A utilização de técnicas eletroforéticas permitiu diferenciar cultivares que apresentam grande si... more A utilização de técnicas eletroforéticas permitiu diferenciar cultivares que apresentam grande similaridade morfológica e estabelecer relações genéticas entre estas. As cultivares de arroz, do tipo moderno-típico mais utilizadas atualmente pelos orizicultores gaúchos apresentam uma similaridade genética muito grande.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding different doses of NaCl in hydration water, ... more This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding different doses of NaCl in hydration water, during different times, in order to reduce cooking time. Although considered a major producer and one of the largest bean consumers, Brazil has been experiencing a gradual decrease in consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to facilitate the preparation of beans to increase its consumption and production. This study was conducted at the experimental area of the Institute of Molecular Genetics and Plant Breeding at UDESC - IMEGEM, in the city of Lages, SC-Brazil. We evaluated the effect of three doses of NaCL (0, 50 e 125 g L-1) in two genotypes of beans (Pérola and IPR Uirapuru), hydrated at three different times (0.5, 9, and 18 hours). The results revealed a significant effect of the NaCl doses on cooking time reduction. The addition of 56.50 g L-1 of NaCl is sufficient to significantly reduce the cooking time. The soaking of bean grains provided reduction in cooking time, and the maximum hydration was attained after 12.5 hours of soaking regardless of the genotype evaluated.
The objective of this research was to verify which are the main mistakes and the successes in the... more The objective of this research was to verify which are the main mistakes and the successes in the application of mean comparison tests in scientific studies, demonstrating viable alternatives in the sense of increasing the impartiality of the results obtained by researchers. One of the researcher's largest challenges is the interpretation of the obtained results in a trustworthy way. In spite of the concern of most researchers with the data analysis, many times certain disregard is observed in the interpretation of the results. Thus, the incorrect application of statistical tests leads the researchers to publish information not completely reliable. One hundred and forty-eight papers dealing with one or more than one factor were evaluated. All of them are related to the crop production major area, published from 2002 to 2006, in the 'Ciência Rural', a Brazilian scientific journal. Most of the studies (72%) were classified as incorrect due to the abuse of means comparison tests. In addition, only 4% and 24% were classified respectively as partially correct and correct.
Trinta e dois genótipos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foram avaliados em Lages/SC, em sete ca... more Trinta e dois genótipos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foram avaliados em Lages/SC, em sete caracteres de importância agronômica e da produção de grãos por unidade de área. O experimento, em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, foi conduzido no período de safrinha, no ano agrícola de 1995/96. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a intensidade de associação entre os grupos primários e secundários responsáveis pelo rendimento de grãos. O primeiro grupo de variáveis (primários) foi constituído pelo número de grãos por legume, número de legumes por planta e a massa de mil grãos; e o segundo grupo (secundários), pelo número de dias entre a emergência e o florescimento, número de dias entre a emergência e a maturação de colheita, estatura de planta e estatura de inserção do primeiro legume. Pela análise das correlações canônicas, ficou evidenciada a importância dos caracteres agronômicos secundários sobre o número de legumes por planta e sobre o número de grãos por legume; sendo assim, os coeficientes de correlações canônicas permitem concluir que, em programas de melhoramento genético de feijão, para incrementar o rendimento de grãos devem ser selecionadas plantas com maior número de legumes por planta, que tendem a proporcionar plantas com maior estatura e de ciclo longo.
... Luís Sangoi (2) , Márcio Ender (2) , Altamir Frederico Guidolin (2) , Milton Luiz de Almeida ... more ... Luís Sangoi (2) , Márcio Ender (2) , Altamir Frederico Guidolin (2) , Milton Luiz de Almeida (3) and Valmor Antônio Konflanz (3 ... This work was carried out to evaluate the effects of N rates on grain yield and N use efficiency of ... The trial was performed in Lages, Santa Catarina State ...
