In Public Policy and National Development in Nigeria: Essays in Honour of Professor Sam Amdii, Zoaka, Yusuf Ali, et al (eds.), pp. 649-662, 2019
This Essay examines Nigeria's leadership role in Africa, analyzing the historical, political, and... more This Essay examines Nigeria's leadership role in Africa, analyzing the historical, political, and economic dimensions that shape its influence on the continent. It highlights Nigeria's capacity as a regional power, addressing both its opportunities and challenges in fostering stability and development within Africa. The study evaluates key areas where Nigeria has made significant contributions, including peacekeeping efforts, economic cooperation, and diplomatic initiatives. Additionally, it explores policy options for enhancing Nigeria's leadership effectiveness, emphasizing the need for strategic partnerships, investment in regional infrastructure, and active participation in multilateral organizations. The findings underscore the importance of a cohesive approach to reinforce Nigeria's role as a pivotal player in African affairs and promote sustainable development across the region.
In The Democracy Question and Election Management in Africa, Mato, Kabiru (ed.), pp223-237., 2010
This work critically examines the immunity clause within the Nigerian Constitution, which protect... more This work critically examines the immunity clause within the Nigerian Constitution, which protects certain political officeholders from prosecution while in office. The study explores the legal framework surrounding the clause, analyzing its intent, scope, and judicial interpretations. It also addresses the political dimensions, focusing on how the clause has been exploited for personal and political gain, often undermining accountability and justice. By contrasting legal theory with political practice, the paper sheds light on the implications of the immunity clause for governance, rule of law, and the fight against corruption in Nigeria.
CRUTECH Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology , 2017
One problematic issue of democratization in post-colonial Africa has been the sit-tight tendency ... more One problematic issue of democratization in post-colonial Africa has been the sit-tight tendency of leaders and their penchant to flout constitutional provisions on tenure, which adversely affects political succession and nation building on the continent. Relying on secondary data, this paper does a descriptive analysis of sit-tight leadership in select African states. The paper shows how factors such as colonial legacy, ethno-religious sentiments, heroic feelings, corruption and fear of uncertainty weave into the politics of tenure elongation in African states.
Port Harcourt Journal Of History & Diplomatic Studies, 2021
Nigeria has been a signatory to United Nations (UN) convention on Millennium Development Goals (M... more Nigeria has been a signatory to United Nations (UN) convention on Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and sustainable development goals (SDGs) programmed to be achieved in the year 2030. Against the background of its failure to meet up with MDGs targets especially on Education in 2015, this paper seeks to appraise educational sector and due process which is the lynch-pin for the socioeconomic advancement of any nation. Using functionalist theory to appraise the roles of three critical societal variables i.e family, government and environment who's functional, interrelated and integrated roles are important in achieving the vision, the paper argues that failure of socialization process of the families to their wards on the importance of hard work, lack of culture of due process and leadership failure to live up to expectations in educational sector, are responsible for the that values of hard work and due process right from family level to the larger society should be encouraged in our national life and that merit rather than mediocrity should be rewarded and that political will on policy implementations in educational sector on the part of political leadership is vital rather than policy inconsistencies.
Global Journal of Political Science and Administration, 2019
This study focuses on the activities of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in ... more This study focuses on the activities of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in promoting regional integration among member countries since its transformation from Intergovernmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD) to IGAD in the 1990s. The data for the study are derived from the secondary sources such as textbooks, articles journals, theses, and other relevant documents both offline and online. The theory of liberal intergovernmentalism is adopted for the purpose of analysis. From the findings, the paper notes that so far, the organization has been able to achieve some objectives, including the establishment of IGAD Climate Prediction Application Centre (ICPAC) which relays reports on climate change to member states every 10 days; establishment of IGAD Women's Desk in 1994 to Foster gender mainstreaming and promote Women's participation in IGAD Programmes; mediation etcetera. However, the organization is yet to achieve economic union it proposed in 2009. There are also challenges of incessant conflicts/wars among member states. Equally, the issues of harsh weather conditions-drought and desertification-of the region as well as multiplicity of regional organizations with overlapping membership and functions have equally affected the process of integration among IGAD's member states. Finally, the study makes some recommendations among which are as follows: Member states should focus more on development programmes that will boost the economy of the region so that the goal of integration can be attained; Member countries should avoid joining several organizations with huge cost implications and concentrate on the ones that can help them achieve regional integration among them; The mediation arm of the organization should be strengthened with proper funding while members should remain neutral during mediation to enable the organization meets it goal of peace in the region, Etcetera.
Since the return of democracy in 1999, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has b... more Since the return of democracy in 1999, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has been very instrumental in the conduct of elections in Nigeria. Beclouded with galaxies of electoral challenges and issues of free, fair and credible elections in Nigeria, INEC introduced the Card Reader as an instrument for enhancing the credibility of elections. Hence this work is an attempt to examine the role of INEC in the conduct of elections against the background of contending perspectives on the use of card reader in Nigeria. The work further identifies the pros and cons of the card reader in relations to the Nigeria's political development and the political behaviour of Nigerians especially as it relates to elections and electoral processes. Relying on the merits of secondary data and Gabriel Almond's structural functionalism as a theoretical pedestal, this research is conducted and analyzed. It is the position of this work that the introduction of Card Reader by INEC in good for Nigeria's democracy. The work therefore recommends an improvement in the use of Card Reader in such a way that the limitations witnessed in the 2015 general elections will be addressed.
