This dissertation explores the boundaries between science and non-science, including different fo... more This dissertation explores the boundaries between science and non-science, including different forms of expertise, when citizens with experience-based knowledge (EBK) are included in the science policy process through cooperative research. This study focused on industry-science cooperative research between fishermen and scientists in the Northeastern U.S. Ethnographic research primarily consisted of semi-structured and informal interviews and direct observation of the science-policy process, as well as a review of relevant fisheries science and management documents. Five different types of cooperative research with fishermen were examined in eight case studies: real-time data collection in the Illex squid fishery (chapter 4), the Northeast Regional Cod Tagging Program (chapter 5), gear selectivity/bycatch reduction research in the Loligo squid and whiting fisheries (chapter 6), industry-based surveys in New England and the Mid-Atlantic (chapter 7), and an industry-science advisory p...
Maine’s fishing communities are experiencing the cumulative effects of fish stock depletion, stat... more Maine’s fishing communities are experiencing the cumulative effects of fish stock depletion, state and federal regulations, coastal development and demographic changes, and rising fuel and energy costs. Legally, federal fisheries managers must minimize adverse economic impacts of fishery regulations on fishing communities, yet too often data with which to do this are insufficient (Ingles and Sepez 2007). For example, National Standard 8 of the Magnuson Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, the federal legislation governing the management of marine resources in the U.S., requires that managers “take into account the importance of fishery resources to fishing communities” and “provide sustained participation of” and “minimize adverse economic impacts on” such communities (Clay and Olson 2008). The National Environmental Policy Act also requires social impact assessments of federal actions, including the cumulative effects of action on the “human environment.” In response to...
Aquaculture has been responsible for an impressive growth in the global supply of seafood. As of ... more Aquaculture has been responsible for an impressive growth in the global supply of seafood. As of 2016, more than half of all global seafood production comes from aquaculture. To meet future global seafood demands, there is need and opportunity to expand marine aquaculture production in ways that are both socially and ecologically sustainable. This requires integrating biophysical, social, and engineering sciences. Such interdisciplinary research is difficult due to the complexity and multi-scale aspects of marine aquaculture and inherent challenges researchers face working across disciplines. To this end, we developed a framework based on Elinor Ostrom’s social–ecological system framework (SESF) to guide interdisciplinary research on marine aquaculture. We first present the framework and the social–ecological system variables relevant to research on marine aquaculture and then illustrate one application of this framework to interdisciplinary research underway in Maine, the largest p...
This dissertation explores the boundaries between science and non-science, including different fo... more This dissertation explores the boundaries between science and non-science, including different forms of expertise, when citizens with experience-based knowledge (EBK) are included in the science policy process through cooperative research. This study focused on industry-science cooperative research between fishermen and scientists in the Northeastern U.S. Ethnographic research primarily consisted of semi-structured and informal interviews and direct observation of the science-policy process, as well as a review of relevant fisheries science and management documents. Five different types of cooperative research with fishermen were examined in eight case studies: real-time data collection in the Illex squid fishery (chapter 4), the Northeast Regional Cod Tagging Program (chapter 5), gear selectivity/bycatch reduction research in the Loligo squid and whiting fisheries (chapter 6), industry-based surveys in New England and the Mid-Atlantic (chapter 7), and an industry-science advisory p...
Maine’s fishing communities are experiencing the cumulative effects of fish stock depletion, stat... more Maine’s fishing communities are experiencing the cumulative effects of fish stock depletion, state and federal regulations, coastal development and demographic changes, and rising fuel and energy costs. Legally, federal fisheries managers must minimize adverse economic impacts of fishery regulations on fishing communities, yet too often data with which to do this are insufficient (Ingles and Sepez 2007). For example, National Standard 8 of the Magnuson Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, the federal legislation governing the management of marine resources in the U.S., requires that managers “take into account the importance of fishery resources to fishing communities” and “provide sustained participation of” and “minimize adverse economic impacts on” such communities (Clay and Olson 2008). The National Environmental Policy Act also requires social impact assessments of federal actions, including the cumulative effects of action on the “human environment.” In response to...
Aquaculture has been responsible for an impressive growth in the global supply of seafood. As of ... more Aquaculture has been responsible for an impressive growth in the global supply of seafood. As of 2016, more than half of all global seafood production comes from aquaculture. To meet future global seafood demands, there is need and opportunity to expand marine aquaculture production in ways that are both socially and ecologically sustainable. This requires integrating biophysical, social, and engineering sciences. Such interdisciplinary research is difficult due to the complexity and multi-scale aspects of marine aquaculture and inherent challenges researchers face working across disciplines. To this end, we developed a framework based on Elinor Ostrom’s social–ecological system framework (SESF) to guide interdisciplinary research on marine aquaculture. We first present the framework and the social–ecological system variables relevant to research on marine aquaculture and then illustrate one application of this framework to interdisciplinary research underway in Maine, the largest p...
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