É apresentado um histórico da evolução das pesquisas em Geomorfologia Costeira e seu desdobrament... more É apresentado um histórico da evolução das pesquisas em Geomorfologia Costeira e seu desdobramento para a Geografia Costeira e Marinha, no Laboratório de Geografia Marinha do Departamento de Geografia e associado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Inicia a análise na época da individualização dos Departamentos de Geografia e História da antiga Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia da Universidade do Brasil, na metade do século 20, abrangendo a reforma universitária e a associada profissionalização da carreira acadêmica. Após a mudança do Departamento de Geografia para o Instituto de Geociências, as atividades de pesquisa sobre caracterização geomorfológica da zona costeira, principalmente do estado do Rio de Janeiro, foram fortalecidas através de estudos sobre vulnerabilidade física e socioeconômica, bem como pela realização de levantamentos na zona marinha e sua integração com os processos costeiros.
Abstract. The coastal zone of Brazil includes a variety of coastal forms, such as wide occurrence... more Abstract. The coastal zone of Brazil includes a variety of coastal forms, such as wide occurrence of sedimentary cliffs, large and deeply incised estuaries, crystalline headlands and low-lying coastal plains. These forms will respond in different ways to the expected climate changes and associated sea level rise. The potential vulnerability of the distinct coastal types along the Brazilian coast to climate change is evaluated. Due to the low occupation of large sectors of the coastline, the risks are concentrated in the urbanized areas. The largest impacts are expected to be caused by floods. The absence of long-term observations of oceanographic data or detailed altimetric maps presents a major difficulty for the evaluation of different risk scenarios at the local level and consequently for the application of measures to minimize these impacts over the population.
Conscious of the problems created by tourism expansion and searching for a definition of the uses... more Conscious of the problems created by tourism expansion and searching for a definition of the uses compatible to the restoration and the maintenance of ecological equilibrium, the previous administration of the Archipelago organized a multidisciplinary group to gather data for the elaboration of the Master Plan for the development of the Archipelago in 1986. To achieve this objective, in a preliminary analysis, the work proposes to identify conservation areas, i.e., liable to be used for tourism without degrading the environment, and preservation areas where human interference would be virtually non-existent. The techniques of integrated evaluation were adopted, partially based on perception, having in mind the orientation of future studies as well as the identification of areas for emergency action. This paper discusses the study area, methodology and results.
This article presents a review of previous studies about the environment in Recife, the historica... more This article presents a review of previous studies about the environment in Recife, the historical development of the city, and the programs currently in progress with regard to coastal zone management. Although the available data (especially tidal data) is not sufficient to guarantee a trend in sea level, there is some degree of awareness about the importance of the subject. Possible impacts and responses are discussed. A series of recommendations is presented concerning the establishment of basic programs which could allow policy makers to make decisions regarding responses to sea level changes.
The coastline between Rio de Janeiro and Cabo Frio is characterized by successive long beach arcs... more The coastline between Rio de Janeiro and Cabo Frio is characterized by successive long beach arcs, oriented in the East-West direction. The beaches are separated by rocky headlands resulting from the erosional retreat of the front scour of the coastal range. Occupation of the coastal zone has sharply increased since 1974, as a consequence of better accessibility afforded by the construction of a bridge between Rio de Janeiro and Niteroi, as well as the growth of the metropolitan area. This work presents a preliminary view of some of the problems occurring along the coast between Niteroi and Cabo Frio. These problems become more serious within the next 50 to 150 years, causing highly valued property to be lost as a consequence of an already expected rise of the relative sea level. The paper discusses study methodology, characteristics of the littoral, and other aspects of the subject.
Abstract. The Peró coastal plain is one of the three morphological compartments located between B... more Abstract. The Peró coastal plain is one of the three morphological compartments located between Búzios and Arraial do Cabo, on the east coast of Rio de Janeiro State, characterized by the occurrence of dune fields, driven by northeasterly winds, obliquely oriented in relation to the coastline. In order to evaluate the stability of the coastline as well as of the dune system a topographical and sedimentological characterrization of the different morphodynamic units was made, consisting of topographic and bathymetric profiling, evaluation of eolian sediment transport through sediment traps, sediment sampling for grain size analysis and comparison of aerial photographs. The results indicate that during the period of investigation sediment transport from the beach-foredune to the main dune field was largely inhibited by the presence of vegetation, and that sediment transport was limited to the reworking of its own sediment stock. Climatic oscillation toward drier periods, whether the re...