International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 2019
The field of international relations has increasingly become agog with issues bordering on Region... more The field of international relations has increasingly become agog with issues bordering on Regional integration today because nation states have come to realize the importance of cooperation to facilitate the achievement of common aspirations. It has been proven that when states cooperate or integrate they are bound to reap benefits in economic, political and social spheres for their members. Thus, in the economic milieu, countries who integrate can achieve economies of scale, optimally allocate scarce resources and accelerate economic growth or increase trade. Also politically, regional integration can boost a country military prowess, augment political status and wade-off aggression etcetera. (Ibori,2019). These benefits have therefore influenced the creation of several regional organizations virtually in all regions of the world. The same applies to the Mano River Union (MRU) whose establishment according to the founding members was borne out of the need to "accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural advancement of our two countries…by active collaboration and mutual assistance in matter of common interest in economic, social, technical, scientific and administrative fields" (United Nations, 1974:266). The desire to have this Union in place started way back in 1967 but it was on October 3, 1973 that it became a reality following the signing of the "Malema Declaration" by the Presidents of Sierra Leone and Liberia (Boye-Thompson, 2017). Since then, the Union in the words of Wathi (2017) "maintains the initiation of dialogue at all levels between states for the purpose of achieving great unity and solidarity, and promoting goodwill, neighbouring cooperation and peaceful coexistence amongst its people, promoting peace, security, democratic principles and popular participation of citizens in the pursuit of good governance". The study shall therefore, analyze the Mano River Union as one formidable region organization within the West Africa Sub-region through the lens of Neo-functionalism. The purpose of doing this is to see how this framework can
West African Union University Institute Press., 2022
This paper examines the phenomenon of human capital flight, commonly known as brain drain, and it... more This paper examines the phenomenon of human capital flight, commonly known as brain drain, and its implications for Nigeria’s socio-economic development. As highly skilled professionals migrate in search of better opportunities abroad, Nigeria faces a significant loss of talent in key sectors such as healthcare, education, and technology. The paper explores the driving factors behind this exodus, including economic instability, lack of infrastructure, and poor governance. It also assesses the long-term impacts on Nigeria’s development trajectory, focusing on the challenges posed by a diminishing talent pool and the potential strategies for reversing the trend. The study highlights the need for policy reforms, improved working conditions, and investment in local human capital to mitigate the adverse effects of brain drain and foster sustainable national growth.
European Centre for Research Training and Development UK, 2014
It is fifty-four years since the British colonial overlords departed Nigerian geopolitical space ... more It is fifty-four years since the British colonial overlords departed Nigerian geopolitical space living the stage for indigenous rulers. Fifty four years of independence provides opportunity for discourse, on good governance as Nigeria features prominently in the crises in Africa. Literature is awash with prognoses on the probable causes of this parlous state. There is a growing consensus that lack of probity and accountability are responsible for the appalling governance situation in Africa. Scholars in Nigeria taking a cue from polemics on politics and administration dichotomy and its dialectics in the western hemisphere have been arguing about the helplessness of public administration in Nigeria's crisis of governance. Tracing the history of Nigeria's political leadership and its bureaucracy, the paper provides a descriptive analysis of the crisis in Nigeria within the context of the nature of political leadership (colonial, postcolonial, military and civilian) and argues that neither Nigerian political leadership nor the bureaucracy are blameless using the theoretical standpoints of structural/functionalism and elitism especially in view of the influential role the bureaucracy had opportunity to play during the inexperienced three decades of military rule out of Nigeria's five decades of independence. Recommendations include: a coherent and comprehensive bureaucratic reform that will wean the Nigerian public service from western-inspired top-down development paradigm to bottomup approach; that there should be social reorientation designed to eschew primordial values that promote nepotism and mediocrity; that merit should not be sacrificed on the altar of "sense of self-belonging" in Nigerian federation; and that Max Weber bureaucratic model should be adapted to grassroots participatory governance.
This research investigates the relationship between culture and economic development relying on t... more This research investigates the relationship between culture and economic development relying on the Chinese Confucianism as a case study with the attendant lessons it bears for Nigeria. The research envisages that if cultural ideals are diffused into the economic process, development will be engendered. The research relies on the structural functional approach as theoretical framework. It employs the secondary source of data collection as methodology. The findings of the work show that values like trust, honesty, hard-work amongst others embedded in the Chinese culture have accelerated economic development in modern China and can as well engender economic development in Nigeria as well. It is recommended that if other nations like Nigeria take clue from the Chinese experience, development can ensue.
