Background and Aim: From a biomedical point of view, the value of marsupials as a model of primit... more Background and Aim: From a biomedical point of view, the value of marsupials as a model of primitive mammals is indisputable. Among its species, the possum is a model that allows the study of the ontogeny of different organic systems, as well as their physiological aspects. The relevance of anatomical, functional, evolutionary, and phylogenetic study of marsupials for the development of comparative morphology is extensively documented in the literature. However, there are still many aspects to be further evaluated, as the anatomy and histology of the respiratory tract of this species. The aim of this study was to describe the morphology of the larynx, trachea, and lungs of Didelphis marsupialis. Materials and Methods: Five adult male animals were donated to the Comparative Animal Anatomy Laboratory – LAAC/ CCAA-UFMA, for morphological studies. Specimens were washed in running water to perform biometrics. Then, they were fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution. After the fixation period...
The diversity of neoplasms observed in dogs can vary geographically depending on individual susce... more The diversity of neoplasms observed in dogs can vary geographically depending on individual susceptibility, the habitat of the animals, and environmental characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological aspects of neoplasms in dogs treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the State University of Maranhão from 2008 to 2015. We studied the medical records of 1089 dogs affected by neoplasms and treated at a hospital during the period of study, relating to the casuistry with their breed, age, sex and origin. The present study included 764 cases that were confirmed through cytopathology. The most prevalent tumors were transmissible venereal tumors (TVT) (20.17%), adenocarcinoma of the mammary gland (19.53%), mixed malignant tumor of the mammary gland (18.63%), mast cell tumor (11.31%), and mammary carcinoma (6.42%). Females with a mean age of 9.2 years were the most affected, as were SRDs, Poodles, American Pitbulls, and Dobermann Pinschers. According to the cytomo...
The current standard treatment for leishmaniasis has remained the same for over 100 years, despit... more The current standard treatment for leishmaniasis has remained the same for over 100 years, despite inducing several adverse effects and increasing cases of resistance. In this study we evaluated the in vitro antileishmanial activity of 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3 triazole compounds and carried out in silico predictive study of their pharmacokinetic and toxicity properties. Ten compounds were analyzed, with compound 6 notably presenting IC50: 14.64 ± 4.392 µM against promastigotes, IC50: 17.78 ± 3.257 µM against intracellular amastigotes, CC50: 547.88 ± 3.256 µM against BALB/c peritoneal macrophages, and 30.81-fold selectivity for the parasite over the cells. It also resulted in a remarkable decrease in all the parameters of in vitro infection. Ultrastructural analysis revealed lipid corpuscles, a nucleus with discontinuity of the nuclear membrane, a change in nuclear chromatin, and kinetoplast swelling with breakdown of the mitochondrial cristae and electron-density loss induced by 1,4-...
Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 2019
Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people around the world, being co... more Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people around the world, being common in the state of Maranhão. A total of 225 rodents of the Holochilus sciureus species from the Western Lowland Maranhão were studied, of which 144 animals (64%) exhibited Schistosoma eggs in their feces samples. Macroscopic lesions characterized as well-defined whitish areas on the liver and spleen surfaces were observed. Histopathological examination revealed multifocal granulomas in the esophagus, liver, spleen, pancreas and duodenum, with structures compatible with Schistosoma mansoni eggs, as well as severe hepatic micro-vacuolar degeneration, multifocal and coalescent, with proliferation of random bile ducts and associated epithelial hyperplasia to areas of fibrosis. Adult forms of the parasite were observed in the blood vessels of the portal space. The lungs exhibited moderate and diffuse interstitial pneumonia with intralesional S. mansoni eggs. In the kidneys, hyaline cylinder...
The Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) activity has been proposed as a biomarker of susceptibility t... more The Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) activity has been proposed as a biomarker of susceptibility to the presence of potentially damaging xenobiotics in aquatic organisms. The aim of this work was to measure GST activity in the liver of Sciades herzbergii (catfish) in order to evaluate the biochemical effects of pollutants. The catfish samples were collected along known pollution gradients areas (A1) and from areas regarded as relatively free of anthropogenic input (A2), in São Marcos Bay, São Luis de Maranhão, Brazil. The variables analyzed in fish were: length, weight, gonadal stages, gonadosomatic index and GST activity. The databases from this analysis were compiled, and generalized linear models were used to analyze the dependence of enzyme activity on the areas of sampling and on selected biological parameters of fish. A significant difference was observed in GST activity in the liver of S. herzbergii in the comparison between fish from the contaminated site and those from the r...
