The impact of landuse on the spatial and temporal differentiation of pH values and concentrations... more The impact of landuse on the spatial and temporal differentiation of pH values and concentrations of oxygen in the waters of the Silnica and Sufraganiec river (Kielce) The paper presents the impact of urbanized area in the spatial and temporal differentiation of potential hydrogen ions pH and concentration of oxygen in waters of the Silnica and Sufraganiec rivers. The catchments of the rivers are located within the urban and suburban area of Kielce. They have a similar size of the area, geological structure and relief, but differ in landuse. The urbanized Silnica catchment area is 49.40 km 2 , a forest-agricultural Sufraganiec catchment is 62.01 km 2 . These hydrographic units are devided into to sub-catchments with different landuses. The average annual potential of hydrogen ions (pH), increased along with the length of the rivers. It had the values from 7.2 to 7.9 pH in the Sufraganiec river channel and from 5.3 to 8.4 pH values in Silnica river channel. Extreme values were respectively 3.9–9.8 and 3.0 10.7 pH. The highest pH values were found in cross-section of urbanized sub-catchments. These were the areas with significant pollution of surface water (Pakosz, Bialogon). The lowest pH values occurred in the cross-section below wooded catchments and partially marshy (Obwodnica and Grzeszyn). This spatial distribution of pH values is also confirmed in a monthly arrangement. The lowest annual pH values were recorded in January and the highest in August. The concentration of oxygen showed a growing trend from the sources of the rivers to their mouths. The average annual value ranged from 9.5 (Niewachlow) to 10.5 (Pietraszki) in the waters of the Sufraganiec river and in Silnica waters from 6.2 to 11.2 (Pakosz). Both rivers have the increase in concentration of oxygen since November or October until March. However, the concentration of oxygen increased in cross-section urbanized sub-catchments – to April. The decrease of the analyzed concentration occured to June (in most profiles). In July and August the concentration of oxygen, in general, was increasing again, particularly in the middle and lower cross-sections Silnica river (within and below the urbanized area) as well as in mouth section of the Sufraganiec river. At that time, mainly due a high pollution of biogenic substances present, there in the coastal zone of the river there were huge quantities of hydrogenic plants and algae in river bed. Intensive dissolution of oxygen in river waters (produced in the process of photosynthesis) and the impact of detergents favoured the growth of its concentrations. As a result, the landuse, particularly in the urbanized area, may have an indirect though important impact on the gained values of the hydrogen ions potential (pH) and the concentration of oxygen (O 2 ) in river waters.
The paper presents chosen characteristics of surface water and groundwater on the Kamienna Valley... more The paper presents chosen characteristics of surface water and groundwater on the Kamienna Valley Geopark area. The Geopark includes not only the valley of the Kamienna river, but also a big part of its basin, as well as some fragments of upper parts of Krepianka, Opatowka, Pilica, Radomka and Nida catchments. The environment of surface and groundwater on the area of the designed Geopark is very indifferent, which mainly results with geological, hydrogeological, physiogeo-graphical and antropogenical conditions. It is an important element which raises both touristic and landscape values, as well as the recreation.
This paper presents the results of speciation analysis of aluminium in the River Silnica. The con... more This paper presents the results of speciation analysis of aluminium in the River Silnica. The concentration of individual aluminium forms has been correlated with the select physical and chemical parameters of water.
On the Holy Cross Mountains (southern Poland), located within the tectonic zone of the Trans-Euro... more On the Holy Cross Mountains (southern Poland), located within the tectonic zone of the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ), numerous former quarries exist, including those of Cambrian quarzitic sandstones and sandstones with pyrite veins. This article presents the results of geochemical studies on the waters of the acidic mine pit lake Podwiśniówka (with an area of 1.5 ha and a maximum depth of 7.0 m) conducted in 2018. The tests were carried out in a vertical water column (every 1 m) in the central part of pit lake. The mean concentration of metals/metalloids, determined using inductively coupled plasma-quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS), was found to form the following sequence in decreasing order: As> Cu> Ni> Co> Cr> Zn> U> Pb> Cd> Tl. With increasing depth, there was a general upwards trend in the concentrations of all the determined elements. In all cases, the average value of the single pollution index in the water column greatly exceeds the very s...