All over the world and from time immemorial, the domination of societal politics by men bad evoke... more All over the world and from time immemorial, the domination of societal politics by men bad evoked and actually provoked radical activisms aimed at gender balancing and calling attention to the unwanted discrepancy between that position of men and women in the state and society at large. Employing the theory of liberal-feminism, the paper places emphasis on the oppression and marginalization of women at all levels which has continued to take place inspite of the existence of the affirmative action and other treaties aimed at promoting increase women participation and representation in politics and governance. Based on current available statistics, the paper argues that for the discourse on gender mainstreaming to be productive and effective, proper reorientation must be made with the issue being located within the framework of power politics.
Nigeria since independence has been grappling with economic development. Various measures from ec... more Nigeria since independence has been grappling with economic development. Various measures from economic planning to economic reforms have been taken by successive government to redress the anomalies without respite as these economic measures are private-sector driven via foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Relying on the premise of Marxist political economy approach, the writers posit that neo-colonialism, lack of policy continuity, policy reversals, culture of corruption and the free agents of globalization have made these economic blueprints mere "paper-tigers". Recommendations are therefore made that reform program irrespective of political regime should be sustained though with modification(s) where necessary. The culture of corruption should be wiped out and the engine of economic growth should be internally located for any economic reform to make meaningful impacts on the lives of the citizenry. Africans as a people (are) incapable of longtime strategic planning with the exception of Hannibal.-Anonymous
Privatization of public enterprises has become prevalent in most of the underdeveloped and backwa... more Privatization of public enterprises has become prevalent in most of the underdeveloped and backward countries of the world. This is due not only to the fact that most of these government establishments are becoming more and more inefficient and ineffective but also because of the prevalence of capitalism the world over. It is generally believed that government has no business in business. In fact, the argument of Adam Smith of the government which interferes less governs best is becoming the sing song in most of these underdeveloped states. Nigeria is not an exemption in this. Privatization of Nigeria's public sector began in the 1980s and it has been sustained up till the present dispensation. While this paper does not condemn privatization as a policy, it frowns at its implementation in Nigeria. The paper examines various schools of thought which necessitated the consideration of structural functionalism and neo-Marxism theories as they apply to the study. It was discovered that several problems are inherent in the implementation of privatization policy in Nigeria and prevent the country from enjoying the benefits in it. It is recommended that through effective monitoring, transparency and accountability, Nigeria would benefit from privatization.
The issue of food and food security has become a predominant discourse in global politics today e... more The issue of food and food security has become a predominant discourse in global politics today especially following the crash in global oil prices and the attendant consequences of food shortages. In Nigeria, food prices have soared with prices peaking at a ratio uneven to the income per capita. This situation is further compounded by agitations in the oil producing regions of the Niger Delta and the destruction of oil infrastructures which has raised the bar for the government to redirect its dependence on oil to agriculture and food production. The objective of this paper was to examine the fate of Nigeria in international polities of food security. In doing this, a secondary source of data was utilized by using descriptive analysis techniques to analyse the body of literature on food security against the background of Nigeria's monolithic oil diplomacy. Finding was made that, the issue of food security have become another major bone of contention in the unequal relationships between developed and developing world where the united states(US) and British Government are desperate to ensure that world food resources are firmly in the grips of the firms where they have interests. Recommendations are made among others, those oil-dependent countries like Nigeria should diversify their economies to non-oil sectors like Agriculture, human resources training and development and promotion of entrepreneurial skills in non-oil sectors of the economies, and that, every tier of government should have political will to promote economic policies and institutional reforms in relevant sectors to realize this objective of diversification.
This paper is an attempt at to examine the relationship between national interest and Nigeria's d... more This paper is an attempt at to examine the relationship between national interest and Nigeria's defence policy with a view to identifying the missing link between these variables in contemporary Nigeria's defence and security architecture. It is the position of this paper that Nigeria's defence policy does not sufficiently and holistically address and articulate germane contemporary security trends and the challenges these trends pose to national security. This paper further maintained that the notion of security as deduced from the national defence policy is state-centric, conventional and traditional hence cannot stand the test of time. In carrying out this investigation, this paper adopted the secondary method of data collection while leaning on the realist theory as a base for analysis. The work further recommends that for Nigeria to achieve her national interest through her defence policy there is the need for review and redirection of Nigeria's defence policy to encapsulate untraditional conception of defence and security.