Beans are an important source of protein and minerals, but they are underutilized because of the ... more Beans are an important source of protein and minerals, but they are underutilized because of the long hydration and cooking times required for the digestibility by humans. The aim of this work was to evaluate the water quality in the cooking time of grains of common beans using ultra-pure, distilled, tap and, mineral water. The grains of the BRS-Valente cultivar were hydrated 21 hours in ultra-pure water. In intervals of one hour they were cooked in distilled water and tap water until the last hydration time. Only the beans hydrated for 6 hours were cooked in ultra-pure, distilled, tap and mineral water. The increase in the hydration time provided a decrease in the cooking time, but the higher correlation (around -0.9) was negative because the decrease of cooking time in the first two hours of hydration. Thus, the general correlation did not explain the trend of the results, but rather the whole set of analysis, through the segmented linear regression. The conclusion was that the fast hydration time was an indicative of the low cooking time for BRS-Valente, since the grain showed 69% of hydration in two hours of hydration. The use of ultra-pure water throughout the cooking process provided normal level of cooking resistance (23 to 30 minutes), tap water was different from all waters and provided average resistance level of cooking (±37 minutes), while the mineral water showed very high (>300 minutes) cooking time.
Trinta e dois acessos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foram avaliados em Lages/SC, através da i... more Trinta e dois acessos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foram avaliados em Lages/SC, através da influência de oito caracteres de importância agronômica sobre a produção de grãos por unidade de área. O experimento, em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, foi conduzido no período de "safrinha" no ano agrícola de 1996/97. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar os coeficientes de trilha entre os caracteres primários e secundários. O primeiro grupo de variáveis (primários) foi constituído pelo número de grãos por legume, número de legumes por planta, peso de mil grãos e a população de plantas (POP), e o segundo grupo (secundários), pelo número de dias entre a emergência e o florescimento (FL), número de dias entre a emergência e a maturação de colheita (MC), estatura de planta (EP) e o ponto de inserção do primeiro legume (PIL). Pela análise do coeficiente de trilha, ficaram caracterizados e avaliados os efeitos diretos e indiretos dos caracteres primários NLP e PMG, revelando os maiores efeitos diretos associados à alta correlação. O NLP foi altamente influenciado por plantas de maturação precoce e estatura de planta elevada. Assim, os coeficientes de trilha permitem concluir que os maiores efeitos diretos sobre o rendimento de grãos estão associados, principalmente a NLP, PMG, NGL e ciclo da planta.
The correct characterization of genetic resources allows to identify sources of variability, a ge... more The correct characterization of genetic resources allows to identify sources of variability, a genetic profit during the plant breeding and use of these resources in the crop science. This research was aimed at evaluating genetic divergence in bean accessions of a germplasm of Santa Catarina, through interrelation among the agronomic character descriptor. Twenty bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions were evaluated carried out in October 2005, using the randomized block design with three replications. The genotypes were studied using multivariable techniques to measure genetic divergence represented by the generalized distance of Mahalanobis. On the basis of the genetic similarity matrix, it was generated average distance grouping. Among 12 variable evaluated, the weight of 100 seeds had the higher contribution in the separation of the genotypes, followed for the pod width, pod length and yield of grains. The BAF 42, BAF 46, BAF 47 and BAF 57 accessions had the high productivity level and it must be better characterized to be incorporated in the programs of genetic breeding or use of these resources in the crop science.
A semeadura tardia é uma prática cultural que vem sendo utilizada pelos produtores de feijão do p... more A semeadura tardia é uma prática cultural que vem sendo utilizada pelos produtores de feijão do planalto catarinense, apesar de não recomendada pela pesquisa. Com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho de cultivares de feijão em semeadura fora da época recomendada, conduziu-se um experimento em Lages, SC, nos anos agrícolas de 1993/94 e 1994/95. Foram utilizadas oito cultivares de feijão, sendo seis do grupo comercial preto e duas do carioca, semeadas em meados de novembro (época recomendada), de dezembro e de janeiro. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos segundo um fatorial 2 x 3 x 8 (ano x época de semeadura x cultivar) em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. O atraso da semeadura reduziu o sub-período emergência-início de florescimento, afetando significativamente o crescimento das plantas. O número de legumes/planta e de grãos/legume e peso de 1000 grãos foram significativamente afetados pelo atraso da semeadura, o que resultou em reduções no rendimento de grãos da ordem de 24,6% para a semeadura de dezembro e de 56,7% para a de janeiro, em relação a de novembro, ou seja, uma redução de 0,95% no rendimento de grãos a cada dia de atraso da semeadura. Concluiuse que o atraso da semeadura de feijão no planalto catarinense reduz significativamente o rendimento de grãos; a indicação desta prática deve ser acompanhada da recomendação de cultivares específicas e de um manejo adequado; e utilizando as recomendações de manejo da cultura do feijão, a cultivar BR/ IPAGRO 1-Macanudo é a de melhor desempenho em semeadura tardia no planalto catarinense.
