Review of Colombian primates: ecology, natural history, distribution, conservation. Revision of b... more Review of Colombian primates: ecology, natural history, distribution, conservation. Revision of book published in 2004.
Review of Colombian primates: ecology, natural history, distribution, conservation. Revision of b... more Review of Colombian primates: ecology, natural history, distribution, conservation. Revision of book published in 2004.
This is the story of the revolutionary changes to South American mammals that occurred when it be... more This is the story of the revolutionary changes to South American mammals that occurred when it became possible for mammals from North America to pass to South America. This probably began as early as eight to ten million years ago when a proboscid, camelid, tayassuid, and tapirid and procyonid arrived in South America. Later at about three million years ago, the invasion became a flood when (apparently) the terrestrial connection between the two continents became complete. Of course some South American fauna went north, as well, including a primate, terrestrial sloths and the glyptodonts and marsupials, but all but the marsupials became extinct after modest success. Other southern elements persist yet in Central America, including primates and caviomorph rodents.
A bush dog(Speothos venaticus) pack in the eastern llanos of Colombia. TR Defler Journal of Mamma... more A bush dog(Speothos venaticus) pack in the eastern llanos of Colombia. TR Defler Journal of Mammalogy 67:22, 421-422, 1986. Though the range of the bush dog (Sperothos venaticus ) comprises most of the Neotropics, the ...
This is a synopsis of what is known of South American mammals from the Mesozoic Era, which begins... more This is a synopsis of what is known of South American mammals from the Mesozoic Era, which begins (according to present information) in the Early Jurassic around 183–174 Ma when a triconodont tooth was found in Patagonia. More spectacular additions to the mammalian fauna are known for the Late Jurassic 168–161 million years ago, representing the most completely known biota from Middle to Late Jurassic for South America, comprising australosphenid mammals (relatives of the platypus) and the now extinct triconodont mammals. The Early Cretaceous became known for the increasing number of known fossils. This Cretaceous fauna was dominated in South America by dryolestid mammals, which were closely related to the modern placental mammals. During this latter part of the Mesozoic, a couple of spectacular fossils were found: Vincelestes neuquenianus and Cronopio dentiacutus, both of which are illustrated and discussed in this chapter. This ancient fauna survived the Chicxulub impact (the K/T transition) into the early part of the Paleogene but rather quickly replaced by a more modern fauna (the metatheres and primitive ungulates) that invaded from the north.
From the time that the first xenarthrans appeared as early armadillos in the Early Paleocene Itab... more From the time that the first xenarthrans appeared as early armadillos in the Early Paleocene Itaborai, the group diversified into strange and wonderful forms. Besides the Dasypodidae, a group called the Glyptodontidae arose and diversified; some were the size (and shape) of a Volkswagen bug and were harmless grazers. They were very common on the grassy savannas of South America. Also, the sloth lineage appeared with the last species reaching the greatest size of any southern mammal. Megatherium americanum became one of the largest mammals known in South America, equivalent in size to an elephant. Finally a short history of the little-known anteaters is presented. A discussion of the possible but unconfirmed origins of the xenarthra is suggested, and the group is presented as one of the most ancient lineages of modern mammals and native South Americans.
Review of Colombian primates: ecology, natural history, distribution, conservation. Revision of b... more Review of Colombian primates: ecology, natural history, distribution, conservation. Revision of book published in 2004.
Review of Colombian primates: ecology, natural history, distribution, conservation. Revision of b... more Review of Colombian primates: ecology, natural history, distribution, conservation. Revision of book published in 2004.
This is the story of the revolutionary changes to South American mammals that occurred when it be... more This is the story of the revolutionary changes to South American mammals that occurred when it became possible for mammals from North America to pass to South America. This probably began as early as eight to ten million years ago when a proboscid, camelid, tayassuid, and tapirid and procyonid arrived in South America. Later at about three million years ago, the invasion became a flood when (apparently) the terrestrial connection between the two continents became complete. Of course some South American fauna went north, as well, including a primate, terrestrial sloths and the glyptodonts and marsupials, but all but the marsupials became extinct after modest success. Other southern elements persist yet in Central America, including primates and caviomorph rodents.
A bush dog(Speothos venaticus) pack in the eastern llanos of Colombia. TR Defler Journal of Mamma... more A bush dog(Speothos venaticus) pack in the eastern llanos of Colombia. TR Defler Journal of Mammalogy 67:22, 421-422, 1986. Though the range of the bush dog (Sperothos venaticus ) comprises most of the Neotropics, the ...
This is a synopsis of what is known of South American mammals from the Mesozoic Era, which begins... more This is a synopsis of what is known of South American mammals from the Mesozoic Era, which begins (according to present information) in the Early Jurassic around 183–174 Ma when a triconodont tooth was found in Patagonia. More spectacular additions to the mammalian fauna are known for the Late Jurassic 168–161 million years ago, representing the most completely known biota from Middle to Late Jurassic for South America, comprising australosphenid mammals (relatives of the platypus) and the now extinct triconodont mammals. The Early Cretaceous became known for the increasing number of known fossils. This Cretaceous fauna was dominated in South America by dryolestid mammals, which were closely related to the modern placental mammals. During this latter part of the Mesozoic, a couple of spectacular fossils were found: Vincelestes neuquenianus and Cronopio dentiacutus, both of which are illustrated and discussed in this chapter. This ancient fauna survived the Chicxulub impact (the K/T transition) into the early part of the Paleogene but rather quickly replaced by a more modern fauna (the metatheres and primitive ungulates) that invaded from the north.
From the time that the first xenarthrans appeared as early armadillos in the Early Paleocene Itab... more From the time that the first xenarthrans appeared as early armadillos in the Early Paleocene Itaborai, the group diversified into strange and wonderful forms. Besides the Dasypodidae, a group called the Glyptodontidae arose and diversified; some were the size (and shape) of a Volkswagen bug and were harmless grazers. They were very common on the grassy savannas of South America. Also, the sloth lineage appeared with the last species reaching the greatest size of any southern mammal. Megatherium americanum became one of the largest mammals known in South America, equivalent in size to an elephant. Finally a short history of the little-known anteaters is presented. A discussion of the possible but unconfirmed origins of the xenarthra is suggested, and the group is presented as one of the most ancient lineages of modern mammals and native South Americans.
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