South-South Journal of Humanities and International Studies , 2018
Right from time immemorial, migration has been inherent in human race as people must necessarily ... more Right from time immemorial, migration has been inherent in human race as people must necessarily move from one place to another in pursuit of their hearts desires. The phenomenon is not peculiar to African continent for history has shown that migration is an enduring phenomenon across all the continents. If people are not moving from inclement weather to a favourable one, they are moving to a better area for settlements. Trade is another factor that causes migration at anytime. In 18th to 19th century, there were forced migrations where Africans were transported across the Atlantics as slaves to work in European plantations but after the independence, there have been voluntary migrations for economic well-beings as harsh economic conditions in African States made it necessary. This paper seeks to examine this phenomenon of migration especially in the area of brain drain whose negative backlashes could be noticed in terms of socio-cultural and economic implications for African States using Economic dualison as a theatrical plank. Nevertheless, it is not all South-South Journal of Humanities and International Studies Migration in Africa and Mobility of Labour a bad story as some scholars believe that brain drain can be turned to gain if well harnessed especially in the area of Diaspora expatriates and the remittances the emigrants transfer home. Recommendations are made amongst others that institutions of governance should be strengthened to be able to deliver common goods to dissuade brain drains and that just like Asian Tigers, Africans should look inward for self development instead of migrating for greener pastures in foreign lands
The paper examines Africa's drive towards industrialization through Import Substitution Industria... more The paper examines Africa's drive towards industrialization through Import Substitution Industrialization Strategy (ISIS) as it makes efforts towards economic recovery. In the course of achieving thus, secondary source of data was utilized by reviewing body of literatures on import substitution, development, and efforts made by Africa as a continent towards economic emancipation. The paper reaffirms the fact that the historical ties with the industrialized West is still a major inhibiting factor in Africa's industrialization and no robust economy can emerge out of Africa's position as net consumers of imports and net producers it producers of raw m of raw materials for industrialized West It further discovered that the ability to recondition the tastes of Africans by the European traders marked the emergence of dependent economies in t the continent as the continent was turned to a consumer-base of the world industrial production. As part of contribution to various discourses on African economic recovery efforts, the paper recommends that the importation of agricultural products to Africa from the advanced economies of the world should be halted, gradually and spontaneously as the case may be by every member of the African Union as the starting point for economic development and independence, and that there should forward and backward linkages of all th in order to I the sectors of the economies realize the objectives of the much needed diversifications and the people of the continent must ensure leadership recruitment is done based on merit so as to ensure accountability with all sense of decency,
This paper seeks to establish a correlation between political development, identity conflicts and... more This paper seeks to establish a correlation between political development, identity conflicts and resource shoring in Nigeria. The paper uses descriptive analysis to review literature on Nigeria's political history vis-à-vis the federal system instituted at independence in 1960 and the relationship between ethnic identities as bargaining platforms. The paper highlights how inequitable resources sharing and general mistrust among Nigeria's ethnic groups endangers democratic governance. Among other issues the paper recommends the evolution and maintenance of a formula for sharing resources that awards more revenue to the states, local governments and communities where money is generated and far less to the federal government to engender genuine development. Part of the recommendation includes the enshrinement of a more transparent and ethnically inclusive approach to political appointments by the federal government; and constitutional change recognising residency in citizenship by reducing the importance of indigenous considerations in elected positions and appointments, school enrolments and other social engagements.
In Public Policy and National Development in Nigeria: Essays in Honour of Professor Sam Amdii, Zoaka, Yusuf Ali, et al (eds.), pp. 649-662, 2019
This Essay examines Nigeria's leadership role in Africa, analyzing the historical, political, and... more This Essay examines Nigeria's leadership role in Africa, analyzing the historical, political, and economic dimensions that shape its influence on the continent. It highlights Nigeria's capacity as a regional power, addressing both its opportunities and challenges in fostering stability and development within Africa. The study evaluates key areas where Nigeria has made significant contributions, including peacekeeping efforts, economic cooperation, and diplomatic initiatives. Additionally, it explores policy options for enhancing Nigeria's leadership effectiveness, emphasizing the need for strategic partnerships, investment in regional infrastructure, and active participation in multilateral organizations. The findings underscore the importance of a cohesive approach to reinforce Nigeria's role as a pivotal player in African affairs and promote sustainable development across the region.
In The Democracy Question and Election Management in Africa, Mato, Kabiru (ed.), pp223-237., 2010
This work critically examines the immunity clause within the Nigerian Constitution, which protect... more This work critically examines the immunity clause within the Nigerian Constitution, which protects certain political officeholders from prosecution while in office. The study explores the legal framework surrounding the clause, analyzing its intent, scope, and judicial interpretations. It also addresses the political dimensions, focusing on how the clause has been exploited for personal and political gain, often undermining accountability and justice. By contrasting legal theory with political practice, the paper sheds light on the implications of the immunity clause for governance, rule of law, and the fight against corruption in Nigeria.
CRUTECH Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology , 2017
One problematic issue of democratization in post-colonial Africa has been the sit-tight tendency ... more One problematic issue of democratization in post-colonial Africa has been the sit-tight tendency of leaders and their penchant to flout constitutional provisions on tenure, which adversely affects political succession and nation building on the continent. Relying on secondary data, this paper does a descriptive analysis of sit-tight leadership in select African states. The paper shows how factors such as colonial legacy, ethno-religious sentiments, heroic feelings, corruption and fear of uncertainty weave into the politics of tenure elongation in African states.
Port Harcourt Journal Of History & Diplomatic Studies, 2021
Nigeria has been a signatory to United Nations (UN) convention on Millennium Development Goals (M... more Nigeria has been a signatory to United Nations (UN) convention on Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and sustainable development goals (SDGs) programmed to be achieved in the year 2030. Against the background of its failure to meet up with MDGs targets especially on Education in 2015, this paper seeks to appraise educational sector and due process which is the lynch-pin for the socioeconomic advancement of any nation. Using functionalist theory to appraise the roles of three critical societal variables i.e family, government and environment who's functional, interrelated and integrated roles are important in achieving the vision, the paper argues that failure of socialization process of the families to their wards on the importance of hard work, lack of culture of due process and leadership failure to live up to expectations in educational sector, are responsible for the that values of hard work and due process right from family level to the larger society should be encouraged in our national life and that merit rather than mediocrity should be rewarded and that political will on policy implementations in educational sector on the part of political leadership is vital rather than policy inconsistencies.