... Jefferson Luís Meirelles Coimbra I, 1 ; Altamir Frederico Guidolin II ; Milton Luiz de Almeid... more ... Jefferson Luís Meirelles Coimbra I, 1 ; Altamir Frederico Guidolin II ; Milton Luiz de Almeida II ; Luís Sangoi II ; Márcio Ender II ... As correlações são, em geral, explicadas pelo efeito aditivo dos genes, afetando dois caracteres simultaneamente (SANTOS & VENCOVSKY, 1986). ...
Path analysis of 12 characteristics linked to the bean production was performed with the objectiv... more Path analysis of 12 characteristics linked to the bean production was performed with the objective of verifying their influence in the production of grains per unit of area. The genotypes were cultivated in ChapecÛ-SC, (Planalto Catarinense region); using random blocks design, with four replications. The analysis of the trail coef ficient demonstrated that the highest direct ef fect on grain
A importância das leguminosas de grãos na alimentação humana, principalmente do feijão preto (Pha... more A importância das leguminosas de grãos na alimentação humana, principalmente do feijão preto (Phaseolus vulgaris), tem estimulado os melhoristas a selecionar genótipos com alto potencial de rendimento de grãos e com adaptabilidade às diferentes condições de cultivo do sul do Brasil. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar os reflexos da interação genótipo x ambiente e suas implicações nos ganhos genéticos com diferentes critérios de seleção. Os resultados revelaram que o componente da interação genótipo x ambiente superestima a predição dos parâmetros genéticos, como por exemplo a variância genética e a herdabilidade. As diferenças observadas entre estas estimativas parecem ocorrer devido à alta percentagem da parte complexa da interação. Além disto, os ganhos genéticos obtidos com a seleção direta foram sempre superiores à resposta indireta. Comparativamente, o par de ambientes 1x3 revelou uma resposta correlacionada inferior e de sinal contrário às demais estimativas para os outros pares de ambientes estudados neste trabalho. O primeiro ambiente foi o que mais acumulou a interação genótipo x ambiente. Portanto, pode ser concluído que o componente da interação tem grande relevância nas estimativas dos ganhos genéticos, evidenciando que essa influência deva ser considerada na seleção e na recomendação de genótipos específicos nos programas de melhoramento genético da cultura do feijoeiro.
Common bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) belonging to the black group (evaluated in six envi... more Common bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) belonging to the black group (evaluated in six environments) or to the 'carioca' group (evaluated in five environments) were tested for grain yield in the season of 2006/07, in the Santa Catarina State. The objective of this study was to evaluated the genotypic sensibility through predicted functions among the differences of the grain yield considering all the possible combinations among the studied environments. Significance absence for all tested genotypes of the black group indicates an insensitive behavior of these genotypes relatively to the pair of environment Chapecó vs. Lages. On the other hand, the Ponte Serrada environment intensely affected all the predicted functions relatively to the other environments regardless of bean group (black or carioca), indicating that these genotypes should be recommended for cultivation in stratified environments.
This study aimed to evaluate the phenotypic variance components for grain yield characters on the... more This study aimed to evaluate the phenotypic variance components for grain yield characters on the sense to be useful for breeding programs, and verify the genetic sensibilility among genotypes of black beans group. The grain yield character was evaluated in twelve black beans genotypes in ten environments of the Santa Catarina Estate through the REML / BLUP method. With the phenotypic variance components decomposition it was possible to provide additional information than traidicionally utilized in line evaluations for grain yield character. The highest grain yield average and the highest predicted value was obtain at genotype BRS Campeiro, which may be suitable for all evaluated environments. In the environments 1 (2004/Canoinhas), 2 (2005/Canoinhas), 9 (2004/Ponte Serrada) e 10 (2005/Ponte Serrada) higher grain yield has been obtained above general mean in all evaluated genotypes. The genotypes CHP 9858, CHP 9859, CHP 9954 and CHP 9965 presented specific adaptability to environment 6 (2005/Ituporanga).