This paper presents an analysis method of rainfall uncertainty influence on the variability of mo... more This paper presents an analysis method of rainfall uncertainty influence on the variability of modelled runoff from a municipal catchment. The model of 41.75 km2 basin prepared in SWMM 5.0 software was used in this study. The developed model consisted of 120 sub-catchments of area 5-100 ha and terrain slope 0.2 – 6%. The share of the impervious surface area of sub-catchments was in the range of 1 – 80%. The model was preliminary calibrated basing on measurement data for six rainfall-runoff events at four measuring cross-sections. To allow assessment of time-related rainfall intensity variability influence on maximal flow values registered at measuring cross-sections, the length of time step was changed by a division of registered data values on 30 minutes periods. The uncertainty parameterisation was performed for analysed rainfall events (resolution 30 minutes) by introduction the subsequent values of θ = {0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7}. Thus, it was assumed that for θ = 0.3, 30% of hour...
... 1998, Simeonov i Georgiev 2003, Chromá i in. 2005, Niall i Walsh 2005, Chunxi i in. ... Zanot... more ... 1998, Simeonov i Georgiev 2003, Chromá i in. 2005, Niall i Walsh 2005, Chunxi i in. ... Zanotowane opady gradu powstały w jednorodnej masie powietrza, co najprawdopodobniej było wynikiem silnej konwekcji, jaka rozwinęła się w ciągu dnia w zafrontowej masie powietrza. ...
Urbanisation changes the water cycle and affects the parameters of transported, suspended and dis... more Urbanisation changes the water cycle and affects the parameters of transported, suspended and dissolved matter, especially in small river catchments. This paper presents the reasons why river runoff and fluvial transport rapidly increase during rainfall-induced summer floods in the stretch of the Silnica River that flows through the centre of Kielce, a city with a population of 200,000. Examples of implemented hydrotechnical solutions that aim to reduce the height of flood waves and eliminate water accumulation are also presented. The 18.05 km long Silnica River drains a catchment area of 49.4 km2. It flows through areas of varied land use, which have determined the location of five hydrometric stations (outlets) at different sub-catchments: Dabrowa(forest), Piaski (suburbia) and Jesionowa (includes a reservoir), as well as Pakosz and Bialogon (largely impervious areas in the city centre). Specific runoff, suspended and dissolved solids concentration and the specific load of these t...
The impact of landuse on the spatial and temporal differentiation of pH values and concentrations... more The impact of landuse on the spatial and temporal differentiation of pH values and concentrations of oxygen in the waters of the Silnica and Sufraganiec river (Kielce) The paper presents the impact of urbanized area in the spatial and temporal differentiation of potential hydrogen ions pH and concentration of oxygen in waters of the Silnica and Sufraganiec rivers. The catchments of the rivers are located within the urban and suburban area of Kielce. They have a similar size of the area, geological structure and relief, but differ in landuse. The urbanized Silnica catchment area is 49.40 km 2 , a forest-agricultural Sufraganiec catchment is 62.01 km 2 . These hydrographic units are devided into to sub-catchments with different landuses. The average annual potential of hydrogen ions (pH), increased along with the length of the rivers. It had the values from 7.2 to 7.9 pH in the Sufraganiec river channel and from 5.3 to 8.4 pH values in Silnica river channel. Extreme values were respectively 3.9–9.8 and 3.0 10.7 pH. The highest pH values were found in cross-section of urbanized sub-catchments. These were the areas with significant pollution of surface water (Pakosz, Bialogon). The lowest pH values occurred in the cross-section below wooded catchments and partially marshy (Obwodnica and Grzeszyn). This spatial distribution of pH values is also confirmed in a monthly arrangement. The lowest annual pH values were recorded in January and the highest in August. The concentration of oxygen showed a growing trend from the sources of the rivers to their mouths. The average annual value ranged from 9.5 (Niewachlow) to 10.5 (Pietraszki) in the waters of the Sufraganiec river and in Silnica waters from 6.2 to 11.2 (Pakosz). Both rivers have the increase in concentration of oxygen since November or October until March. However, the concentration of oxygen increased in cross-section urbanized sub-catchments – to April. The decrease of the analyzed concentration occured to June (in most profiles). In July and August the concentration of oxygen, in general, was increasing again, particularly in the middle and lower cross-sections Silnica river (within and below the urbanized area) as well as in mouth section of the Sufraganiec river. At that time, mainly due a high pollution of biogenic substances present, there in the coastal zone of the river there were huge quantities of hydrogenic plants and algae in river bed. Intensive dissolution of oxygen in river waters (produced in the process of photosynthesis) and the impact of detergents favoured the growth of its concentrations. As a result, the landuse, particularly in the urbanized area, may have an indirect though important impact on the gained values of the hydrogen ions potential (pH) and the concentration of oxygen (O 2 ) in river waters.