Global Journal of Political Science and Administration, 2019
This study focuses on the activities of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in ... more This study focuses on the activities of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in promoting regional integration among member countries since its transformation from Intergovernmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD) to IGAD in the 1990s. The data for the study are derived from the secondary sources such as textbooks, articles journals, theses, and other relevant documents both offline and online. The theory of liberal intergovernmentalism is adopted for the purpose of analysis. From the findings, the paper notes that so far, the organization has been able to achieve some objectives, including the establishment of IGAD Climate Prediction Application Centre (ICPAC) which relays reports on climate change to member states every 10 days; establishment of IGAD Women's Desk in 1994 to Foster gender mainstreaming and promote Women's participation in IGAD Programmes; mediation etcetera. However, the organization is yet to achieve economic union it proposed in 2009. There are also challenges of incessant conflicts/wars among member states. Equally, the issues of harsh weather conditions-drought and desertification-of the region as well as multiplicity of regional organizations with overlapping membership and functions have equally affected the process of integration among IGAD's member states. Finally, the study makes some recommendations among which are as follows: Member states should focus more on development programmes that will boost the economy of the region so that the goal of integration can be attained; Member countries should avoid joining several organizations with huge cost implications and concentrate on the ones that can help them achieve regional integration among them; The mediation arm of the organization should be strengthened with proper funding while members should remain neutral during mediation to enable the organization meets it goal of peace in the region, Etcetera.
Since the return of democracy in 1999, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has b... more Since the return of democracy in 1999, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has been very instrumental in the conduct of elections in Nigeria. Beclouded with galaxies of electoral challenges and issues of free, fair and credible elections in Nigeria, INEC introduced the Card Reader as an instrument for enhancing the credibility of elections. Hence this work is an attempt to examine the role of INEC in the conduct of elections against the background of contending perspectives on the use of card reader in Nigeria. The work further identifies the pros and cons of the card reader in relations to the Nigeria's political development and the political behaviour of Nigerians especially as it relates to elections and electoral processes. Relying on the merits of secondary data and Gabriel Almond's structural functionalism as a theoretical pedestal, this research is conducted and analyzed. It is the position of this work that the introduction of Card Reader by INEC in good for Nigeria's democracy. The work therefore recommends an improvement in the use of Card Reader in such a way that the limitations witnessed in the 2015 general elections will be addressed.
International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 2019
The field of international relations has increasingly become agog with issues bordering on Region... more The field of international relations has increasingly become agog with issues bordering on Regional integration today because nation states have come to realize the importance of cooperation to facilitate the achievement of common aspirations. It has been proven that when states cooperate or integrate they are bound to reap benefits in economic, political and social spheres for their members. Thus, in the economic milieu, countries who integrate can achieve economies of scale, optimally allocate scarce resources and accelerate economic growth or increase trade. Also politically, regional integration can boost a country military prowess, augment political status and wade-off aggression etcetera. (Ibori,2019). These benefits have therefore influenced the creation of several regional organizations virtually in all regions of the world. The same applies to the Mano River Union (MRU) whose establishment according to the founding members was borne out of the need to "accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural advancement of our two countries…by active collaboration and mutual assistance in matter of common interest in economic, social, technical, scientific and administrative fields" (United Nations, 1974:266). The desire to have this Union in place started way back in 1967 but it was on October 3, 1973 that it became a reality following the signing of the "Malema Declaration" by the Presidents of Sierra Leone and Liberia (Boye-Thompson, 2017). Since then, the Union in the words of Wathi (2017) "maintains the initiation of dialogue at all levels between states for the purpose of achieving great unity and solidarity, and promoting goodwill, neighbouring cooperation and peaceful coexistence amongst its people, promoting peace, security, democratic principles and popular participation of citizens in the pursuit of good governance". The study shall therefore, analyze the Mano River Union as one formidable region organization within the West Africa Sub-region through the lens of Neo-functionalism. The purpose of doing this is to see how this framework can
West African Union University Institute Press., 2022
This paper examines the phenomenon of human capital flight, commonly known as brain drain, and it... more This paper examines the phenomenon of human capital flight, commonly known as brain drain, and its implications for Nigeria’s socio-economic development. As highly skilled professionals migrate in search of better opportunities abroad, Nigeria faces a significant loss of talent in key sectors such as healthcare, education, and technology. The paper explores the driving factors behind this exodus, including economic instability, lack of infrastructure, and poor governance. It also assesses the long-term impacts on Nigeria’s development trajectory, focusing on the challenges posed by a diminishing talent pool and the potential strategies for reversing the trend. The study highlights the need for policy reforms, improved working conditions, and investment in local human capital to mitigate the adverse effects of brain drain and foster sustainable national growth.