ABREU-SILVA, A.L.; LIMA, T.B.; DE MACEDO, AA.; MORAES-JÚNIOR, F. DE J.; DIAS, E.L.; BATISTA, Z. D... more ABREU-SILVA, A.L.; LIMA, T.B.; DE MACEDO, AA.; MORAES-JÚNIOR, F. DE J.; DIAS, E.L.; BATISTA, Z. DA S.; CALABRESE, K. DA S.; MORAES, J.L.P.; REBÊLO, J.M.M.; GUERRA, R.M.S.N. DE C. [Seroprevalence, clinical and biochemical data of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania and phlebotominae sandfly fauna in an endemic area in São Luis Island, Maranhão State, Brazil]. Soroprevalência, aspectos clínicos e bioquímicos da infecção por Leishmania em cães naturalmente infectados e fauna de flebotomíneos em uma área endêmica na ilha de São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, v. 17, supl. 1, p. 197-203, 2008. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Cidade Universitária Paulo VI, Caixa Postal 09, Tirirical, São Luís, MA 65055-970, Brasil. E-mail: anabreu@ioc.fiocruz.br The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence, clinical and biochemical profile of Leishmania chagasi infection in dogs naturally infected and identify the phlebo...
The current treatment of leishmaniasis induces strong side effects and increasing numbers of case... more The current treatment of leishmaniasis induces strong side effects and increasing numbers of cases of resistance to reference drugs have been reported. The discovery of the therapeutic properties of active substances in plant extracts represents an interesting field of research into a more efficient treatment against leishmaniasis. Morinda citrifolia, commonly known as noni, has demonstrated promising results as antileishmanial and immunomodulator. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate activity against axenic amastigote and hydrogen peroxide induction capacity by M. citrifolia fruit juice. Phytochemical screening identified anthraquinones, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, coumarins, phenolic compounds, tannins, anthocyanidins and chalcones. Noni juice exhibited dose-dependent activity and an IC of 240.1 µg/mL for axenic amastigotes. An absence of endotoxins was observed at the concentrations analyzed, while no cytotoxic effects were identified. Noni juice ...
Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is endemic in São Luís Maranhão/Brazil and it leads a varied ... more Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is endemic in São Luís Maranhão/Brazil and it leads a varied clinical picture, including neurological signs. Histopathological evaluation showed that 14 dogs exhibited pathological alterations in at least one of the analyzed areas. Of these, mononuclear inflammatory reaction was the most frequent, although other lesions, such as hemorrhage, chromatolysis and gliosis were also observed. The presence of L. infantum amastigotes was confirmed in eight dogs, identified in four regions: telencephalon, hippocampus, thalamus and caudal colliculus, but only one presented neurological signs. Polymerase chain reaction results detected the DNA of the parasite in 11 samples from seven dogs. The positive areas were the telencephalon, thalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum, caudal and rostral colliculus. These results reveal that during canine visceral leishmaniasis, the central nervous system may display some alterations, without necessarily exhibiting clinical neur...
Objetivou-se verificar a soroprevalência e os parâmetros clínicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de... more Objetivou-se verificar a soroprevalência e os parâmetros clínicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania em uma área endêmica. Realizou-se a sorologia pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) em 76 cães sem raça definida. Os resultados demonstraram que 28 (36,84%) foram positivos, enquanto 15 (53,57%) eram assintomáticos e 13 (46,43%) sintomáticos. Os sinais clínicos mais freqüentes foram onicogrifose, lesões de pele (alopecia, úlceras, descamação furfurácea) e linfoadenopatia localizada. Em 6 de 22 animais (27,27%) observou-se anemia. As análises bioquímicas indicaram que a infecção causada por Leishmania pode levar a alterações hepáticas. Não se observaram alterações renais. Conclui-se que os parâmetros bioquímicos podem ser úteis para acompanhar os estágios clínicos da doença.PALAVAS-CHAVES: Análises bioquímicas, hematologia, Leishmaniose visceral canina. This study aims at verifying the seroprevalence of dogs naturally infected with ...