O que e a zona costeira e qual sua importância? A zona costeira e legalmente definida como uma fa... more O que e a zona costeira e qual sua importância? A zona costeira e legalmente definida como uma faixa maritima de 12 milhas nauticas de largura (mar territorial) e uma faixa terrestre com 50 km de largura. Nos municipios banhados pelo mar ou as margens de estuarios, habitam aproximadamente 20% da populacao brasileira, concentrada principalmente na vizinhanca das capitais de Estados. Portos, exploracao de recursos minerais, turismo, aquicultura e areas de conservacao ou de protecao ambiental, alem de moradia, sao as principais atividades economicas ou tipos de ocupacao da zona costeira. A elevacao do nivel medio do mar seria a principal e unico fator de impacto sobre a zona costeira? A combinacao da expansao termica e do aumento do volume dos mares pelo derretimento das geleiras localizadas nos continentes, resultaria num aumento do nivel medio do mar da ordem de 50 cm ate 2100. Sabe-se, porem, que fatores meteorologicos podem provocar elevacoes transientes bem maiores que os valores ...
The Pero coastal plain is one of the three morphological compartments located between Buzios and ... more The Pero coastal plain is one of the three morphological compartments located between Buzios and Arraial do Cabo, on the east coast of Rio de Janeiro State, characterized by the occurrence of dune fields, driven by northeasterly winds, obliquely oriented in relation to the coastline. In order to evaluate the stability of the coastline as well as of the dune system a topographical and sedimentological characterrization of the different morphodynamic units was made, consisting of topographic and bathymetric profiling, evaluation of eolian sediment transport through sediment traps, sediment sampling for grain size analysis and comparison of aerial photographs. The results indicate that during the period of investigation sediment transport from the beach-foredune to the main dune field was largely inhibited by the presence of vegetation, and that sediment transport was limited to the reworking of its own sediment stock. Climatic oscillation toward drier periods, whether the result of gl...
Coastal erosion along the Brazilian shoreline although widespread and in some segment severe is n... more Coastal erosion along the Brazilian shoreline although widespread and in some segment severe is not yet a serious threat considering the coast as a whole. Ma...
É apresentado um histórico da evolução das pesquisas em Geomorfologia Costeira e seu desdobrament... more É apresentado um histórico da evolução das pesquisas em Geomorfologia Costeira e seu desdobramento para a Geografia Costeira e Marinha, no Laboratório de Geografia Marinha do Departamento de Geografia e associado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Inicia a análise na época da individualização dos Departamentos de Geografia e História da antiga Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia da Universidade do Brasil, na metade do século 20, abrangendo a reforma universitária e a associada profissionalização da carreira acadêmica. Após a mudança do Departamento de Geografia para o Instituto de Geociências, as atividades de pesquisa sobre caracterização geomorfológica da zona costeira, principalmente do estado do Rio de Janeiro, foram fortalecidas através de estudos sobre vulnerabilidade física e socioeconômica, bem como pela realização de levantamentos na zona marinha e sua integração com os processos costeiros.
Abstract. The coastal zone of Brazil includes a variety of coastal forms, such as wide occurrence... more Abstract. The coastal zone of Brazil includes a variety of coastal forms, such as wide occurrence of sedimentary cliffs, large and deeply incised estuaries, crystalline headlands and low-lying coastal plains. These forms will respond in different ways to the expected climate changes and associated sea level rise. The potential vulnerability of the distinct coastal types along the Brazilian coast to climate change is evaluated. Due to the low occupation of large sectors of the coastline, the risks are concentrated in the urbanized areas. The largest impacts are expected to be caused by floods. The absence of long-term observations of oceanographic data or detailed altimetric maps presents a major difficulty for the evaluation of different risk scenarios at the local level and consequently for the application of measures to minimize these impacts over the population.
Conscious of the problems created by tourism expansion and searching for a definition of the uses... more Conscious of the problems created by tourism expansion and searching for a definition of the uses compatible to the restoration and the maintenance of ecological equilibrium, the previous administration of the Archipelago organized a multidisciplinary group to gather data for the elaboration of the Master Plan for the development of the Archipelago in 1986. To achieve this objective, in a preliminary analysis, the work proposes to identify conservation areas, i.e., liable to be used for tourism without degrading the environment, and preservation areas where human interference would be virtually non-existent. The techniques of integrated evaluation were adopted, partially based on perception, having in mind the orientation of future studies as well as the identification of areas for emergency action. This paper discusses the study area, methodology and results.
