Sera obtained from pampas-deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) captured in two different Brazilian envir... more Sera obtained from pampas-deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) captured in two different Brazilian environments were analyzed for the presence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Samples were collected from 23 animals from a savanna area in the National Park of Emas, in the state of Goiás, Brazil. This area is surrounded by cultivated lands and allows very little contact between wild and domestic animals. Another batch of samples was collected from 16 animals from the Pantanal region, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. This area is a flood plain where domestic animals have intensive contact with cervids. The 39 samples were analyzed (IFAT ≥ 1:50), and the values for the occurrences found in the animals from each region were compared by the test for comparison of two proportions. Of the 39 cervids examined, 38.46% (15) had anti-N. caninum antibodies. Three (13%) of the 23 samples from the National Park of Emas, and 12 (75%) of the 16 samples from the Pantanal were positive, with significant differences between regions (p < 0.001). These results suggested that the presence of domestic animals, mainly dogs and cattle, may be responsible for the greater occurrence of N. caninum in the Pantanal cervids.Thus, as a recommendation of the Conservation Units that care for the pampas-deer, attention should be taken to carefully monitor the flow of diseases between the domestic animals and this species.
The prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp antibodies was investigated in 2,109 female cattle from 86 ... more The prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp antibodies was investigated in 2,109 female cattle from 86 herds of Monte Negro municipality, Rondônia, Brazil. Sera samples were evaluated by Microscopic Agglutination Test against 24 leptospira serovars. Titers =100 for at least one of 24 leptospira serovars were detected in 1,114 cows (52.8%) from 82 (95.3%) herds. The adjusted overall prevalence for Monte Negro municipality was 53.9% (49-58.7%; CI: 95%). The most prevalent serovars were Hardjo (14.5%), Wolffi (12.3%), Shermani (10.8%), Patoc (7.9%), and Hebdomadis (6.1%). Other serovars worldwidely reported like Bratislava, Pomona and Grippotyphosa were detected in low levels.
For evaluation of the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and its associated risk fact... more For evaluation of the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and its associated risk factors, serum samples from 2109 cattle (11 beef, 50 dairy and 25 mixed farms) and 174 dogs were examined in the State of Rondônia, Western Amazon, Brazil. An inquiry was applied in each farm. Sera were examined by the Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT) using cut off dilution of 1:25 for cattle and 1:50 for dogs. Statistical association between the serologic status and several variables were analyzed by linear and logistic regression. The overall herd prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies for 86 farms was 72% (61.3–81.2%). Prevalence values were 100, 70 and 64% in beef, dairy and mixed herds, respectively. Herd prevalence in beef herds was significantly different (P < 0.05) from dairy and mixed herds. The overall animal prevalence of N. caninum in cattle was 8.8%. Prevalence values by animal were similar in different production types (P > 0.05), with values of 9.5, 11.2 and 9.7% for beef, dairy or mixed cattle, respectively. Antibodies were found in 12.6% of the 174 examined dogs. Sixteen (22.8%) out of 70 farms with dogs had at least one dog with anti-N. caninum antibodies. The occurrence of antibodies in cattle was statistically associated with farms having more than 25 cows (OR 9.7, 95% IC 2.9–32.2; P = 0.0002). There was no significant association between the presence of the dogs, jungle contact or reproductive variables with the occurrence of antibodies in cattle.
Anti-Neospora caninum antibodies were determined in sera of 196 water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)... more Anti-Neospora caninum antibodies were determined in sera of 196 water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from three farms of the northern region of Brazil, using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. Antibody titers were found in 139 (70.9%) buffaloes with dilution values ranging from ≥25 to <200 in 41 animals, ≥200 to <800 in 35 animals, and ≥800 in 63 animals. The number of animals presenting titers ≥800 was statistically higher (p < 0.05). All farms presented positive animals, however, the occurrence was higher (p < 0.05) in farm 1 (87.2%) when compared with farm 2 (65.7%) and farm 3 (65.8%). The occurrence by age groups presented no differences (p > 0.05). Results indicate a high exposure of water buffaloes to N. caninum in the Northern region of Brazil.
The aim of this study was to determine the congenital infection by Neospora caninum in the water ... more The aim of this study was to determine the congenital infection by Neospora caninum in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), a natural intermediate host. Nine pregnant water buffalos, raised under free-grazing condition, were slaughtered, and their fetuses were collected. Samples of brain and thoracic fluid were obtained from those fetuses, with gestational ages ranging from 2 to 5 months. The DNA of N. caninum was detected and identified in the brain of one of those fetuses, using two PCR assays, one directed to the Nc5 gene and the other, to the common toxoplasmatiid ITS1 sequence. The DNA fragments produced on PCR were sequenced, and N. caninum was confirmed in the samples. No antibodies to N. caninum were detected on any sample of thoracic fluid by immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT < 25). This is the first confirmation of congenital transmission of N. caninum in water buffalos.