Several diseases have affected apple production, among them there is Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) c... more Several diseases have affected apple production, among them there is Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) caused by Colletotrichum spp. The first report of this disease in apple was in plants nearby citrus orchards in São Paulo State, Brazil. The origin of this disease is still not clear, and studies based on the molecular phylogeny could relate the organisms evolutionarily and characterize possible mechanisms of divergent evolution. The amplification of 5.8S-ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) of rDNA of 51 pathogenic Colletotrichum spp. isolates from apples, pineapple guava and citrus produced one fragment of approximately 600 bases pairs (bp) for all the isolates analyzed. The amplified fragments were cleaved with restriction enzymes, and fragments from 90 to 500bp were obtained. The sequencing of this region allowed the generation of a phylogenetic tree, regardless of their hosts, and 5 isolated groups were obtained. From the "in silico" comparison, it was possible to verify a variation from 93 to 100% of similarity between the sequences studied and the Genbank data base. The causal agent of GLS is nearly related (clustered) to isolates of pineapple guava and to the citrus isolates used as control.
The purpose of this study was to predict the genetic progress in the selection for common bean ag... more The purpose of this study was to predict the genetic progress in the selection for common bean agronomic traits based on the trait expression, using two indices of adaptive selection. The existence of correlation between various traits in common bean breeding is a major restriction, but some tools that allow breeders to predict the expected gains could optimize results. The following traits were evaluated: (1) plant cycle (days), (2) plant height (in cm), (3) stem diameter (cm), (4) insertion of the first pod (cm); (5) number of pods per plant; (6) number of grains per pod; (7) pod length (cm). Results show the possibility of selecting accessions for several agronomically important traits evaluated together. The only genotype selected by both indices was UDESC 03, confirming the possibility of selecting plants with superior agronomic traits among genotypes of common bean landraces.
A utilização de técnicas eletroforéticas permitiu diferenciar cultivares que apresentam grande si... more A utilização de técnicas eletroforéticas permitiu diferenciar cultivares que apresentam grande similaridade morfológica e estabelecer relações genéticas entre estas. As cultivares de arroz, do tipo moderno-típico mais utilizadas atualmente pelos orizicultores gaúchos apresentam uma similaridade genética muito grande.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding different doses of NaCl in hydration water, ... more This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding different doses of NaCl in hydration water, during different times, in order to reduce cooking time. Although considered a major producer and one of the largest bean consumers, Brazil has been experiencing a gradual decrease in consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to facilitate the preparation of beans to increase its consumption and production. This study was conducted at the experimental area of the Institute of Molecular Genetics and Plant Breeding at UDESC - IMEGEM, in the city of Lages, SC-Brazil. We evaluated the effect of three doses of NaCL (0, 50 e 125 g L-1) in two genotypes of beans (Pérola and IPR Uirapuru), hydrated at three different times (0.5, 9, and 18 hours). The results revealed a significant effect of the NaCl doses on cooking time reduction. The addition of 56.50 g L-1 of NaCl is sufficient to significantly reduce the cooking time. The soaking of bean grains provided reduction in cooking time, and the maximum hydration was attained after 12.5 hours of soaking regardless of the genotype evaluated.
The objective of this research was to verify which are the main mistakes and the successes in the... more The objective of this research was to verify which are the main mistakes and the successes in the application of mean comparison tests in scientific studies, demonstrating viable alternatives in the sense of increasing the impartiality of the results obtained by researchers. One of the researcher's largest challenges is the interpretation of the obtained results in a trustworthy way. In spite of the concern of most researchers with the data analysis, many times certain disregard is observed in the interpretation of the results. Thus, the incorrect application of statistical tests leads the researchers to publish information not completely reliable. One hundred and forty-eight papers dealing with one or more than one factor were evaluated. All of them are related to the crop production major area, published from 2002 to 2006, in the 'Ciência Rural', a Brazilian scientific journal. Most of the studies (72%) were classified as incorrect due to the abuse of means comparison tests. In addition, only 4% and 24% were classified respectively as partially correct and correct.
