onitis) is one of two temperate labrid species commonly inhabiting the coastal marine and estuarine waters of the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States. Although the species range extends from the outer coast of Nova Scotia to Georgia, tautog are most abundant from Cape Cod to Chesa- peake Bay (Bigelow and Schroeder, 1953). They are generally found in high relief, reefl ike habitats such as those associated with jetties, break-
The Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) exhibits a circumpolar distribution in coastal wat... more The Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) exhibits a circumpolar distribution in coastal waters south of the Antarctic Polar Front. For a preliminary evaluation of global population structure in this species, we examined four mitochondrial regions and 13 nuclear gene fragments in samples from four CCAMLR Subareas in the Southern Ocean (Australian Antarctic Territory (Subarea 58.4.2), Ross Dependency (Subareas 88.1 and 88.2) and the South Shetland Islands (Subarea 48.1). Significant genetic differentiation within and among locations was observed for both mitochondrial and nuclear loci. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers developed here will be useful for more extensive analyses of population structure in this species.
Species of the scyphozoan family Pelagiidae (e.g., Pelagia noctiluca, Chrysaora quinquecirrha) ar... more Species of the scyphozoan family Pelagiidae (e.g., Pelagia noctiluca, Chrysaora quinquecirrha) are well-known for impacting fisheries, aquaculture, and tourism, especially for the painful sting they can inflict on swimmers. However, historical taxonomic uncertainty at the genus (e.g., new genus Mawia) and species levels hinders progress in studying their biology and evolutionary adaptations that make them nuisance species, as well as ability to understand and/or mitigate their ecological and economic impacts. We collected nuclear (28S rDNA) and mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase I and 16S rDNA) sequence data from individuals of all four pelagiid genera, including 11 of 13 currently recognized species of Chrysaora. To examine species boundaries in the U.S. Atlantic sea nettle Chrysaora quinquecirrha, specimens were included from its entire range along the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts, with representatives also examined morphologically (macromorphology and cnidome). Phylog...
Numerous attempts have been made to restore the declining California abalone fisheries by outplan... more Numerous attempts have been made to restore the declining California abalone fisheries by outplanting of hatchery-produced seed. Poor survival of planted seed has been generally attributed to predation and emigration, lessening enthusiasm for reseeding efforts. We present ...
Eighteen microsatellite markers were developed for the Crassostrea virginica nuclear genome, incl... more Eighteen microsatellite markers were developed for the Crassostrea virginica nuclear genome, including di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide microsatellite repeat regions that included perfect, imperfect, and compound repeat sequences. A reference panel with DNA from the parents and four progeny of 10 full-sib families was used for a preliminary confirmation of polymorphism at these loci and indications of null alleles. Null alleles were discovered at three loci; in two instances, primer redesign enabled their amplification. Two to five representative alleles from each locus were sequenced to ensure that the targeted loci were amplifying. The sequence analysis revealed not only variation in the number of simple sequence repeat units, but also polymorphisms in the microsatellite flanking regions. A total of 3626 bp of combined microsatellite flanking region from the 18 loci was examined, revealing indels as well as nucleotide site substitutions. Overall, 16 indels and 146 substitutions were...
The tautog (Tautoga onitis) is one of two temperate labrid species commonly inhabiting the coasta... more The tautog (Tautoga onitis) is one of two temperate labrid species commonly inhabiting the coastal marine and estuarine waters of the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States. Although the species range extends from the outer coast of Nova Scotia to Georgia, tautog are most abundant from Cape Cod to Chesa- peake Bay (Bigelow and Schroeder, 1953). They are generally found in high relief, reefl ike habitats such as those associated with jetties, break-
The Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) exhibits a circumpolar distribution in coastal wat... more The Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) exhibits a circumpolar distribution in coastal waters south of the Antarctic Polar Front. For a preliminary evaluation of global population structure in this species, we examined four mitochondrial regions and 13 nuclear gene fragments in samples from four CCAMLR Subareas in the Southern Ocean (Australian Antarctic Territory (Subarea 58.4.2), Ross Dependency (Subareas 88.1 and 88.2) and the South Shetland Islands (Subarea 48.1). Significant genetic differentiation within and among locations was observed for both mitochondrial and nuclear loci. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers developed here will be useful for more extensive analyses of population structure in this species.
Species of the scyphozoan family Pelagiidae (e.g., Pelagia noctiluca, Chrysaora quinquecirrha) ar... more Species of the scyphozoan family Pelagiidae (e.g., Pelagia noctiluca, Chrysaora quinquecirrha) are well-known for impacting fisheries, aquaculture, and tourism, especially for the painful sting they can inflict on swimmers. However, historical taxonomic uncertainty at the genus (e.g., new genus Mawia) and species levels hinders progress in studying their biology and evolutionary adaptations that make them nuisance species, as well as ability to understand and/or mitigate their ecological and economic impacts. We collected nuclear (28S rDNA) and mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase I and 16S rDNA) sequence data from individuals of all four pelagiid genera, including 11 of 13 currently recognized species of Chrysaora. To examine species boundaries in the U.S. Atlantic sea nettle Chrysaora quinquecirrha, specimens were included from its entire range along the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts, with representatives also examined morphologically (macromorphology and cnidome). Phylog...
Numerous attempts have been made to restore the declining California abalone fisheries by outplan... more Numerous attempts have been made to restore the declining California abalone fisheries by outplanting of hatchery-produced seed. Poor survival of planted seed has been generally attributed to predation and emigration, lessening enthusiasm for reseeding efforts. We present ...
Eighteen microsatellite markers were developed for the Crassostrea virginica nuclear genome, incl... more Eighteen microsatellite markers were developed for the Crassostrea virginica nuclear genome, including di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide microsatellite repeat regions that included perfect, imperfect, and compound repeat sequences. A reference panel with DNA from the parents and four progeny of 10 full-sib families was used for a preliminary confirmation of polymorphism at these loci and indications of null alleles. Null alleles were discovered at three loci; in two instances, primer redesign enabled their amplification. Two to five representative alleles from each locus were sequenced to ensure that the targeted loci were amplifying. The sequence analysis revealed not only variation in the number of simple sequence repeat units, but also polymorphisms in the microsatellite flanking regions. A total of 3626 bp of combined microsatellite flanking region from the 18 loci was examined, revealing indels as well as nucleotide site substitutions. Overall, 16 indels and 146 substitutions were...
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Papers by Patrick Gaffney