Neospora caninum is a coccidian parasite that causes disease in captive and domesticated animals ... more Neospora caninum is a coccidian parasite that causes disease in captive and domesticated animals and has been found in wild animals such as cervids. Sera from 150 cervids of the genus Mazama, were collected from 31 captive herds and 16 zoos from different Brazilian regions and analyzed by indirect fluorescent antibody test for anti-N. caninum antibodies. Positive reactions were found in 42% (63) of the samples and the titers varied from 50 to 51,200. Of the 86 cervids from the captive herds, 38 (44.2%) had anti N. caninum antibodies and of the 64 samples from the zoo, 25 (39.1%) were positive. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found for the occurrence values observed between the animals from captive herds and zoos as well as within the values documented for each one of the species analyzed. Therefore, the results indicate that the agent is prevalent from cervids in captivity in Brazil.
Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 2002
Dois experimentos foram conduzidos com o objetivo de se observar as alterações do número de ovos ... more Dois experimentos foram conduzidos com o objetivo de se observar as alterações do número de ovos de nematódeos por grama de fezes (OPG) eliminados por vacas no período do peri-parto. No primeiro foram utilizadas vacas de raças européia (leiteiras) e zebuínas (de corte), da 6ª semana pré-parto à 6ª semana pós-parto. Observou-se diferença significativa (p<0,05) com maior número de animais leiteiros apresentando ovos de nematódeos nas fezes durante o peri-parto. Na categoria de animais leiteiros, houve um aumento significativo no OPG no momento do parto e na semana quatro pós-parto, em relação ao pré-parto. Também nesta categoria, observou-se uma associação negativa entre o número de partos e a positividade em relação ao OPG (p<0,05). Devido ao comportamento diferenciado dos animais leiteiros um segundo experimento foi feito para se comparar, nessa categoria animal, as alterações de OPG da quarta semana pré-parto à décima pós-parto, em vacas de primeira e segunda crias e três ou mais crias. Observou-se diferença significativa, com os animais de primeira e segunda crias apresentando maiores valores de OPG nas semanas dois, três e quatro pós-parto (p<0,05). Os valores de OPG para os animais de primeira e segunda crias foram de 0 - 1800, enquanto nos animais mais velhos a variação foi de 0 - 150 OPG. Os resultados de ambos os estudos sugerem que um esquema de controle contra nematódeos gastrintestinais deva ser implantado em vacas de primeira e segunda crias com o uso de anti-helmínticos no pré-parto, ao redor da segunda semana antes dos nascimentos.
Sera obtained from pampas-deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) captured in two different Brazilian envir... more Sera obtained from pampas-deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) captured in two different Brazilian environments were analyzed for the presence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Samples were collected from 23 animals from a savanna area in the National Park of Emas, in the state of Goiás, Brazil. This area is surrounded by cultivated lands and allows very little contact between wild and domestic animals. Another batch of samples was collected from 16 animals from the Pantanal region, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. This area is a flood plain where domestic animals have intensive contact with cervids. The 39 samples were analyzed (IFAT ≥ 1:50), and the values for the occurrences found in the animals from each region were compared by the test for comparison of two proportions. Of the 39 cervids examined, 38.46% (15) had anti-N. caninum antibodies. Three (13%) of the 23 samples from the National Park of Emas, and 12 (75%) of the 16 samples from the Pantanal were positive, with significant differences between regions (p < 0.001). These results suggested that the presence of domestic animals, mainly dogs and cattle, may be responsible for the greater occurrence of N. caninum in the Pantanal cervids.Thus, as a recommendation of the Conservation Units that care for the pampas-deer, attention should be taken to carefully monitor the flow of diseases between the domestic animals and this species.
The prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp antibodies was investigated in 2,109 female cattle from 86 ... more The prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp antibodies was investigated in 2,109 female cattle from 86 herds of Monte Negro municipality, Rondônia, Brazil. Sera samples were evaluated by Microscopic Agglutination Test against 24 leptospira serovars. Titers =100 for at least one of 24 leptospira serovars were detected in 1,114 cows (52.8%) from 82 (95.3%) herds. The adjusted overall prevalence for Monte Negro municipality was 53.9% (49-58.7%; CI: 95%). The most prevalent serovars were Hardjo (14.5%), Wolffi (12.3%), Shermani (10.8%), Patoc (7.9%), and Hebdomadis (6.1%). Other serovars worldwidely reported like Bratislava, Pomona and Grippotyphosa were detected in low levels.