Trinta e dois genótipos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foram avaliados em Lages/SC, em sete ca... more Trinta e dois genótipos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foram avaliados em Lages/SC, em sete caracteres de importância agronômica e da produção de grãos por unidade de área. O experimento, em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, foi conduzido no período de safrinha, no ano agrícola de 1995/96. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a intensidade de associação entre os grupos primários e secundários responsáveis pelo rendimento de grãos. O primeiro grupo de variáveis (primários) foi constituído pelo número de grãos por legume, número de legumes por planta e a massa de mil grãos; e o segundo grupo (secundários), pelo número de dias entre a emergência e o florescimento, número de dias entre a emergência e a maturação de colheita, estatura de planta e estatura de inserção do primeiro legume. Pela análise das correlações canônicas, ficou evidenciada a importância dos caracteres agronômicos secundários sobre o número de legumes por planta e sobre o número de grãos por legume; sendo assim, os coeficientes de correlações canônicas permitem concluir que, em programas de melhoramento genético de feijão, para incrementar o rendimento de grãos devem ser selecionadas plantas com maior número de legumes por planta, que tendem a proporcionar plantas com maior estatura e de ciclo longo.
... Luís Sangoi (2) , Márcio Ender (2) , Altamir Frederico Guidolin (2) , Milton Luiz de Almeida ... more ... Luís Sangoi (2) , Márcio Ender (2) , Altamir Frederico Guidolin (2) , Milton Luiz de Almeida (3) and Valmor Antônio Konflanz (3 ... This work was carried out to evaluate the effects of N rates on grain yield and N use efficiency of ... The trial was performed in Lages, Santa Catarina State ...
Beans are an important source of protein and minerals, but they are underutilized because of the ... more Beans are an important source of protein and minerals, but they are underutilized because of the long hydration and cooking times required for the digestibility by humans. The aim of this work was to evaluate the water quality in the cooking time of grains of common beans using ultra-pure, distilled, tap and, mineral water. The grains of the BRS-Valente cultivar were hydrated 21 hours in ultra-pure water. In intervals of one hour they were cooked in distilled water and tap water until the last hydration time. Only the beans hydrated for 6 hours were cooked in ultra-pure, distilled, tap and mineral water. The increase in the hydration time provided a decrease in the cooking time, but the higher correlation (around -0.9) was negative because the decrease of cooking time in the first two hours of hydration. Thus, the general correlation did not explain the trend of the results, but rather the whole set of analysis, through the segmented linear regression. The conclusion was that the fast hydration time was an indicative of the low cooking time for BRS-Valente, since the grain showed 69% of hydration in two hours of hydration. The use of ultra-pure water throughout the cooking process provided normal level of cooking resistance (23 to 30 minutes), tap water was different from all waters and provided average resistance level of cooking (±37 minutes), while the mineral water showed very high (>300 minutes) cooking time.
Trinta e dois acessos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foram avaliados em Lages/SC, através da i... more Trinta e dois acessos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foram avaliados em Lages/SC, através da influência de oito caracteres de importância agronômica sobre a produção de grãos por unidade de área. O experimento, em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, foi conduzido no período de "safrinha" no ano agrícola de 1996/97. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar os coeficientes de trilha entre os caracteres primários e secundários. O primeiro grupo de variáveis (primários) foi constituído pelo número de grãos por legume, número de legumes por planta, peso de mil grãos e a população de plantas (POP), e o segundo grupo (secundários), pelo número de dias entre a emergência e o florescimento (FL), número de dias entre a emergência e a maturação de colheita (MC), estatura de planta (EP) e o ponto de inserção do primeiro legume (PIL). Pela análise do coeficiente de trilha, ficaram caracterizados e avaliados os efeitos diretos e indiretos dos caracteres primários NLP e PMG, revelando os maiores efeitos diretos associados à alta correlação. O NLP foi altamente influenciado por plantas de maturação precoce e estatura de planta elevada. Assim, os coeficientes de trilha permitem concluir que os maiores efeitos diretos sobre o rendimento de grãos estão associados, principalmente a NLP, PMG, NGL e ciclo da planta.