After a subcutaneous injection of 100000 purified amastigotes of an isolate from a diffuse case o... more After a subcutaneous injection of 100000 purified amastigotes of an isolate from a diffuse case of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by the MHOM/BR/76/Ma-5 strain of Leishmania amazonensis, three inbred mouse strains developed a progressive nodular lesion, which evolved to an ulcerated lesion. Based on these data, mice of BALB/c, C57BL/6 or C57BL/10 could be classified as susceptible. The majority of mice developed metastases in the footpads, ear, tail, nose and oral mucosa. Amputation of the members related to the primary lesion was frequent. Experiments using the limiting dilution analysis showed that there was no correlation between lesion and parasite load. It has been demonstrated that these mouse strains could be considered excellent models for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis when infected with L. amazonensis. Metastatic lesions caused destruction of the nasal region with many parasitized macrophages under the epithelial surface of the nasal mucosa. Bone destruction occurred with an ...
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinária = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Órgão Oficial do Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária, 2008
The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence, clinical and biochemical profile of Le... more The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence, clinical and biochemical profile of Leishmania chagasi infection in dogs naturally infected and identify the phlebotominae fauna in an endemic area of São Luis Island. In this present study, 62 household mongrel dogs were sampled for antibodies anti-Leishmania. The seroprevalence was 51.61%. In the clinical evaluation, 36.68% dogs were symptomatic, 38.41% were oligosymptomatic and 26.13% were asymptomatic. The most frequent signs were onychogryphosis and lymphadenomegaly. In 29.41% animals were observed anemia. In the biochemical analysis hepatic function showed changes in relation to alaninoaminotransferase (ALT) and aspartato aminotransferase (AST). Urea values were higher than the references ones for canine specie. The following phlebotominae sandflies were identified: Lutzomyia longipalpis (86.9%), L. evandroi (9.6%), L. choti (2.1%), L. umbratilis (0.7%) e L. whitmani (0.7%).
Background and Aim: From a biomedical point of view, the value of marsupials as a model of primit... more Background and Aim: From a biomedical point of view, the value of marsupials as a model of primitive mammals is indisputable. Among its species, the possum is a model that allows the study of the ontogeny of different organic systems, as well as their physiological aspects. The relevance of anatomical, functional, evolutionary, and phylogenetic study of marsupials for the development of comparative morphology is extensively documented in the literature. However, there are still many aspects to be further evaluated, as the anatomy and histology of the respiratory tract of this species. The aim of this study was to describe the morphology of the larynx, trachea, and lungs of Didelphis marsupialis. Materials and Methods: Five adult male animals were donated to the Comparative Animal Anatomy Laboratory – LAAC/ CCAA-UFMA, for morphological studies. Specimens were washed in running water to perform biometrics. Then, they were fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution. After the fixation period...
The diversity of neoplasms observed in dogs can vary geographically depending on individual susce... more The diversity of neoplasms observed in dogs can vary geographically depending on individual susceptibility, the habitat of the animals, and environmental characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological aspects of neoplasms in dogs treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the State University of Maranhão from 2008 to 2015. We studied the medical records of 1089 dogs affected by neoplasms and treated at a hospital during the period of study, relating to the casuistry with their breed, age, sex and origin. The present study included 764 cases that were confirmed through cytopathology. The most prevalent tumors were transmissible venereal tumors (TVT) (20.17%), adenocarcinoma of the mammary gland (19.53%), mixed malignant tumor of the mammary gland (18.63%), mast cell tumor (11.31%), and mammary carcinoma (6.42%). Females with a mean age of 9.2 years were the most affected, as were SRDs, Poodles, American Pitbulls, and Dobermann Pinschers. According to the cytomo...