The paper presents chosen characteristics of surface water and groundwater on the Kamienna Valley... more The paper presents chosen characteristics of surface water and groundwater on the Kamienna Valley Geopark area. The Geopark includes not only the valley of the Kamienna river, but also a big part of its basin, as well as some fragments of upper parts of Krepianka, Opatowka, Pilica, Radomka and Nida catchments. The environment of surface and groundwater on the area of the designed Geopark is very indifferent, which mainly results with geological, hydrogeological, physiogeo-graphical and antropogenical conditions. It is an important element which raises both touristic and landscape values, as well as the recreation.
This paper presents the results of speciation analysis of aluminium in the River Silnica. The con... more This paper presents the results of speciation analysis of aluminium in the River Silnica. The concentration of individual aluminium forms has been correlated with the select physical and chemical parameters of water.
On the Holy Cross Mountains (southern Poland), located within the tectonic zone of the Trans-Euro... more On the Holy Cross Mountains (southern Poland), located within the tectonic zone of the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ), numerous former quarries exist, including those of Cambrian quarzitic sandstones and sandstones with pyrite veins. This article presents the results of geochemical studies on the waters of the acidic mine pit lake Podwiśniówka (with an area of 1.5 ha and a maximum depth of 7.0 m) conducted in 2018. The tests were carried out in a vertical water column (every 1 m) in the central part of pit lake. The mean concentration of metals/metalloids, determined using inductively coupled plasma-quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS), was found to form the following sequence in decreasing order: As> Cu> Ni> Co> Cr> Zn> U> Pb> Cd> Tl. With increasing depth, there was a general upwards trend in the concentrations of all the determined elements. In all cases, the average value of the single pollution index in the water column greatly exceeds the very s...
This paper presents an analysis method of rainfall uncertainty influence on the variability of mo... more This paper presents an analysis method of rainfall uncertainty influence on the variability of modelled runoff from a municipal catchment. The model of 41.75 km2 basin prepared in SWMM 5.0 software was used in this study. The developed model consisted of 120 sub-catchments of area 5-100 ha and terrain slope 0.2 – 6%. The share of the impervious surface area of sub-catchments was in the range of 1 – 80%. The model was preliminary calibrated basing on measurement data for six rainfall-runoff events at four measuring cross-sections. To allow assessment of time-related rainfall intensity variability influence on maximal flow values registered at measuring cross-sections, the length of time step was changed by a division of registered data values on 30 minutes periods. The uncertainty parameterisation was performed for analysed rainfall events (resolution 30 minutes) by introduction the subsequent values of θ = {0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7}. Thus, it was assumed that for θ = 0.3, 30% of hour...
... 1998, Simeonov i Georgiev 2003, Chromá i in. 2005, Niall i Walsh 2005, Chunxi i in. ... Zanot... more ... 1998, Simeonov i Georgiev 2003, Chromá i in. 2005, Niall i Walsh 2005, Chunxi i in. ... Zanotowane opady gradu powstały w jednorodnej masie powietrza, co najprawdopodobniej było wynikiem silnej konwekcji, jaka rozwinęła się w ciągu dnia w zafrontowej masie powietrza. ...
Urbanisation changes the water cycle and affects the parameters of transported, suspended and dis... more Urbanisation changes the water cycle and affects the parameters of transported, suspended and dissolved matter, especially in small river catchments. This paper presents the reasons why river runoff and fluvial transport rapidly increase during rainfall-induced summer floods in the stretch of the Silnica River that flows through the centre of Kielce, a city with a population of 200,000. Examples of implemented hydrotechnical solutions that aim to reduce the height of flood waves and eliminate water accumulation are also presented. The 18.05 km long Silnica River drains a catchment area of 49.4 km2. It flows through areas of varied land use, which have determined the location of five hydrometric stations (outlets) at different sub-catchments: Dabrowa(forest), Piaski (suburbia) and Jesionowa (includes a reservoir), as well as Pakosz and Bialogon (largely impervious areas in the city centre). Specific runoff, suspended and dissolved solids concentration and the specific load of these t...
Uploads
Papers by Tadeusz Ciupa