IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2011
This paper presents a new concept for multiport waveguide switches based on short-circuit loads i... more This paper presents a new concept for multiport waveguide switches based on short-circuit loads integrated in power-divider ridge-waveguide junctions. The switching is achieved by means of actuating short and open circuit loads in the waveguide path of a ridge waveguide, eliminating the need of bulky rotors, which are typically used in conventional waveguide switches. A complete class of single-pole $N$ -throw switches ($N$ up to 4) is presented based on this concept. Furthermore, the concept is employed to demonstrate highly compact C-, R-, and T-type waveguide switches by integrating different power-divider junctions in a seamless manner. The T-type case involves three states that provide the maximum flexibility for realizing advanced switch matrices for signal routing. A T-type waveguide switch is built and measured for validating the concept. To our knowledge, this paper marks the first time R- and T-type waveguide switches are demonstrated without the need to use a bulky rotary junction.
The design of a 250 MHz bandwidth, bunch-by-bunch feedback system for controlling transverse coup... more The design of a 250 MHz bandwidth, bunch-by-bunch feedback system for controlling transverse coupled-bunch instabilities in the PEP-II Asymmetric B-Factory is described. Relevant system parameters and specifications are discussed along with the design of key system components. In particular, the design of the front-end receivers, baseband processing electronics, and kickers are presented in some detail
... The mean values of macronutrients, vitamins and zinc studied in the women's breast milk ... more ... The mean values of macronutrients, vitamins and zinc studied in the women's breast milk sam-ples, as well as the minimum and maximum values for the group, were within the inter-national reference range. ... Nutrients Baseline Reference Mean (SD) Range range [6] ...
Four-port rectangular waveguide switches presented in this paper are based on alternating short a... more Four-port rectangular waveguide switches presented in this paper are based on alternating short and open circuit loads in the waveguide path. The switches are made up of four waveguides connected by sections of ridge waveguides where simple short-circuit loads can be activated to control the signal paths. The proposed concept eliminates the need to use bulky rotary mechanisms to provide path switching. The device layout is very simple and is also kept very compact. The concept is presented for C-, R- and T-type switches, based on rigorous full-wave simulations with the model for the short taken into account. An experimental Ku-band prototype for the T-type case (the most complex case involving three states) is built and measured. The experimental performance shows a return loss better than 23 dB from 13 to 14.5 GHz and insertion loss of 0.3-0.4 dB. The isolation of this initial prototype is at least 28 dB in the same band, and it can be increased by improving the short circuit elements.
Summary form only given, as follows. Four-port rectangular waveguide switches presented in this p... more Summary form only given, as follows. Four-port rectangular waveguide switches presented in this paper are based on alternating simple short and open circuit loads in the waveguide path. The proposed concept eliminates the use of bulky rotary mechanisms to provide path switching. The device layout is very simple and compact and is presented for C-, R- and T-type switches. The experimental performance of a T-type switch shows a return loss better than 23 dB from 13 to 14.5 GHz, insertion loss of 0.3–0.4 dB and isolation of 28 dB.
Lymph node invasion (LNI) is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer progression. Unfor... more Lymph node invasion (LNI) is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer progression. Unfortunately, pelvic lymph node dissections are fraught with a high rate of false-negative findings, emphasizing the need for highly accurate markers of LNI. Because nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a candidate marker of prostate cancer progression, we tested the association between nuclear localization of NF-kappaB in radical prostatectomy specimens and the presence of LNI. NF-kappaB expression in radical prostatectomy specimens was assessed with a monoclonal NF-kappaB p65 antibody, in 20 patients with LNI and in 31 controls with no LNI and no biochemical relapse 5 years after radical prostatectomy. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used. The accuracy of multivariate predictions with and without NF-kappaB was quantified with the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve and 200 bootstrap resamples were used to reduce overfit bias. Univariate regression models showed a 7% increase in the odds of observing LNI for each 1% increase in NF-kappaB nuclear staining (odds ratio, 1.07; P = 0.003). In multivariate models, each 1% increase in NF-kappaB was associated with an 8% increase in the odds of LNI (odds ratio, 1.08; P = 0.03) and its statistical significance was only surpassed by the presence of seminal vesicle invasion (P = 0.003). Addition of NF-kappaB to all other predictors increased the accuracy of LNI prediction by 2.3% (from 84.8% to 87.1%; P < 0.001). This is the first study that shows that the extent of nuclear localization of NF-kappaB in primary prostate tumors is highly accurately capable of predicting the probability of locoregional spread of prostate cancer.
A case of primary tuberculosis of the oesophagus is presented; the patient was successfully treat... more A case of primary tuberculosis of the oesophagus is presented; the patient was successfully treated by oesophagectomy. The condition, being rare, has stimulated the authors to review the literature concerning primary and secondary oesophageal tuberculosis. The history, modes of ...