The current standard treatment for leishmaniasis has remained the same for over 100 years, despit... more The current standard treatment for leishmaniasis has remained the same for over 100 years, despite inducing several adverse effects and increasing cases of resistance. In this study we evaluated the in vitro antileishmanial activity of 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3 triazole compounds and carried out in silico predictive study of their pharmacokinetic and toxicity properties. Ten compounds were analyzed, with compound 6 notably presenting IC50: 14.64 ± 4.392 µM against promastigotes, IC50: 17.78 ± 3.257 µM against intracellular amastigotes, CC50: 547.88 ± 3.256 µM against BALB/c peritoneal macrophages, and 30.81-fold selectivity for the parasite over the cells. It also resulted in a remarkable decrease in all the parameters of in vitro infection. Ultrastructural analysis revealed lipid corpuscles, a nucleus with discontinuity of the nuclear membrane, a change in nuclear chromatin, and kinetoplast swelling with breakdown of the mitochondrial cristae and electron-density loss induced by 1,4-...
Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 2019
Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people around the world, being co... more Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people around the world, being common in the state of Maranhão. A total of 225 rodents of the Holochilus sciureus species from the Western Lowland Maranhão were studied, of which 144 animals (64%) exhibited Schistosoma eggs in their feces samples. Macroscopic lesions characterized as well-defined whitish areas on the liver and spleen surfaces were observed. Histopathological examination revealed multifocal granulomas in the esophagus, liver, spleen, pancreas and duodenum, with structures compatible with Schistosoma mansoni eggs, as well as severe hepatic micro-vacuolar degeneration, multifocal and coalescent, with proliferation of random bile ducts and associated epithelial hyperplasia to areas of fibrosis. Adult forms of the parasite were observed in the blood vessels of the portal space. The lungs exhibited moderate and diffuse interstitial pneumonia with intralesional S. mansoni eggs. In the kidneys, hyaline cylinder...
The Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) activity has been proposed as a biomarker of susceptibility t... more The Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) activity has been proposed as a biomarker of susceptibility to the presence of potentially damaging xenobiotics in aquatic organisms. The aim of this work was to measure GST activity in the liver of Sciades herzbergii (catfish) in order to evaluate the biochemical effects of pollutants. The catfish samples were collected along known pollution gradients areas (A1) and from areas regarded as relatively free of anthropogenic input (A2), in São Marcos Bay, São Luis de Maranhão, Brazil. The variables analyzed in fish were: length, weight, gonadal stages, gonadosomatic index and GST activity. The databases from this analysis were compiled, and generalized linear models were used to analyze the dependence of enzyme activity on the areas of sampling and on selected biological parameters of fish. A significant difference was observed in GST activity in the liver of S. herzbergii in the comparison between fish from the contaminated site and those from the r...
ABREU-SILVA, A.L.; LIMA, T.B.; DE MACEDO, AA.; MORAES-JÚNIOR, F. DE J.; DIAS, E.L.; BATISTA, Z. D... more ABREU-SILVA, A.L.; LIMA, T.B.; DE MACEDO, AA.; MORAES-JÚNIOR, F. DE J.; DIAS, E.L.; BATISTA, Z. DA S.; CALABRESE, K. DA S.; MORAES, J.L.P.; REBÊLO, J.M.M.; GUERRA, R.M.S.N. DE C. [Seroprevalence, clinical and biochemical data of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania and phlebotominae sandfly fauna in an endemic area in São Luis Island, Maranhão State, Brazil]. Soroprevalência, aspectos clínicos e bioquímicos da infecção por Leishmania em cães naturalmente infectados e fauna de flebotomíneos em uma área endêmica na ilha de São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, v. 17, supl. 1, p. 197-203, 2008. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Cidade Universitária Paulo VI, Caixa Postal 09, Tirirical, São Luís, MA 65055-970, Brasil. E-mail: anabreu@ioc.fiocruz.br The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence, clinical and biochemical profile of Leishmania chagasi infection in dogs naturally infected and identify the phlebo...
The current treatment of leishmaniasis induces strong side effects and increasing numbers of case... more The current treatment of leishmaniasis induces strong side effects and increasing numbers of cases of resistance to reference drugs have been reported. The discovery of the therapeutic properties of active substances in plant extracts represents an interesting field of research into a more efficient treatment against leishmaniasis. Morinda citrifolia, commonly known as noni, has demonstrated promising results as antileishmanial and immunomodulator. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate activity against axenic amastigote and hydrogen peroxide induction capacity by M. citrifolia fruit juice. Phytochemical screening identified anthraquinones, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, coumarins, phenolic compounds, tannins, anthocyanidins and chalcones. Noni juice exhibited dose-dependent activity and an IC of 240.1 µg/mL for axenic amastigotes. An absence of endotoxins was observed at the concentrations analyzed, while no cytotoxic effects were identified. Noni juice ...
Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is endemic in São Luís Maranhão/Brazil and it leads a varied ... more Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is endemic in São Luís Maranhão/Brazil and it leads a varied clinical picture, including neurological signs. Histopathological evaluation showed that 14 dogs exhibited pathological alterations in at least one of the analyzed areas. Of these, mononuclear inflammatory reaction was the most frequent, although other lesions, such as hemorrhage, chromatolysis and gliosis were also observed. The presence of L. infantum amastigotes was confirmed in eight dogs, identified in four regions: telencephalon, hippocampus, thalamus and caudal colliculus, but only one presented neurological signs. Polymerase chain reaction results detected the DNA of the parasite in 11 samples from seven dogs. The positive areas were the telencephalon, thalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum, caudal and rostral colliculus. These results reveal that during canine visceral leishmaniasis, the central nervous system may display some alterations, without necessarily exhibiting clinical neur...
Objetivou-se verificar a soroprevalência e os parâmetros clínicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de... more Objetivou-se verificar a soroprevalência e os parâmetros clínicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania em uma área endêmica. Realizou-se a sorologia pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) em 76 cães sem raça definida. Os resultados demonstraram que 28 (36,84%) foram positivos, enquanto 15 (53,57%) eram assintomáticos e 13 (46,43%) sintomáticos. Os sinais clínicos mais freqüentes foram onicogrifose, lesões de pele (alopecia, úlceras, descamação furfurácea) e linfoadenopatia localizada. Em 6 de 22 animais (27,27%) observou-se anemia. As análises bioquímicas indicaram que a infecção causada por Leishmania pode levar a alterações hepáticas. Não se observaram alterações renais. Conclui-se que os parâmetros bioquímicos podem ser úteis para acompanhar os estágios clínicos da doença.PALAVAS-CHAVES: Análises bioquímicas, hematologia, Leishmaniose visceral canina. This study aims at verifying the seroprevalence of dogs naturally infected with ...
After a subcutaneous injection of 100000 purified amastigotes of an isolate from a diffuse case o... more After a subcutaneous injection of 100000 purified amastigotes of an isolate from a diffuse case of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by the MHOM/BR/76/Ma-5 strain of Leishmania amazonensis, three inbred mouse strains developed a progressive nodular lesion, which evolved to an ulcerated lesion. Based on these data, mice of BALB/c, C57BL/6 or C57BL/10 could be classified as susceptible. The majority of mice developed metastases in the footpads, ear, tail, nose and oral mucosa. Amputation of the members related to the primary lesion was frequent. Experiments using the limiting dilution analysis showed that there was no correlation between lesion and parasite load. It has been demonstrated that these mouse strains could be considered excellent models for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis when infected with L. amazonensis. Metastatic lesions caused destruction of the nasal region with many parasitized macrophages under the epithelial surface of the nasal mucosa. Bone destruction occurred with an ...
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinária = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Órgão Oficial do Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária, 2008
The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence, clinical and biochemical profile of Le... more The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence, clinical and biochemical profile of Leishmania chagasi infection in dogs naturally infected and identify the phlebotominae fauna in an endemic area of São Luis Island. In this present study, 62 household mongrel dogs were sampled for antibodies anti-Leishmania. The seroprevalence was 51.61%. In the clinical evaluation, 36.68% dogs were symptomatic, 38.41% were oligosymptomatic and 26.13% were asymptomatic. The most frequent signs were onychogryphosis and lymphadenomegaly. In 29.41% animals were observed anemia. In the biochemical analysis hepatic function showed changes in relation to alaninoaminotransferase (ALT) and aspartato aminotransferase (AST). Urea values were higher than the references ones for canine specie. The following phlebotominae sandflies were identified: Lutzomyia longipalpis (86.9%), L. evandroi (9.6%), L. choti (2.1%), L. umbratilis (0.7%) e L. whitmani (0.7%).
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