This article presents a review of previous studies about the environment in Recife, the historica... more This article presents a review of previous studies about the environment in Recife, the historical development of the city, and the programs currently in progress with regard to coastal zone management. Although the available data (especially tidal data) is not sufficient to guarantee a trend in sea level, there is some degree of awareness about the importance of the subject. Possible impacts and responses are discussed. A series of recommendations is presented concerning the establishment of basic programs which could allow policy makers to make decisions regarding responses to sea level changes.
The coastline between Rio de Janeiro and Cabo Frio is characterized by successive long beach arcs... more The coastline between Rio de Janeiro and Cabo Frio is characterized by successive long beach arcs, oriented in the East-West direction. The beaches are separated by rocky headlands resulting from the erosional retreat of the front scour of the coastal range. Occupation of the coastal zone has sharply increased since 1974, as a consequence of better accessibility afforded by the construction of a bridge between Rio de Janeiro and Niteroi, as well as the growth of the metropolitan area. This work presents a preliminary view of some of the problems occurring along the coast between Niteroi and Cabo Frio. These problems become more serious within the next 50 to 150 years, causing highly valued property to be lost as a consequence of an already expected rise of the relative sea level. The paper discusses study methodology, characteristics of the littoral, and other aspects of the subject.
Abstract. The Peró coastal plain is one of the three morphological compartments located between B... more Abstract. The Peró coastal plain is one of the three morphological compartments located between Búzios and Arraial do Cabo, on the east coast of Rio de Janeiro State, characterized by the occurrence of dune fields, driven by northeasterly winds, obliquely oriented in relation to the coastline. In order to evaluate the stability of the coastline as well as of the dune system a topographical and sedimentological characterrization of the different morphodynamic units was made, consisting of topographic and bathymetric profiling, evaluation of eolian sediment transport through sediment traps, sediment sampling for grain size analysis and comparison of aerial photographs. The results indicate that during the period of investigation sediment transport from the beach-foredune to the main dune field was largely inhibited by the presence of vegetation, and that sediment transport was limited to the reworking of its own sediment stock. Climatic oscillation toward drier periods, whether the re...
O que e a zona costeira e qual sua importância? A zona costeira e legalmente definida como uma fa... more O que e a zona costeira e qual sua importância? A zona costeira e legalmente definida como uma faixa maritima de 12 milhas nauticas de largura (mar territorial) e uma faixa terrestre com 50 km de largura. Nos municipios banhados pelo mar ou as margens de estuarios, habitam aproximadamente 20% da populacao brasileira, concentrada principalmente na vizinhanca das capitais de Estados. Portos, exploracao de recursos minerais, turismo, aquicultura e areas de conservacao ou de protecao ambiental, alem de moradia, sao as principais atividades economicas ou tipos de ocupacao da zona costeira. A elevacao do nivel medio do mar seria a principal e unico fator de impacto sobre a zona costeira? A combinacao da expansao termica e do aumento do volume dos mares pelo derretimento das geleiras localizadas nos continentes, resultaria num aumento do nivel medio do mar da ordem de 50 cm ate 2100. Sabe-se, porem, que fatores meteorologicos podem provocar elevacoes transientes bem maiores que os valores ...
The Pero coastal plain is one of the three morphological compartments located between Buzios and ... more The Pero coastal plain is one of the three morphological compartments located between Buzios and Arraial do Cabo, on the east coast of Rio de Janeiro State, characterized by the occurrence of dune fields, driven by northeasterly winds, obliquely oriented in relation to the coastline. In order to evaluate the stability of the coastline as well as of the dune system a topographical and sedimentological characterrization of the different morphodynamic units was made, consisting of topographic and bathymetric profiling, evaluation of eolian sediment transport through sediment traps, sediment sampling for grain size analysis and comparison of aerial photographs. The results indicate that during the period of investigation sediment transport from the beach-foredune to the main dune field was largely inhibited by the presence of vegetation, and that sediment transport was limited to the reworking of its own sediment stock. Climatic oscillation toward drier periods, whether the result of gl...
Coastal erosion along the Brazilian shoreline although widespread and in some segment severe is n... more Coastal erosion along the Brazilian shoreline although widespread and in some segment severe is not yet a serious threat considering the coast as a whole. Ma...
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