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2011
This paper presents a new concept for multiport waveguide switches based on short-circuit loads i... more This paper presents a new concept for multiport waveguide switches based on short-circuit loads integrated in power-divider ridge-waveguide junctions. The switching is achieved by means of actuating short and open circuit loads in the waveguide path of a ridge waveguide, eliminating the need of bulky rotors, which are typically used in conventional waveguide switches. A complete class of single-pole $N$ -throw switches ($N$ up to 4) is presented based on this concept. Furthermore, the concept is employed to demonstrate highly compact C-, R-, and T-type waveguide switches by integrating different power-divider junctions in a seamless manner. The T-type case involves three states that provide the maximum flexibility for realizing advanced switch matrices for signal routing. A T-type waveguide switch is built and measured for validating the concept. To our knowledge, this paper marks the first time R- and T-type waveguide switches are demonstrated without the need to use a bulky rotary junction.
The design of a 250 MHz bandwidth, bunch-by-bunch feedback system for controlling transverse coup... more The design of a 250 MHz bandwidth, bunch-by-bunch feedback system for controlling transverse coupled-bunch instabilities in the PEP-II Asymmetric B-Factory is described. Relevant system parameters and specifications are discussed along with the design of key system components. In particular, the design of the front-end receivers, baseband processing electronics, and kickers are presented in some detail
... The mean values of macronutrients, vitamins and zinc studied in the women's breast milk ... more ... The mean values of macronutrients, vitamins and zinc studied in the women's breast milk sam-ples, as well as the minimum and maximum values for the group, were within the inter-national reference range. ... Nutrients Baseline Reference Mean (SD) Range range [6] ...
Four-port rectangular waveguide switches presented in this paper are based on alternating short a... more Four-port rectangular waveguide switches presented in this paper are based on alternating short and open circuit loads in the waveguide path. The switches are made up of four waveguides connected by sections of ridge waveguides where simple short-circuit loads can be activated to control the signal paths. The proposed concept eliminates the need to use bulky rotary mechanisms to provide path switching. The device layout is very simple and is also kept very compact. The concept is presented for C-, R- and T-type switches, based on rigorous full-wave simulations with the model for the short taken into account. An experimental Ku-band prototype for the T-type case (the most complex case involving three states) is built and measured. The experimental performance shows a return loss better than 23 dB from 13 to 14.5 GHz and insertion loss of 0.3-0.4 dB. The isolation of this initial prototype is at least 28 dB in the same band, and it can be increased by improving the short circuit elements.
Summary form only given, as follows. Four-port rectangular waveguide switches presented in this p... more Summary form only given, as follows. Four-port rectangular waveguide switches presented in this paper are based on alternating simple short and open circuit loads in the waveguide path. The proposed concept eliminates the use of bulky rotary mechanisms to provide path switching. The device layout is very simple and compact and is presented for C-, R- and T-type switches. The experimental performance of a T-type switch shows a return loss better than 23 dB from 13 to 14.5 GHz, insertion loss of 0.3–0.4 dB and isolation of 28 dB.
Lymph node invasion (LNI) is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer progression. Unfor... more Lymph node invasion (LNI) is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer progression. Unfortunately, pelvic lymph node dissections are fraught with a high rate of false-negative findings, emphasizing the need for highly accurate markers of LNI. Because nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a candidate marker of prostate cancer progression, we tested the association between nuclear localization of NF-kappaB in radical prostatectomy specimens and the presence of LNI. NF-kappaB expression in radical prostatectomy specimens was assessed with a monoclonal NF-kappaB p65 antibody, in 20 patients with LNI and in 31 controls with no LNI and no biochemical relapse 5 years after radical prostatectomy. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used. The accuracy of multivariate predictions with and without NF-kappaB was quantified with the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve and 200 bootstrap resamples were used to reduce overfit bias. Univariate regression models showed a 7% increase in the odds of observing LNI for each 1% increase in NF-kappaB nuclear staining (odds ratio, 1.07; P = 0.003). In multivariate models, each 1% increase in NF-kappaB was associated with an 8% increase in the odds of LNI (odds ratio, 1.08; P = 0.03) and its statistical significance was only surpassed by the presence of seminal vesicle invasion (P = 0.003). Addition of NF-kappaB to all other predictors increased the accuracy of LNI prediction by 2.3% (from 84.8% to 87.1%; P < 0.001). This is the first study that shows that the extent of nuclear localization of NF-kappaB in primary prostate tumors is highly accurately capable of predicting the probability of locoregional spread of prostate cancer.
A case of primary tuberculosis of the oesophagus is presented; the patient was successfully treat... more A case of primary tuberculosis of the oesophagus is presented; the patient was successfully treated by oesophagectomy. The condition, being rare, has stimulated the authors to review the literature concerning primary and secondary oesophageal tuberculosis. The history, modes of ...
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