Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2018
A gallery of hydrotalcite-type mesoporous materials with different Mg/Al molar ratios were synthe... more A gallery of hydrotalcite-type mesoporous materials with different Mg/Al molar ratios were synthesized by the coprecipitation method. The materials were activated by heat treatment to test their activity in the photodegradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol under UV light irradiation. The physicochemical properties of the different synthesized and activated materials were determined using XRD, physical adsorption/desorption of N2, FTIR, SEM, DTA, and TGA. Their banned band energy was determined by UV-Vis to identify their potential to be used as a semiconductor in catalytic photodegradation processes. The results of photodegradation tests of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol showed that hydrotalcites have a high degradation capacity, up to 100% for the catalyst of Mg/Al ratio = 2, with a high mineralization capacity of 80%. The degradation capacity of most of the catalysts tested is mainly due to the presence of holes and the formation of superoxide free radicals, which are the determining species w...
El ZnO es un material semiconductor con una banda prohibida de 3.32 eV, la estructura cristalina ... more El ZnO es un material semiconductor con una banda prohibida de 3.32 eV, la estructura cristalina mas estable mas estable es la Wurtzita mientras que para el e-Zn(OH)2 es la Wulfingita. El ZnO es un material es de gran interes industrial se utiliza en varios campos. En las ultimas decadas se han utilizado diferentes metodos para la sintesis del ZnO considerando alta tecnologia; sin embargo, el metodo de precipitacion quimica continua siendo vigente manteniendo su gran interes en aplicarlo ya que su costo economico y tecnologico es relativamente muy bajo comparado con los antes mencionados. En este trabajo la obtencion de los materiales de interes mediante la tecnica de preparacion quimica. La caracterizacion de los de los polvos obtenidos principalmente se utilizo la Microscopia Electronica de Barrido (SEM) para el analisis de la morfologia y tamano de particula y la Difraccion de Rayos-X (DRX) para la identificacion de fases cristalinas. Con estos resultados previos se puede conside...
En este trabajo se determinan las fórmulas estructurales de minerales arcillosos contenidos en ar... more En este trabajo se determinan las fórmulas estructurales de minerales arcillosos contenidos en arcillas provenientes de localizaciones geológicas de los municipios de Comonfort, Jerécuaro, Victoria y San Francisco del Rincón, pertenecientes al Estado de Guanajuato, México. El método utilizado fue el propuesto por Moore y Reynolds, mediante el análisis de la fórmula resultante, se deducen tanto el tipo de especie (dioctaédrica o trioctaédrica) como el origen y el valor de la carga de capa con lo cual se identifican los minerales arcillosos presentes. Se obtienen dos minerales tipo montmorillonita, uno tipo beidellita y otro más tipo vermiculita, éste último con tendencia a formar parte de la serie esmectita-vermiculita.
La industria cerámica es una actividad muy importante en varios municipios del estado de Guanajua... more La industria cerámica es una actividad muy importante en varios municipios del estado de Guanajuato, donde se mantiene una gran demanda de arcillas como materia prima para la formulación de pastas en la manufactura de productos cerámicos utilitarios y ornamentales. Tradicionalmente han existido evidencias de yacimientos importantes de arcillas de calidad cerámica en el estado de Guanajuato, pero aún no han sido completamente caracterizados y cuantificados. Así, considerando la importancia de esta materia prima para la industria cerámica de la región, y las dificultades para disponer de materiales cerámicos comerciales de calidad a bajo costo, el Centro de Investigaciones en Química Inorgánica y la Dirección de Fomento Minero del Estado de Guanajuato, establecieron un proyecto de colaboración, enfocado al estudio de yacimientos seleccionados, contemplando los siguientes aspectos: caracterización de las arcillas, evaluación de sus propiedades cerámicas, y cálculo de las reservas exist...
ABSTRACTAluminum lithium hydroxide carbonate hydrate, also known as Al-Li double hydroxide or Al-... more ABSTRACTAluminum lithium hydroxide carbonate hydrate, also known as Al-Li double hydroxide or Al-Li hydrotalcite-like compound [Al2Li(OH)6]2CO3•nH2O, was prepared from basic aluminum sulfate. This compound was prepared by precipitation in homogeneous solution of an aluminum bisulfite solution. A sodium aluminate aqueous solution was prepared by dissolving basic aluminum sulfate in 1M sodium hydroxide. The Al-Li double hydroxide was obtained after addition of lithium carbonate satured solution to the sodium aluminate solution, at 60 °C. The synthesized powder was characterized by thermal analysis (TG, DTG and DTA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By this method crystalline Li-Al hydrotalcite like compound with composition near to Al4Li2(OH)12CO3 •3H2O was obtained.
Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2021
Abstract Diffraction patterns of polyacrylic acid (PAA) encapsulated-(Fe)-modified ZnAl hydrotalc... more Abstract Diffraction patterns of polyacrylic acid (PAA) encapsulated-(Fe)-modified ZnAl hydrotalcite (ZnAlH) showed the integration of Fe in the H lattice, resulting in a hybrid nanocomposite (Fe-PAA-ZnAlH), which was mainly verified with the characteristic shift in the 59–63° (2θ) region of the ZnAlH (110) reflection plane. The rise in the unit cell parameters (c and a) as the Fe % incremented, denoted incorporation of Fe in the ZnAlH red. Nonetheless, changes in the immobilizer molecular weight (PAA MW) from 1250 kDa to 5.1 kDa did not cause a difference in the distance between layers (c parameter) but in the cation-cation separation (a parameter), which meant that the nanoparticle was not located between layers, but in the lattice. The resulting band gap energies of the calcined hybrid nanocomposites were among 1.07–1.21 eV, which is an additional support of Fe+3 integration, suggesting insertion of Fe+3 3d orbitals between the valence and the conduction band of ZnO. Furthermore, nZVI were prepared through a pre-agglomeration reduction method, where COOH-groups were bound to metal cations. Initially, aqueous Fe+2 was bound to PAA [Fe+2-PAA], then reduced to obtain enclosed hybrid (nZVI-PAA). Less stability and more aggregation were observed with the lower molecular weight PAA. Additionally, PAA dissociation caused by pH changes affected the clustering of the nZVI particles. At higher MW, the hydrodynamic diameter and size distribution become smaller and tighter, respectively, allowing a more monodispersed population with sphere shape and organized in core–shell beads chains.
In this work there was studied the structural, textural and effect that has treat thermal on the ... more In this work there was studied the structural, textural and effect that has treat thermal on the removal of Cr (VI) of nanoMg/Al hydrotalcite (NHT) synthesized by the sol-gel method with a ratio of Mg/Al=3. These present the characterization of the nanoMg/Al hydrotalcite before and after Cr (VI) removal, as well as the kinetic studies and of balance. In agreement with the results, when the NHT are thermal treated to 350 °C the hydrotalcite crystalline structure remains but the textural properties are improved and structural. The NHT synthesized by the sol-gel method present a good capacity of removal with values of 91 mg of Cr (VI) removed / g of NHT. The above mentioned capacity of removal gets improved after thermal treating the material, reaching values of removal of 124 mg of Cr (VI) removed / g of NHT. The NHT with the Cr (VI) absorbed show decrease of the crystalline structure, as well as a saturation of the pores that annuls the porosity due to the fact that the Cr (VI) lodge...
In under-developed countries, industries such as paint and pigment manufacturing, leather tanning... more In under-developed countries, industries such as paint and pigment manufacturing, leather tanning, chrome plating and textile processing, usually discharge effluents containing Cr (VI) and Cr (III) into municipal sanitary sewers. It has been reported that Cr (VI) acts as a ...
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2018
A gallery of hydrotalcite-type mesoporous materials with different Mg/Al molar ratios were synthe... more A gallery of hydrotalcite-type mesoporous materials with different Mg/Al molar ratios were synthesized by the coprecipitation method. The materials were activated by heat treatment to test their activity in the photodegradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol under UV light irradiation. The physicochemical properties of the different synthesized and activated materials were determined using XRD, physical adsorption/desorption of N2, FTIR, SEM, DTA, and TGA. Their banned band energy was determined by UV-Vis to identify their potential to be used as a semiconductor in catalytic photodegradation processes. The results of photodegradation tests of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol showed that hydrotalcites have a high degradation capacity, up to 100% for the catalyst of Mg/Al ratio = 2, with a high mineralization capacity of 80%. The degradation capacity of most of the catalysts tested is mainly due to the presence of holes and the formation of superoxide free radicals, which are the determining species w...
El ZnO es un material semiconductor con una banda prohibida de 3.32 eV, la estructura cristalina ... more El ZnO es un material semiconductor con una banda prohibida de 3.32 eV, la estructura cristalina mas estable mas estable es la Wurtzita mientras que para el e-Zn(OH)2 es la Wulfingita. El ZnO es un material es de gran interes industrial se utiliza en varios campos. En las ultimas decadas se han utilizado diferentes metodos para la sintesis del ZnO considerando alta tecnologia; sin embargo, el metodo de precipitacion quimica continua siendo vigente manteniendo su gran interes en aplicarlo ya que su costo economico y tecnologico es relativamente muy bajo comparado con los antes mencionados. En este trabajo la obtencion de los materiales de interes mediante la tecnica de preparacion quimica. La caracterizacion de los de los polvos obtenidos principalmente se utilizo la Microscopia Electronica de Barrido (SEM) para el analisis de la morfologia y tamano de particula y la Difraccion de Rayos-X (DRX) para la identificacion de fases cristalinas. Con estos resultados previos se puede conside...
En este trabajo se determinan las fórmulas estructurales de minerales arcillosos contenidos en ar... more En este trabajo se determinan las fórmulas estructurales de minerales arcillosos contenidos en arcillas provenientes de localizaciones geológicas de los municipios de Comonfort, Jerécuaro, Victoria y San Francisco del Rincón, pertenecientes al Estado de Guanajuato, México. El método utilizado fue el propuesto por Moore y Reynolds, mediante el análisis de la fórmula resultante, se deducen tanto el tipo de especie (dioctaédrica o trioctaédrica) como el origen y el valor de la carga de capa con lo cual se identifican los minerales arcillosos presentes. Se obtienen dos minerales tipo montmorillonita, uno tipo beidellita y otro más tipo vermiculita, éste último con tendencia a formar parte de la serie esmectita-vermiculita.
