Mimicking expressions is a phylogenetically ancient and basic form of intraspecies communication ... more Mimicking expressions is a phylogenetically ancient and basic form of intraspecies communication (Brothers, 1990); it may have been evolutionarily adaptive because it helped humans communicate and foster relationships (Lakin, Jefferis, Cheng, & Chartrand, 2003). When an observer matches the facial expression of another, emotion-related thoughts and feelings may be modulated or initiated in the observer (McIntosh, 1996; McIntosh, Druckman, & Zajonc, 1994). Thus, mimicry appears to play a role in such intertwined and basic social processes as emotional contagion (Hatfield, Cacioppo, & Rapson, 1992; Lundquist & Dimberg, 1995; McIntosh et al., 1994; Vaughan & Lanzetta, 1981), dyadic rapport (Capella, 1993), behaviors such as helping and generosity (van Baaren, Holland, Kawakami, & van Knippenberg, 2004), and the perception and interpretation of facial expressions of emotion (Niedenthal, Brauer, Halberstadt, & Innes-Ker, 2001). Moreover, mimicry appears impaired in autism, a disorder of ...
Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2018
Human actions induce attentional orienting toward the target of the action. We examined the influ... more Human actions induce attentional orienting toward the target of the action. We examined the influence of action cueing in social (man throwing toward a human) and non-social (man throwing toward a tree) contexts in observers with and without autism spectrum condition (ASC). Results suggested that a social interaction enhanced the cueing effect for neurotypical participants. Participants with ASC did not benefit from non-predictive cues and were slower in social contexts, although they benefitted from reliably predictive cues. Social orienting appears to be automatic in the context of an implied social interaction for neurotypical observers, but not those with ASC. Neurotypical participants' behavior may be driven by automatic processing, while participants with ASC use an alternative, effortful strategy.
The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 2004
This study is the first to systematically examine estimated rates of sensory processing disorders... more This study is the first to systematically examine estimated rates of sensory processing disorders using survey data. Parents of incoming kindergartners from one suburban U.S. public school district were surveyed using the Short Sensory Profile, a parent-report screening tool that evaluates parents’ perceptions of functional correlates of sensory processing disorders (McIntosh, Miller, Shyu, & Dunn, 1999a). A total of 703 completed surveys were returned, which represents 39% of the kindergarten enrollment (n = 1,796) in the district for the 1999–2000 school year. Of the 703 children represented by the surveys, 96 children (13.7% of 703) met criteria for sensory processing disorders based upon parental perceptions. A more conservative prevalence estimate of children having sensory processing disorders based on parental perceptions was calculated by assuming that all non-respondents failed to meet screening criteria. This cautious estimate suggests that based on parents’ perceptions, 5...
Millions of people witnessed early, repeated television coverage of the September 11 (9/11), 2001... more Millions of people witnessed early, repeated television coverage of the September 11 (9/11), 2001, terrorist attacks and were subsequently exposed to graphic media images of the Iraq War. In the present study, we examined psychological- and physical-health impacts of exposure to these collective traumas. A U.S. national sample ( N = 2,189) completed Web-based surveys 1 to 3 weeks after 9/11; a subsample ( n = 1,322) also completed surveys at the initiation of the Iraq War. These surveys measured media exposure and acute stress responses. Posttraumatic stress symptoms related to 9/11 and physician-diagnosed health ailments were assessed annually for 3 years. Early 9/11- and Iraq War–related television exposure and frequency of exposure to war images predicted increased posttraumatic stress symptoms 2 to 3 years after 9/11. Exposure to 4 or more hr daily of early 9/11-related television and cumulative acute stress predicted increased incidence of health ailments 2 to 3 years later. Th...
International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 1998
Page 1. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION, 8(1), 49-56 Copyright 0 1998, L... more Page 1. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION, 8(1), 49-56 Copyright 0 1998, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. RESEARCH REPORT Children's God Concepts: Influences of Denomination, Age, and Gender ...
... Phoebe C. Ellsworth, PhD, is the Kirkland and Ellis Professor of Law and Robert B. Zajonc Col... more ... Phoebe C. Ellsworth, PhD, is the Kirkland and Ellis Professor of Law and Robert B. Zajonc Collegiate Professor of Psychology, at the University of Michigan. ... psychiatrist (for another description of a law school counseling program, see Dickerson, 1987). ...