European Centre for Research Training and Development UK, 2014
It is fifty-four years since the British colonial overlords departed Nigerian geopolitical space ... more It is fifty-four years since the British colonial overlords departed Nigerian geopolitical space living the stage for indigenous rulers. Fifty four years of independence provides opportunity for discourse, on good governance as Nigeria features prominently in the crises in Africa. Literature is awash with prognoses on the probable causes of this parlous state. There is a growing consensus that lack of probity and accountability are responsible for the appalling governance situation in Africa. Scholars in Nigeria taking a cue from polemics on politics and administration dichotomy and its dialectics in the western hemisphere have been arguing about the helplessness of public administration in Nigeria's crisis of governance. Tracing the history of Nigeria's political leadership and its bureaucracy, the paper provides a descriptive analysis of the crisis in Nigeria within the context of the nature of political leadership (colonial, postcolonial, military and civilian) and argues that neither Nigerian political leadership nor the bureaucracy are blameless using the theoretical standpoints of structural/functionalism and elitism especially in view of the influential role the bureaucracy had opportunity to play during the inexperienced three decades of military rule out of Nigeria's five decades of independence. Recommendations include: a coherent and comprehensive bureaucratic reform that will wean the Nigerian public service from western-inspired top-down development paradigm to bottomup approach; that there should be social reorientation designed to eschew primordial values that promote nepotism and mediocrity; that merit should not be sacrificed on the altar of "sense of self-belonging" in Nigerian federation; and that Max Weber bureaucratic model should be adapted to grassroots participatory governance.
This research investigates the relationship between culture and economic development relying on t... more This research investigates the relationship between culture and economic development relying on the Chinese Confucianism as a case study with the attendant lessons it bears for Nigeria. The research envisages that if cultural ideals are diffused into the economic process, development will be engendered. The research relies on the structural functional approach as theoretical framework. It employs the secondary source of data collection as methodology. The findings of the work show that values like trust, honesty, hard-work amongst others embedded in the Chinese culture have accelerated economic development in modern China and can as well engender economic development in Nigeria as well. It is recommended that if other nations like Nigeria take clue from the Chinese experience, development can ensue.
All over the world and from time immemorial, the domination of societal politics by men bad evoke... more All over the world and from time immemorial, the domination of societal politics by men bad evoked and actually provoked radical activisms aimed at gender balancing and calling attention to the unwanted discrepancy between that position of men and women in the state and society at large. Employing the theory of liberal-feminism, the paper places emphasis on the oppression and marginalization of women at all levels which has continued to take place inspite of the existence of the affirmative action and other treaties aimed at promoting increase women participation and representation in politics and governance. Based on current available statistics, the paper argues that for the discourse on gender mainstreaming to be productive and effective, proper reorientation must be made with the issue being located within the framework of power politics.
Nigeria since independence has been grappling with economic development. Various measures from ec... more Nigeria since independence has been grappling with economic development. Various measures from economic planning to economic reforms have been taken by successive government to redress the anomalies without respite as these economic measures are private-sector driven via foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Relying on the premise of Marxist political economy approach, the writers posit that neo-colonialism, lack of policy continuity, policy reversals, culture of corruption and the free agents of globalization have made these economic blueprints mere "paper-tigers". Recommendations are therefore made that reform program irrespective of political regime should be sustained though with modification(s) where necessary. The culture of corruption should be wiped out and the engine of economic growth should be internally located for any economic reform to make meaningful impacts on the lives of the citizenry. Africans as a people (are) incapable of longtime strategic planning with the exception of Hannibal.-Anonymous
Privatization of public enterprises has become prevalent in most of the underdeveloped and backwa... more Privatization of public enterprises has become prevalent in most of the underdeveloped and backward countries of the world. This is due not only to the fact that most of these government establishments are becoming more and more inefficient and ineffective but also because of the prevalence of capitalism the world over. It is generally believed that government has no business in business. In fact, the argument of Adam Smith of the government which interferes less governs best is becoming the sing song in most of these underdeveloped states. Nigeria is not an exemption in this. Privatization of Nigeria's public sector began in the 1980s and it has been sustained up till the present dispensation. While this paper does not condemn privatization as a policy, it frowns at its implementation in Nigeria. The paper examines various schools of thought which necessitated the consideration of structural functionalism and neo-Marxism theories as they apply to the study. It was discovered that several problems are inherent in the implementation of privatization policy in Nigeria and prevent the country from enjoying the benefits in it. It is recommended that through effective monitoring, transparency and accountability, Nigeria would benefit from privatization.