For evaluation of the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and its associated risk fact... more For evaluation of the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and its associated risk factors, serum samples from 2109 cattle (11 beef, 50 dairy and 25 mixed farms) and 174 dogs were examined in the State of Rondônia, Western Amazon, Brazil. An inquiry was applied in each farm. Sera were examined by the Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT) using cut off dilution of 1:25 for cattle and 1:50 for dogs. Statistical association between the serologic status and several variables were analyzed by linear and logistic regression. The overall herd prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies for 86 farms was 72% (61.3–81.2%). Prevalence values were 100, 70 and 64% in beef, dairy and mixed herds, respectively. Herd prevalence in beef herds was significantly different (P < 0.05) from dairy and mixed herds. The overall animal prevalence of N. caninum in cattle was 8.8%. Prevalence values by animal were similar in different production types (P > 0.05), with values of 9.5, 11.2 and 9.7% for beef, dairy or mixed cattle, respectively. Antibodies were found in 12.6% of the 174 examined dogs. Sixteen (22.8%) out of 70 farms with dogs had at least one dog with anti-N. caninum antibodies. The occurrence of antibodies in cattle was statistically associated with farms having more than 25 cows (OR 9.7, 95% IC 2.9–32.2; P = 0.0002). There was no significant association between the presence of the dogs, jungle contact or reproductive variables with the occurrence of antibodies in cattle.
Anti-Neospora caninum antibodies were determined in sera of 196 water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)... more Anti-Neospora caninum antibodies were determined in sera of 196 water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from three farms of the northern region of Brazil, using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. Antibody titers were found in 139 (70.9%) buffaloes with dilution values ranging from ≥25 to <200 in 41 animals, ≥200 to <800 in 35 animals, and ≥800 in 63 animals. The number of animals presenting titers ≥800 was statistically higher (p < 0.05). All farms presented positive animals, however, the occurrence was higher (p < 0.05) in farm 1 (87.2%) when compared with farm 2 (65.7%) and farm 3 (65.8%). The occurrence by age groups presented no differences (p > 0.05). Results indicate a high exposure of water buffaloes to N. caninum in the Northern region of Brazil.
The aim of this study was to determine the congenital infection by Neospora caninum in the water ... more The aim of this study was to determine the congenital infection by Neospora caninum in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), a natural intermediate host. Nine pregnant water buffalos, raised under free-grazing condition, were slaughtered, and their fetuses were collected. Samples of brain and thoracic fluid were obtained from those fetuses, with gestational ages ranging from 2 to 5 months. The DNA of N. caninum was detected and identified in the brain of one of those fetuses, using two PCR assays, one directed to the Nc5 gene and the other, to the common toxoplasmatiid ITS1 sequence. The DNA fragments produced on PCR were sequenced, and N. caninum was confirmed in the samples. No antibodies to N. caninum were detected on any sample of thoracic fluid by immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT < 25). This is the first confirmation of congenital transmission of N. caninum in water buffalos.
Neospora caninum is a coccidian parasite that causes disease in captive and domesticated animals ... more Neospora caninum is a coccidian parasite that causes disease in captive and domesticated animals and has been found in wild animals such as cervids. Sera from 150 cervids of the genus Mazama, were collected from 31 captive herds and 16 zoos from different Brazilian regions and analyzed by indirect fluorescent antibody test for anti-N. caninum antibodies. Positive reactions were found in 42% (63) of the samples and the titers varied from 50 to 51,200. Of the 86 cervids from the captive herds, 38 (44.2%) had anti N. caninum antibodies and of the 64 samples from the zoo, 25 (39.1%) were positive. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found for the occurrence values observed between the animals from captive herds and zoos as well as within the values documented for each one of the species analyzed. Therefore, the results indicate that the agent is prevalent from cervids in captivity in Brazil.
Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 2002
Dois experimentos foram conduzidos com o objetivo de se observar as alterações do número de ovos ... more Dois experimentos foram conduzidos com o objetivo de se observar as alterações do número de ovos de nematódeos por grama de fezes (OPG) eliminados por vacas no período do peri-parto. No primeiro foram utilizadas vacas de raças européia (leiteiras) e zebuínas (de corte), da 6ª semana pré-parto à 6ª semana pós-parto. Observou-se diferença significativa (p<0,05) com maior número de animais leiteiros apresentando ovos de nematódeos nas fezes durante o peri-parto. Na categoria de animais leiteiros, houve um aumento significativo no OPG no momento do parto e na semana quatro pós-parto, em relação ao pré-parto. Também nesta categoria, observou-se uma associação negativa entre o número de partos e a positividade em relação ao OPG (p<0,05). Devido ao comportamento diferenciado dos animais leiteiros um segundo experimento foi feito para se comparar, nessa categoria animal, as alterações de OPG da quarta semana pré-parto à décima pós-parto, em vacas de primeira e segunda crias e três ou mais crias. Observou-se diferença significativa, com os animais de primeira e segunda crias apresentando maiores valores de OPG nas semanas dois, três e quatro pós-parto (p<0,05). Os valores de OPG para os animais de primeira e segunda crias foram de 0 - 1800, enquanto nos animais mais velhos a variação foi de 0 - 150 OPG. Os resultados de ambos os estudos sugerem que um esquema de controle contra nematódeos gastrintestinais deva ser implantado em vacas de primeira e segunda crias com o uso de anti-helmínticos no pré-parto, ao redor da segunda semana antes dos nascimentos.
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