Mimicking expressions is a phylogenetically ancient and basic form of intraspecies communication ... more Mimicking expressions is a phylogenetically ancient and basic form of intraspecies communication (Brothers, 1990); it may have been evolutionarily adaptive because it helped humans communicate and foster relationships (Lakin, Jefferis, Cheng, & Chartrand, 2003). When an observer matches the facial expression of another, emotion-related thoughts and feelings may be modulated or initiated in the observer (McIntosh, 1996; McIntosh, Druckman, & Zajonc, 1994). Thus, mimicry appears to play a role in such intertwined and basic social processes as emotional contagion (Hatfield, Cacioppo, & Rapson, 1992; Lundquist & Dimberg, 1995; McIntosh et al., 1994; Vaughan & Lanzetta, 1981), dyadic rapport (Capella, 1993), behaviors such as helping and generosity (van Baaren, Holland, Kawakami, & van Knippenberg, 2004), and the perception and interpretation of facial expressions of emotion (Niedenthal, Brauer, Halberstadt, & Innes-Ker, 2001). Moreover, mimicry appears impaired in autism, a disorder of ...
Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2018
Human actions induce attentional orienting toward the target of the action. We examined the influ... more Human actions induce attentional orienting toward the target of the action. We examined the influence of action cueing in social (man throwing toward a human) and non-social (man throwing toward a tree) contexts in observers with and without autism spectrum condition (ASC). Results suggested that a social interaction enhanced the cueing effect for neurotypical participants. Participants with ASC did not benefit from non-predictive cues and were slower in social contexts, although they benefitted from reliably predictive cues. Social orienting appears to be automatic in the context of an implied social interaction for neurotypical observers, but not those with ASC. Neurotypical participants' behavior may be driven by automatic processing, while participants with ASC use an alternative, effortful strategy.
The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 2004
This study is the first to systematically examine estimated rates of sensory processing disorders... more This study is the first to systematically examine estimated rates of sensory processing disorders using survey data. Parents of incoming kindergartners from one suburban U.S. public school district were surveyed using the Short Sensory Profile, a parent-report screening tool that evaluates parents’ perceptions of functional correlates of sensory processing disorders (McIntosh, Miller, Shyu, & Dunn, 1999a). A total of 703 completed surveys were returned, which represents 39% of the kindergarten enrollment (n = 1,796) in the district for the 1999–2000 school year. Of the 703 children represented by the surveys, 96 children (13.7% of 703) met criteria for sensory processing disorders based upon parental perceptions. A more conservative prevalence estimate of children having sensory processing disorders based on parental perceptions was calculated by assuming that all non-respondents failed to meet screening criteria. This cautious estimate suggests that based on parents’ perceptions, 5...
Millions of people witnessed early, repeated television coverage of the September 11 (9/11), 2001... more Millions of people witnessed early, repeated television coverage of the September 11 (9/11), 2001, terrorist attacks and were subsequently exposed to graphic media images of the Iraq War. In the present study, we examined psychological- and physical-health impacts of exposure to these collective traumas. A U.S. national sample ( N = 2,189) completed Web-based surveys 1 to 3 weeks after 9/11; a subsample ( n = 1,322) also completed surveys at the initiation of the Iraq War. These surveys measured media exposure and acute stress responses. Posttraumatic stress symptoms related to 9/11 and physician-diagnosed health ailments were assessed annually for 3 years. Early 9/11- and Iraq War–related television exposure and frequency of exposure to war images predicted increased posttraumatic stress symptoms 2 to 3 years after 9/11. Exposure to 4 or more hr daily of early 9/11-related television and cumulative acute stress predicted increased incidence of health ailments 2 to 3 years later. Th...
International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 1998
Page 1. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION, 8(1), 49-56 Copyright 0 1998, L... more Page 1. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION, 8(1), 49-56 Copyright 0 1998, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. RESEARCH REPORT Children's God Concepts: Influences of Denomination, Age, and Gender ...
... Phoebe C. Ellsworth, PhD, is the Kirkland and Ellis Professor of Law and Robert B. Zajonc Col... more ... Phoebe C. Ellsworth, PhD, is the Kirkland and Ellis Professor of Law and Robert B. Zajonc Collegiate Professor of Psychology, at the University of Michigan. ... psychiatrist (for another description of a law school counseling program, see Dickerson, 1987). ...
Uploads
Papers by Daniel McIntosh