The correct characterization of genetic resources allows to identify sources of variability, a ge... more The correct characterization of genetic resources allows to identify sources of variability, a genetic profit during the plant breeding and use of these resources in the crop science. This research was aimed at evaluating genetic divergence in bean accessions of a germplasm of Santa Catarina, through interrelation among the agronomic character descriptor. Twenty bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions were evaluated carried out in October 2005, using the randomized block design with three replications. The genotypes were studied using multivariable techniques to measure genetic divergence represented by the generalized distance of Mahalanobis. On the basis of the genetic similarity matrix, it was generated average distance grouping. Among 12 variable evaluated, the weight of 100 seeds had the higher contribution in the separation of the genotypes, followed for the pod width, pod length and yield of grains. The BAF 42, BAF 46, BAF 47 and BAF 57 accessions had the high productivity level and it must be better characterized to be incorporated in the programs of genetic breeding or use of these resources in the crop science.
A semeadura tardia é uma prática cultural que vem sendo utilizada pelos produtores de feijão do p... more A semeadura tardia é uma prática cultural que vem sendo utilizada pelos produtores de feijão do planalto catarinense, apesar de não recomendada pela pesquisa. Com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho de cultivares de feijão em semeadura fora da época recomendada, conduziu-se um experimento em Lages, SC, nos anos agrícolas de 1993/94 e 1994/95. Foram utilizadas oito cultivares de feijão, sendo seis do grupo comercial preto e duas do carioca, semeadas em meados de novembro (época recomendada), de dezembro e de janeiro. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos segundo um fatorial 2 x 3 x 8 (ano x época de semeadura x cultivar) em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. O atraso da semeadura reduziu o sub-período emergência-início de florescimento, afetando significativamente o crescimento das plantas. O número de legumes/planta e de grãos/legume e peso de 1000 grãos foram significativamente afetados pelo atraso da semeadura, o que resultou em reduções no rendimento de grãos da ordem de 24,6% para a semeadura de dezembro e de 56,7% para a de janeiro, em relação a de novembro, ou seja, uma redução de 0,95% no rendimento de grãos a cada dia de atraso da semeadura. Concluiuse que o atraso da semeadura de feijão no planalto catarinense reduz significativamente o rendimento de grãos; a indicação desta prática deve ser acompanhada da recomendação de cultivares específicas e de um manejo adequado; e utilizando as recomendações de manejo da cultura do feijão, a cultivar BR/ IPAGRO 1-Macanudo é a de melhor desempenho em semeadura tardia no planalto catarinense.
... Jefferson Luís Meirelles Coimbra I, 1 ; Altamir Frederico Guidolin II ; Milton Luiz de Almeid... more ... Jefferson Luís Meirelles Coimbra I, 1 ; Altamir Frederico Guidolin II ; Milton Luiz de Almeida II ; Luís Sangoi II ; Márcio Ender II ... As correlações são, em geral, explicadas pelo efeito aditivo dos genes, afetando dois caracteres simultaneamente (SANTOS & VENCOVSKY, 1986). ...
Path analysis of 12 characteristics linked to the bean production was performed with the objectiv... more Path analysis of 12 characteristics linked to the bean production was performed with the objective of verifying their influence in the production of grains per unit of area. The genotypes were cultivated in ChapecÛ-SC, (Planalto Catarinense region); using random blocks design, with four replications. The analysis of the trail coef ficient demonstrated that the highest direct ef fect on grain
A importância das leguminosas de grãos na alimentação humana, principalmente do feijão preto (Pha... more A importância das leguminosas de grãos na alimentação humana, principalmente do feijão preto (Phaseolus vulgaris), tem estimulado os melhoristas a selecionar genótipos com alto potencial de rendimento de grãos e com adaptabilidade às diferentes condições de cultivo do sul do Brasil. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar os reflexos da interação genótipo x ambiente e suas implicações nos ganhos genéticos com diferentes critérios de seleção. Os resultados revelaram que o componente da interação genótipo x ambiente superestima a predição dos parâmetros genéticos, como por exemplo a variância genética e a herdabilidade. As diferenças observadas entre estas estimativas parecem ocorrer devido à alta percentagem da parte complexa da interação. Além disto, os ganhos genéticos obtidos com a seleção direta foram sempre superiores à resposta indireta. Comparativamente, o par de ambientes 1x3 revelou uma resposta correlacionada inferior e de sinal contrário às demais estimativas para os outros pares de ambientes estudados neste trabalho. O primeiro ambiente foi o que mais acumulou a interação genótipo x ambiente. Portanto, pode ser concluído que o componente da interação tem grande relevância nas estimativas dos ganhos genéticos, evidenciando que essa influência deva ser considerada na seleção e na recomendação de genótipos específicos nos programas de melhoramento genético da cultura do feijoeiro.