The issue of food and food security has become a predominant discourse in global politics today e... more The issue of food and food security has become a predominant discourse in global politics today especially following the crash in global oil prices and the attendant consequences of food shortages. In Nigeria, food prices have soared with prices peaking at a ratio uneven to the income per capita. This situation is further compounded by agitations in the oil producing regions of the Niger Delta and the destruction of oil infrastructures which has raised the bar for the government to redirect its dependence on oil to agriculture and food production. The objective of this paper was to examine the fate of Nigeria in international polities of food security. In doing this, a secondary source of data was utilized by using descriptive analysis techniques to analyse the body of literature on food security against the background of Nigeria's monolithic oil diplomacy. Finding was made that, the issue of food security have become another major bone of contention in the unequal relationships between developed and developing world where the united states(US) and British Government are desperate to ensure that world food resources are firmly in the grips of the firms where they have interests. Recommendations are made among others, those oil-dependent countries like Nigeria should diversify their economies to non-oil sectors like Agriculture, human resources training and development and promotion of entrepreneurial skills in non-oil sectors of the economies, and that, every tier of government should have political will to promote economic policies and institutional reforms in relevant sectors to realize this objective of diversification.
This paper is an attempt at to examine the relationship between national interest and Nigeria's d... more This paper is an attempt at to examine the relationship between national interest and Nigeria's defence policy with a view to identifying the missing link between these variables in contemporary Nigeria's defence and security architecture. It is the position of this paper that Nigeria's defence policy does not sufficiently and holistically address and articulate germane contemporary security trends and the challenges these trends pose to national security. This paper further maintained that the notion of security as deduced from the national defence policy is state-centric, conventional and traditional hence cannot stand the test of time. In carrying out this investigation, this paper adopted the secondary method of data collection while leaning on the realist theory as a base for analysis. The work further recommends that for Nigeria to achieve her national interest through her defence policy there is the need for review and redirection of Nigeria's defence policy to encapsulate untraditional conception of defence and security.
South-South Journal of Humanities and International Studies , 2018
Right from time immemorial, migration has been inherent in human race as people must necessarily ... more Right from time immemorial, migration has been inherent in human race as people must necessarily move from one place to another in pursuit of their hearts desires. The phenomenon is not peculiar to African continent for history has shown that migration is an enduring phenomenon across all the continents. If people are not moving from inclement weather to a favourable one, they are moving to a better area for settlements. Trade is another factor that causes migration at anytime. In 18th to 19th century, there were forced migrations where Africans were transported across the Atlantics as slaves to work in European plantations but after the independence, there have been voluntary migrations for economic well-beings as harsh economic conditions in African States made it necessary. This paper seeks to examine this phenomenon of migration especially in the area of brain drain whose negative backlashes could be noticed in terms of socio-cultural and economic implications for African States using Economic dualison as a theatrical plank. Nevertheless, it is not all South-South Journal of Humanities and International Studies Migration in Africa and Mobility of Labour a bad story as some scholars believe that brain drain can be turned to gain if well harnessed especially in the area of Diaspora expatriates and the remittances the emigrants transfer home. Recommendations are made amongst others that institutions of governance should be strengthened to be able to deliver common goods to dissuade brain drains and that just like Asian Tigers, Africans should look inward for self development instead of migrating for greener pastures in foreign lands
The paper examines Africa's drive towards industrialization through Import Substitution Industria... more The paper examines Africa's drive towards industrialization through Import Substitution Industrialization Strategy (ISIS) as it makes efforts towards economic recovery. In the course of achieving thus, secondary source of data was utilized by reviewing body of literatures on import substitution, development, and efforts made by Africa as a continent towards economic emancipation. The paper reaffirms the fact that the historical ties with the industrialized West is still a major inhibiting factor in Africa's industrialization and no robust economy can emerge out of Africa's position as net consumers of imports and net producers it producers of raw m of raw materials for industrialized West It further discovered that the ability to recondition the tastes of Africans by the European traders marked the emergence of dependent economies in t the continent as the continent was turned to a consumer-base of the world industrial production. As part of contribution to various discourses on African economic recovery efforts, the paper recommends that the importation of agricultural products to Africa from the advanced economies of the world should be halted, gradually and spontaneously as the case may be by every member of the African Union as the starting point for economic development and independence, and that there should forward and backward linkages of all th in order to I the sectors of the economies realize the objectives of the much needed diversifications and the people of the continent must ensure leadership recruitment is done based on merit so as to ensure accountability with all sense of decency,
This paper seeks to establish a correlation between political development, identity conflicts and... more This paper seeks to establish a correlation between political development, identity conflicts and resource shoring in Nigeria. The paper uses descriptive analysis to review literature on Nigeria's political history vis-à-vis the federal system instituted at independence in 1960 and the relationship between ethnic identities as bargaining platforms. The paper highlights how inequitable resources sharing and general mistrust among Nigeria's ethnic groups endangers democratic governance. Among other issues the paper recommends the evolution and maintenance of a formula for sharing resources that awards more revenue to the states, local governments and communities where money is generated and far less to the federal government to engender genuine development. Part of the recommendation includes the enshrinement of a more transparent and ethnically inclusive approach to political appointments by the federal government; and constitutional change recognising residency in citizenship by reducing the importance of indigenous considerations in elected positions and appointments, school enrolments and other social engagements.