La industria cerámica es una actividad muy importante en varios municipios del estado de Guanajua... more La industria cerámica es una actividad muy importante en varios municipios del estado de Guanajuato, donde se mantiene una gran demanda de arcillas como materia prima para la formulación de pastas en la manufactura de productos cerámicos utilitarios y ornamentales. Tradicionalmente han existido evidencias de yacimientos importantes de arcillas de calidad cerámica en el estado de Guanajuato, pero aún no han sido completamente caracterizados y cuantificados. Así, considerando la importancia de esta materia prima para la industria cerámica de la región, y las dificultades para disponer de materiales cerámicos comerciales de calidad a bajo costo, el Centro de Investigaciones en Química Inorgánica y la Dirección de Fomento Minero del Estado de Guanajuato, establecieron un proyecto de colaboración, enfocado al estudio de yacimientos seleccionados, contemplando los siguientes aspectos: caracterización de las arcillas, evaluación de sus propiedades cerámicas, y cálculo de las reservas exist...
ABSTRACTAluminum lithium hydroxide carbonate hydrate, also known as Al-Li double hydroxide or Al-... more ABSTRACTAluminum lithium hydroxide carbonate hydrate, also known as Al-Li double hydroxide or Al-Li hydrotalcite-like compound [Al2Li(OH)6]2CO3•nH2O, was prepared from basic aluminum sulfate. This compound was prepared by precipitation in homogeneous solution of an aluminum bisulfite solution. A sodium aluminate aqueous solution was prepared by dissolving basic aluminum sulfate in 1M sodium hydroxide. The Al-Li double hydroxide was obtained after addition of lithium carbonate satured solution to the sodium aluminate solution, at 60 °C. The synthesized powder was characterized by thermal analysis (TG, DTG and DTA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By this method crystalline Li-Al hydrotalcite like compound with composition near to Al4Li2(OH)12CO3 •3H2O was obtained.
Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2021
Abstract Diffraction patterns of polyacrylic acid (PAA) encapsulated-(Fe)-modified ZnAl hydrotalc... more Abstract Diffraction patterns of polyacrylic acid (PAA) encapsulated-(Fe)-modified ZnAl hydrotalcite (ZnAlH) showed the integration of Fe in the H lattice, resulting in a hybrid nanocomposite (Fe-PAA-ZnAlH), which was mainly verified with the characteristic shift in the 59–63° (2θ) region of the ZnAlH (110) reflection plane. The rise in the unit cell parameters (c and a) as the Fe % incremented, denoted incorporation of Fe in the ZnAlH red. Nonetheless, changes in the immobilizer molecular weight (PAA MW) from 1250 kDa to 5.1 kDa did not cause a difference in the distance between layers (c parameter) but in the cation-cation separation (a parameter), which meant that the nanoparticle was not located between layers, but in the lattice. The resulting band gap energies of the calcined hybrid nanocomposites were among 1.07–1.21 eV, which is an additional support of Fe+3 integration, suggesting insertion of Fe+3 3d orbitals between the valence and the conduction band of ZnO. Furthermore, nZVI were prepared through a pre-agglomeration reduction method, where COOH-groups were bound to metal cations. Initially, aqueous Fe+2 was bound to PAA [Fe+2-PAA], then reduced to obtain enclosed hybrid (nZVI-PAA). Less stability and more aggregation were observed with the lower molecular weight PAA. Additionally, PAA dissociation caused by pH changes affected the clustering of the nZVI particles. At higher MW, the hydrodynamic diameter and size distribution become smaller and tighter, respectively, allowing a more monodispersed population with sphere shape and organized in core–shell beads chains.
In this work there was studied the structural, textural and effect that has treat thermal on the ... more In this work there was studied the structural, textural and effect that has treat thermal on the removal of Cr (VI) of nanoMg/Al hydrotalcite (NHT) synthesized by the sol-gel method with a ratio of Mg/Al=3. These present the characterization of the nanoMg/Al hydrotalcite before and after Cr (VI) removal, as well as the kinetic studies and of balance. In agreement with the results, when the NHT are thermal treated to 350 °C the hydrotalcite crystalline structure remains but the textural properties are improved and structural. The NHT synthesized by the sol-gel method present a good capacity of removal with values of 91 mg of Cr (VI) removed / g of NHT. The above mentioned capacity of removal gets improved after thermal treating the material, reaching values of removal of 124 mg of Cr (VI) removed / g of NHT. The NHT with the Cr (VI) absorbed show decrease of the crystalline structure, as well as a saturation of the pores that annuls the porosity due to the fact that the Cr (VI) lodge...
In under-developed countries, industries such as paint and pigment manufacturing, leather tanning... more In under-developed countries, industries such as paint and pigment manufacturing, leather tanning, chrome plating and textile processing, usually discharge effluents containing Cr (VI) and Cr (III) into municipal sanitary sewers. It has been reported that Cr (VI) acts as a ...
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