IntroductionConstruction is a hazardous industry, with well-recognized risks of traumatic injury ... more IntroductionConstruction is a hazardous industry, with well-recognized risks of traumatic injury and high physical demands. Other threats to construction workers’ health and well-being occur from work organization and work environment factors, including precarious employment, long commutes, long work hours, and employer policies regarding health and safety. These non-traditional hazards have been associated with injury and illness, psychosocial stress, and unhealthy behaviors including poor diet and smoking. The cumulative impacts of both traditional and non-traditional hazards on the health and well-being of construction workers are largely unknown.MethodsWe conducted annual surveys among apprentice construction workers to identify relationships between four study domains: work organization and environment, health behaviors, health outcomes, and work outcomes.Results963 baseline surveys were completed and returned by apprentice construction workers (90% response rate, mean age 28)....
The development of a new three-dimensional (3D) imaging system designed to obtain a digital image... more The development of a new three-dimensional (3D) imaging system designed to obtain a digital image of an infant's cranium is described. This system is intended to replace the manual plaster-casting technique currently used during the process of fabricating cranial remodeling bands. The system uses 18 triangulated digital cameras and the projection of random infrared patterns to capture a 360 degrees image of an infant's cranium instantaneously, including the face and top of the head. Accuracy was calculated by comparing models digitized with this system with the same models digitized with high-precision inspection equipment. Safety was documented under guidelines established by the American Council of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Images were acquired in 0.008 seconds and processed for viewing in software within 2.5 minutes. Accuracy was calculated to be +/-0.236 mm. Hazard analysis confirmed the system to be safe for direct continuous exposure. The data acquired may be viewed as a point cloud, wire frame, or surface on which a digital photograph (ie, texture) is automatically overlaid. Physical models are created by exporting the digital data to a multiaxis milling machine or stereolithography machine. Quantitative data (linear and surface measurements, curvature, and volumes) can be obtained directly from the digital data. The cranial imaging system is a safe and accurate method of obtaining digital 3D images of an infant's cranium. Along with the obvious clinical and manufacturing benefits, it also has significant potential as a research tool for documenting the natural history and evaluating the treatment of plagiocephaly.
A change in the type of cranial deformities (plagiocephaly) presenting to certain clinics has occ... more A change in the type of cranial deformities (plagiocephaly) presenting to certain clinics has occurred. The purpose of this study was to compare infant head shapes against head shapes of their biologic parents to explore the roles of heredity and environment on cranial shape. Standardized family photographs and anthropometric measurements demonstrated that 30% of the infants had cranial widths 2 standard deviations above norm, while 4.6% had widths exceeding 3 standard deviations. Despite a mean age of only 8 months, 11.6% had widths that were already greater than that of 1 parent. These results demonstrate that plagiocephaly has taken on a new configuration, presenting not only with asymmetry, but also with excessive cranial width.
Objective The development of a new cranial imaging system to capture a three-dimensional (3D) mod... more Objective The development of a new cranial imaging system to capture a three-dimensional (3D) model of an infant's head has been previously reported. The accuracy of this new system has been independently established. However, before replacing the traditional plaster casting technique, the two methods require a comparison to ensure that the models they produce are equivalent. Methods Ten sequential infants were digitized by the 3D imaging system and the plaster casting technique following previously reported protocols. The cast models were also digitized so they could be compared with the digitized images. The two models (3dImage and Cast) were then imported into dimensional analysis software and aligned and registered with well-established registration algorithms. Difference maps that identified the variation between the two surfaces were generated for each pair, and descriptive statistics of these differences were recorded. Results The mean difference between the cast and the ...
IntroductionConstruction is a hazardous industry, with well-recognized risks of traumatic injury ... more IntroductionConstruction is a hazardous industry, with well-recognized risks of traumatic injury and high physical demands. Other threats to construction workers’ health and well-being occur from work organization and work environment factors, including precarious employment, long commutes, long work hours, and employer policies regarding health and safety. These non-traditional hazards have been associated with injury and illness, psychosocial stress, and unhealthy behaviors including poor diet and smoking. The cumulative impacts of both traditional and non-traditional hazards on the health and well-being of construction workers are largely unknown.MethodsWe conducted annual surveys among apprentice construction workers to identify relationships between four study domains: work organization and environment, health behaviors, health outcomes, and work outcomes.Results963 baseline surveys were completed and returned by apprentice construction workers (90% response rate, mean age 28)....
The development of a new three-dimensional (3D) imaging system designed to obtain a digital image... more The development of a new three-dimensional (3D) imaging system designed to obtain a digital image of an infant's cranium is described. This system is intended to replace the manual plaster-casting technique currently used during the process of fabricating cranial remodeling bands. The system uses 18 triangulated digital cameras and the projection of random infrared patterns to capture a 360 degrees image of an infant's cranium instantaneously, including the face and top of the head. Accuracy was calculated by comparing models digitized with this system with the same models digitized with high-precision inspection equipment. Safety was documented under guidelines established by the American Council of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Images were acquired in 0.008 seconds and processed for viewing in software within 2.5 minutes. Accuracy was calculated to be +/-0.236 mm. Hazard analysis confirmed the system to be safe for direct continuous exposure. The data acquired may be viewed as a point cloud, wire frame, or surface on which a digital photograph (ie, texture) is automatically overlaid. Physical models are created by exporting the digital data to a multiaxis milling machine or stereolithography machine. Quantitative data (linear and surface measurements, curvature, and volumes) can be obtained directly from the digital data. The cranial imaging system is a safe and accurate method of obtaining digital 3D images of an infant's cranium. Along with the obvious clinical and manufacturing benefits, it also has significant potential as a research tool for documenting the natural history and evaluating the treatment of plagiocephaly.
A change in the type of cranial deformities (plagiocephaly) presenting to certain clinics has occ... more A change in the type of cranial deformities (plagiocephaly) presenting to certain clinics has occurred. The purpose of this study was to compare infant head shapes against head shapes of their biologic parents to explore the roles of heredity and environment on cranial shape. Standardized family photographs and anthropometric measurements demonstrated that 30% of the infants had cranial widths 2 standard deviations above norm, while 4.6% had widths exceeding 3 standard deviations. Despite a mean age of only 8 months, 11.6% had widths that were already greater than that of 1 parent. These results demonstrate that plagiocephaly has taken on a new configuration, presenting not only with asymmetry, but also with excessive cranial width.
Objective The development of a new cranial imaging system to capture a three-dimensional (3D) mod... more Objective The development of a new cranial imaging system to capture a three-dimensional (3D) model of an infant's head has been previously reported. The accuracy of this new system has been independently established. However, before replacing the traditional plaster casting technique, the two methods require a comparison to ensure that the models they produce are equivalent. Methods Ten sequential infants were digitized by the 3D imaging system and the plaster casting technique following previously reported protocols. The cast models were also digitized so they could be compared with the digitized images. The two models (3dImage and Cast) were then imported into dimensional analysis software and aligned and registered with well-established registration algorithms. Difference maps that identified the variation between the two surfaces were generated for each pair, and descriptive statistics of these differences were recorded. Results The mean difference between the cast and the ...
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Papers by Kevin M Kelly