The 20th Annual Africa Conference At The University Of Texas At Austin, U.S.A. , 2021
The colonial contraption of 1914 which collapsed disparage ethnic nationalities into a federation... more The colonial contraption of 1914 which collapsed disparage ethnic nationalities into a federation has evolved into a complex political pluralism called Nigeria. The military takeover of the reign of power just six years after independence in 1960 was the predictable consequence of the deepseated schism amongst the political leadership that negotiated independence from the British. Thus, from inception, the fault lines that have severely fractured the Nigerian federal system were created by the rampaging civil political leadership on the one hand and the meddlesome military on the other. Thus, almost 60 years after the task of nation building began, phrases such as; 'marriage of convenience' 'strange bedfellows' mere geographical expression' have been used to dismiss the federation of Nigeria. However, the liberal political environment created by 19 years of unbroken democratization process has rekindled the drumbeat of calls to renegotiate the basis of what has endured as a fragile federation since independence. This paper interrogates contemporary narratives on Nigeria's troubled federation, especially the conversations on restructuring between and amongst leadership elite groups across ethnic divides. By means of interpretative approach to extant literature, and using cultural pluralism/conflict theory as theoretical underpinnings, the paper argues that the agitations for restructuring is an elitist preoccupation in so far as it falls short of an inclusive agenda that seek to promote accountability and good governance. Recommendations proffered include; an urgent need to streamline the recommend dations of constitutional conference held so far and the adoption of same by the National Assembly as the basis for a comprehensive review of the 1999 constitution. The paper also recommends that the Federal Government should muster the political will to devolve powers to the constituent units in order to reduce the unhealthy competition that characterize the scramble for power at the centre
Department Of Political Science And International Relations In Collaboration With Rosa Luxemburge Stiftiung, 2019
With the collapse of cold war between two ideological rivals in 1990s, democracy became the only ... more With the collapse of cold war between two ideological rivals in 1990s, democracy became the only acceptable system of government the world over. The autocratic regimes in Africa saw the need to key into democratization process which became the measuring rod for accountable governance. Not long after this, African governments started sliding back to authoritarian regimes camouflaging as democratic governments. In Africa, public offices are not used to serve national interest but kinship ties due to the segmented nature of African societies. Therefore, leadership recruitments through democratic process is fraught with irregularities for narrow and primordial interests as the basic tenents of democracy are subverted. Nigeria took steps back to democratic governance in 1999. Elections since then have been mired in controversy due to lack of transparency. If 2015 general election was an improvement over the previous ones, the 2019 general election was a reversal of modest gains made from the previous elections. Having reviewed the extant literatures on democratic principles, the papers concludes, that lack of free and fair election, security, rule of law, financial independence of I.N.E.C and independent judiciary constituted is enabling environment for the deepening of democratic process. The widespread violence, intimidation and subversion of people's will, impunities are testimonies to this observation. Recommendations are made that, for democratic process to take root without reversal in Nigeria, the basic democratictenents should be strictly observed and that relevant institutions for electoral process should be strengthen to deepen democracy and confidence building mechanisms should be used to boost the morales of the citizenry in the electoral process.
In Conducting Peaceful, Free and Fair Elections In 2011 And Beyond: The Role of Stakeholders. Zoaka, Y. A. & Uke, I. I. (eds) (2011), pp. 150-162. Abuja: Chartered Graphic Press., 2011
This explores the intricate relationship between disarmament efforts in the Niger-Delta and the b... more This explores the intricate relationship between disarmament efforts in the Niger-Delta and the broader process of democratic consolidation in Nigeria. It analyzes how the successful disarmament of militant groups in the oil-rich region could foster political stability and enhance democratic governance. The paper argues that disarmament not only reduces violence but also creates a conducive environment for inclusive political dialogue and economic development. By examining past disarmament initiatives, the paper offers policy recommendations for achieving enduring peace and strengthening Nigeria's democracy.
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Papers by Prof. Musa S . Ibori
has evolved into a complex political pluralism called Nigeria. The military takeover of the reign
of power just six years after independence in 1960 was the predictable consequence of the deepseated schism amongst the political leadership that negotiated independence from the British.
Thus, from inception, the fault lines that have severely fractured the Nigerian federal system
were created by the rampaging civil political leadership on the one hand and the meddlesome
military on the other. Thus, almost 60 years after the task of nation building began, phrases such
as; 'marriage of convenience' 'strange bedfellows' mere geographical expression' have been used
to dismiss the federation of Nigeria. However, the liberal political environment created by 19
years of unbroken democratization process has rekindled the drumbeat of calls to renegotiate the
basis of what has endured as a fragile federation since independence. This paper interrogates
contemporary narratives on Nigeria's troubled federation, especially the conversations on
restructuring between and amongst leadership elite groups across ethnic divides. By means of
interpretative approach to extant literature, and using cultural pluralism/conflict theory as
theoretical underpinnings, the paper argues that the agitations for restructuring is an elitist
preoccupation in so far as it falls short of an inclusive agenda that seek to promote accountability
and good governance. Recommendations proffered include; an urgent need to streamline the
recommend dations of constitutional conference held so far and the adoption of same by the
National Assembly as the basis for a comprehensive review of the 1999 constitution. The paper
also recommends that the Federal Government should muster the political will to devolve powers
to the constituent units in order to reduce the unhealthy competition that characterize the
scramble for power at the centre