Bats provide essential ecosystem services and some are cave dependent. Caves favour the associati... more Bats provide essential ecosystem services and some are cave dependent. Caves favour the association of bats with ectoparasite Diptera, however, they are poorly sampled in the Amazon biome. Here we present the first description of a community of bats and bat flies from the largest sandstone cave in Brazil, the Planaltina cave, located in the municipality of Brasil Novo, state of Pará. Diptera were removed from captured bats and taken to the laboratory for identification. From nine species of bats belonging to four families we recorded 17 species of Diptera, 13 were monoxenous. A possible explanation for the monoxenous parasites collected is that flies have poor survival in unusual hosts. These results are an indicator that the Streblid species are host-specific since even if the hosts take refuge in the same cave, they will not share their parasites. Therefore, the present study provides important information on the parasite-host dynamics in a cave, thus highlighting the importance of cave as are essential shelters for bat species and, despite reported cases of cohabitation, mixed colonies are unlikely to form.
Protected areas (PAs) are a widely recognized tool for biodiversity and ecosystem conservation. H... more Protected areas (PAs) are a widely recognized tool for biodiversity and ecosystem conservation. However, megadiverse countries struggle to manage, maintain, and expand PAs as they face mounting human pressures. The Brazilian Cerrado biome (a biodiversity hotspot) is experiencing increasing land-use changes paired with a loss of natural vegetation, and only 3.2% of its land area is under strict protections. The Brazilian Long-Term Ecological Research Program (LTER) was created in 1997 to monitor long-term changes in protected and non-protected areas in Brazilian biomes. The Environmental Protected Area of the Gama and Cabeça de Veado (AGCV) watersheds in Central Brazil's core distribution of the Cerrado (Brasília, Federal District), was one of the first sites to participate in the Brazilian LTER. The main goal of the AGCV-LTER site is to monitor long-term changes and ecological processes in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in PAs that are surrounded by landscapes facing extreme ecosystem shifts. Over 22 years, we investigated the effects of drivers such as fire, noise and light pollution, eutrophication, and biological invasions on aquatic (invertebrates and water quality) and terrestrial ecosystems (vegetation, vertebrates, and invertebrates). The results indicate that even within a PA, changes in the surrounding landscape affects biodiversity and ecosystem functions, revealing the essential nature of continuous monitoring for biodiversity conservation.
O Bioma Cerrado tem destaque nos cenários nacional e internacional em virtude de sua dimensão, ce... more O Bioma Cerrado tem destaque nos cenários nacional e internacional em virtude de sua dimensão, cerca de 24% do território brasileiro, de sua expressiva riqueza biológica estimada em cerca de 320 mil espécies vegetais, animais e de microrganismos, além da expressiva produção agropecuária. No entanto, nas últimas décadas, os recursos naturais têm sido tratados de forma fracionada, como se eles não fossem componentes de um sistema dinâmico. Essa visão cartesiana tem trazido prejuízos consideráveis ao meio ambiente e até mesmo à produção agropecuária por causa do ataque de pragas e doenças, escassez de água, perda de biodiversidade e expansão dos processos de erosão do solo. Trabalhar de forma sistêmica e desenvolver tecnologias menos agressivas ao meio ambiente contribui para a conservação e a utilização planejada dos recursos, constituindo o desafio atual da Embrapa Cerrados. Nesse sentido, este livro tem como objetivo apresentar os avanços da Embrapa Cerrados no desenvolvimento de tecnologias compatíveis com os cenários atuais e futuro, entendendo que a conservação dos recursos naturais condiciona o desenvolvimento econômico, o tecnológico e o social de uma nação.bitstream/item/224037/1/CERRADO-Desafios-oportunidas.pd
Ecosystem services (ES) are essential for human society worldwide. ES originate from ecological p... more Ecosystem services (ES) are essential for human society worldwide. ES originate from ecological processes commonly occurring in well-preserved regions. Bats play an essential role in providing such services, primarily insect suppression, plant pollination, and seed dispersal. Human activities have affected Earth’s systems, compromising species and ecosystems and, consequently, the ES provision. Brazil is a country with many bat species but is also one of the world’s leaders in deforestation. Here we aimed to identify regions with high potential for bats ecosystem services provision, assuming that the predicted presence of the species represents the existence of the services. First, we used a Maximum Entropy algorithm to model the distribution of 128 bat species, which correspond to 71% of the Brazilian species. We classify all species into 10 different groups, which resulted from a combination of three body sizes and four predominant trophic guilds (i.e., frugivores, insectivores, n...
O Rio de Janeiro foi o quarto Estado brasileiro a criar a sua lista estadual de especies de anima... more O Rio de Janeiro foi o quarto Estado brasileiro a criar a sua lista estadual de especies de animais ameacados de extincao e o terceiro a usar as categorias de status da IUCN (IUCN 1994). O Rio de Janeiro, a exemplo do estado de Sao Paulo, adotou a mesma metodologia criada para a definicao do status de ameaca dos morcegos brasileiros.
Atualmente a perda de habitats nativos por desmatamentos tem sido a principal causa de ameaca a b... more Atualmente a perda de habitats nativos por desmatamentos tem sido a principal causa de ameaca a biodiversidade. Estima-se que mais de 88% das aves, 80% dos mamiferos e 88% dos anfibios globalmente ameacados estejam nessa condicao em funcao da supressao de seus habitats nativos. Embora tenha sido considerada uma ameaca teorica ate pouco tempo, ha um consenso de que as mudancas climaticas que estao sendo projetadas pelo Painel Internacional de Mudancas Climaticas (IPCC) para as proximas decadas podem trazer serias consequencias para a biodiversidade.