Common bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) belonging to the black group (evaluated in six envi... more Common bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) belonging to the black group (evaluated in six environments) or to the 'carioca' group (evaluated in five environments) were tested for grain yield in the season of 2006/07, in the Santa Catarina State. The objective of this study was to evaluated the genotypic sensibility through predicted functions among the differences of the grain yield considering all the possible combinations among the studied environments. Significance absence for all tested genotypes of the black group indicates an insensitive behavior of these genotypes relatively to the pair of environment Chapecó vs. Lages. On the other hand, the Ponte Serrada environment intensely affected all the predicted functions relatively to the other environments regardless of bean group (black or carioca), indicating that these genotypes should be recommended for cultivation in stratified environments.
This study aimed to evaluate the phenotypic variance components for grain yield characters on the... more This study aimed to evaluate the phenotypic variance components for grain yield characters on the sense to be useful for breeding programs, and verify the genetic sensibilility among genotypes of black beans group. The grain yield character was evaluated in twelve black beans genotypes in ten environments of the Santa Catarina Estate through the REML / BLUP method. With the phenotypic variance components decomposition it was possible to provide additional information than traidicionally utilized in line evaluations for grain yield character. The highest grain yield average and the highest predicted value was obtain at genotype BRS Campeiro, which may be suitable for all evaluated environments. In the environments 1 (2004/Canoinhas), 2 (2005/Canoinhas), 9 (2004/Ponte Serrada) e 10 (2005/Ponte Serrada) higher grain yield has been obtained above general mean in all evaluated genotypes. The genotypes CHP 9858, CHP 9859, CHP 9954 and CHP 9965 presented specific adaptability to environment 6 (2005/Ituporanga).
Several diseases have affected apple production, among them there is Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) c... more Several diseases have affected apple production, among them there is Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) caused by Colletotrichum spp. The first report of this disease in apple was in plants nearby citrus orchards in São Paulo State, Brazil. The origin of this disease is still not clear, and studies based on the molecular phylogeny could relate the organisms evolutionarily and characterize possible mechanisms of divergent evolution. The amplification of 5.8S-ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) of rDNA of 51 pathogenic Colletotrichum spp. isolates from apples, pineapple guava and citrus produced one fragment of approximately 600 bases pairs (bp) for all the isolates analyzed. The amplified fragments were cleaved with restriction enzymes, and fragments from 90 to 500bp were obtained. The sequencing of this region allowed the generation of a phylogenetic tree, regardless of their hosts, and 5 isolated groups were obtained. From the "in silico" comparison, it was possible to verify a variation from 93 to 100% of similarity between the sequences studied and the Genbank data base. The causal agent of GLS is nearly related (clustered) to isolates of pineapple guava and to the citrus isolates used as control.
The purpose of this study was to predict the genetic progress in the selection for common bean ag... more The purpose of this study was to predict the genetic progress in the selection for common bean agronomic traits based on the trait expression, using two indices of adaptive selection. The existence of correlation between various traits in common bean breeding is a major restriction, but some tools that allow breeders to predict the expected gains could optimize results. The following traits were evaluated: (1) plant cycle (days), (2) plant height (in cm), (3) stem diameter (cm), (4) insertion of the first pod (cm); (5) number of pods per plant; (6) number of grains per pod; (7) pod length (cm). Results show the possibility of selecting accessions for several agronomically important traits evaluated together. The only genotype selected by both indices was UDESC 03, confirming the possibility of selecting plants with superior agronomic traits among genotypes of common bean landraces.
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As cultivares de arroz, do tipo moderno-típico mais utilizadas atualmente pelos orizicultores gaúchos apresentam uma similaridade genética muito grande.
As cultivares de arroz, do tipo moderno-típico mais utilizadas atualmente pelos orizicultores gaúchos apresentam uma similaridade genética muito grande.