Bats provide essential ecosystem services and some are cave dependent. Caves favour the associati... more Bats provide essential ecosystem services and some are cave dependent. Caves favour the association of bats with ectoparasite Diptera, however, they are poorly sampled in the Amazon biome. Here we present the first description of a community of bats and bat flies from the largest sandstone cave in Brazil, the Planaltina cave, located in the municipality of Brasil Novo, state of Pará. Diptera were removed from captured bats and taken to the laboratory for identification. From nine species of bats belonging to four families we recorded 17 species of Diptera, 13 were monoxenous. A possible explanation for the monoxenous parasites collected is that flies have poor survival in unusual hosts. These results are an indicator that the Streblid species are host-specific since even if the hosts take refuge in the same cave, they will not share their parasites. Therefore, the present study provides important information on the parasite-host dynamics in a cave, thus highlighting the importance of cave as are essential shelters for bat species and, despite reported cases of cohabitation, mixed colonies are unlikely to form.
Protected areas (PAs) are a widely recognized tool for biodiversity and ecosystem conservation. H... more Protected areas (PAs) are a widely recognized tool for biodiversity and ecosystem conservation. However, megadiverse countries struggle to manage, maintain, and expand PAs as they face mounting human pressures. The Brazilian Cerrado biome (a biodiversity hotspot) is experiencing increasing land-use changes paired with a loss of natural vegetation, and only 3.2% of its land area is under strict protections. The Brazilian Long-Term Ecological Research Program (LTER) was created in 1997 to monitor long-term changes in protected and non-protected areas in Brazilian biomes. The Environmental Protected Area of the Gama and Cabeça de Veado (AGCV) watersheds in Central Brazil's core distribution of the Cerrado (Brasília, Federal District), was one of the first sites to participate in the Brazilian LTER. The main goal of the AGCV-LTER site is to monitor long-term changes and ecological processes in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in PAs that are surrounded by landscapes facing extreme ecosystem shifts. Over 22 years, we investigated the effects of drivers such as fire, noise and light pollution, eutrophication, and biological invasions on aquatic (invertebrates and water quality) and terrestrial ecosystems (vegetation, vertebrates, and invertebrates). The results indicate that even within a PA, changes in the surrounding landscape affects biodiversity and ecosystem functions, revealing the essential nature of continuous monitoring for biodiversity conservation.
O Bioma Cerrado tem destaque nos cenários nacional e internacional em virtude de sua dimensão, ce... more O Bioma Cerrado tem destaque nos cenários nacional e internacional em virtude de sua dimensão, cerca de 24% do território brasileiro, de sua expressiva riqueza biológica estimada em cerca de 320 mil espécies vegetais, animais e de microrganismos, além da expressiva produção agropecuária. No entanto, nas últimas décadas, os recursos naturais têm sido tratados de forma fracionada, como se eles não fossem componentes de um sistema dinâmico. Essa visão cartesiana tem trazido prejuízos consideráveis ao meio ambiente e até mesmo à produção agropecuária por causa do ataque de pragas e doenças, escassez de água, perda de biodiversidade e expansão dos processos de erosão do solo. Trabalhar de forma sistêmica e desenvolver tecnologias menos agressivas ao meio ambiente contribui para a conservação e a utilização planejada dos recursos, constituindo o desafio atual da Embrapa Cerrados. Nesse sentido, este livro tem como objetivo apresentar os avanços da Embrapa Cerrados no desenvolvimento de tecnologias compatíveis com os cenários atuais e futuro, entendendo que a conservação dos recursos naturais condiciona o desenvolvimento econômico, o tecnológico e o social de uma nação.bitstream/item/224037/1/CERRADO-Desafios-oportunidas.pd
Ecosystem services (ES) are essential for human society worldwide. ES originate from ecological p... more Ecosystem services (ES) are essential for human society worldwide. ES originate from ecological processes commonly occurring in well-preserved regions. Bats play an essential role in providing such services, primarily insect suppression, plant pollination, and seed dispersal. Human activities have affected Earth’s systems, compromising species and ecosystems and, consequently, the ES provision. Brazil is a country with many bat species but is also one of the world’s leaders in deforestation. Here we aimed to identify regions with high potential for bats ecosystem services provision, assuming that the predicted presence of the species represents the existence of the services. First, we used a Maximum Entropy algorithm to model the distribution of 128 bat species, which correspond to 71% of the Brazilian species. We classify all species into 10 different groups, which resulted from a combination of three body sizes and four predominant trophic guilds (i.e., frugivores, insectivores, n...
O Rio de Janeiro foi o quarto Estado brasileiro a criar a sua lista estadual de especies de anima... more O Rio de Janeiro foi o quarto Estado brasileiro a criar a sua lista estadual de especies de animais ameacados de extincao e o terceiro a usar as categorias de status da IUCN (IUCN 1994). O Rio de Janeiro, a exemplo do estado de Sao Paulo, adotou a mesma metodologia criada para a definicao do status de ameaca dos morcegos brasileiros.
Atualmente a perda de habitats nativos por desmatamentos tem sido a principal causa de ameaca a b... more Atualmente a perda de habitats nativos por desmatamentos tem sido a principal causa de ameaca a biodiversidade. Estima-se que mais de 88% das aves, 80% dos mamiferos e 88% dos anfibios globalmente ameacados estejam nessa condicao em funcao da supressao de seus habitats nativos. Embora tenha sido considerada uma ameaca teorica ate pouco tempo, ha um consenso de que as mudancas climaticas que estao sendo projetadas pelo Painel Internacional de Mudancas Climaticas (IPCC) para as proximas decadas podem trazer serias consequencias para a biodiversidade.
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