GIORNATE DI STUDIO ¿INNOVAZIONE DELLE MACCHINE E DEGLI IMPIANTI NEL SETTORE AGRO-ALIMENTARE PER UNA AGRICOLTURA MULTIFUNZIONALENEL RISPETTO DELL¿AMBIENTE.¿ 5-6 GIUGNO 2006., 2006
The thermodynamic and physical properties of parchment coffee beans in Veracruz (Mexico) have bee... more The thermodynamic and physical properties of parchment coffee beans in Veracruz (Mexico) have been evaluated as function of moisture content. The moisture content of the examined parchment ranged from 11.0% to 55.0%. The results indicate that the angle of repose, the bulk density, the specific heat and enthalpy depend mainly on moisture. Physical and geometric properties such as length, width, thickness and superficial flat and transversal areas are not dependent on moisture content but rather on the morphology of the beans.
Riassunto L'interesse per metodi di trattamento dei reflui dell'industria agroalimentar... more Riassunto L'interesse per metodi di trattamento dei reflui dell'industria agroalimentare è sempre elevato. In particolare nei momenti in cui il costo dell'energia aumenta, i produttori di impianti tendono a presentare le loro macchine inquadrandole anche in ottiche di risparmio energetico. Con la presente memoria gli autori hanno inteso verificare se l'impiantistica di oggi permette di ipotizzare l'utilizzo della distillazione sottovuoto come efficace mezzo di trattamento e recupero di alcune tipologie di reflui (da allevamenti di suini e da frantoi oleari), lavorando su un apparecchio messo a disposizione da un costruttore che ha sede nella provincia di Firenze. Le prove sperimentali sono state eseguite prestando attenzione ai consumi energetici e valutando la possibilità di riutilizzare il distillato in azienda. I risultati hanno evidenziato che: 1. il distillato ottenuto da reflui suinicoli ha buone caratteristiche chimico-fisiche, ma il processo richiede l'utilizzo di antischiuma e acido solforico; 2. dalle acque di vegetazione deriva un distillato qualitativamente simile all'effluente ricavabile con trattamenti chimici, fisici o biologici, a fronte di un notevole risparmio energetico; 3. per le sanse umide le prove di laboratorio hanno fornito buoni risultati circa le caratteristiche chimico-fisiche del distillato con valori di COD estremamente ridotti. Parole chiave: reflui zootecnici, acque di vegetazione, distillatori Summary The interest for the treatment methods of agro-industrial wastewater is always high. The industrial plants builders introduce their products as energy savers, in particular when the energy cost increases. With the present work the authors want to verify if the modern techniques allows to assume the use of the vacuum distillation as effective way of treatment and as recovery of some typologies of wastewater (from swine breeding and from olive mill). The experimental tests have been carried out using an evaporator plant built by a Florence factory and valuating the energy supply required and the reuse possibility of the distilled compounds. The results highlighted that: 1. the distillate obtained from swine waste has good chemical-physical characteristics, but during the process defoamer compounds and some sulphuric acid must to be used; â the distillate extracted from oil wastewater is qualitatively similar to the effluent obtained from chemical, physical or biological treatment, but more energy saver; â the laboratory tests on the wet olive husk carried out that the distillate has good chemical-physical characteristics, with very reduced COD values.
Wood biomass for energy production, used by 50% of the world’s population, represents an importan... more Wood biomass for energy production, used by 50% of the world’s population, represents an important alternative to other non-renewable energy sources even in industrialized countries. The correctly planned management of wood biomass production could make it a valid alternative energy solution to traditional fossil fuels, since it is a local and widely available resource, it has an almost carbon neutral production balance and its exploitation could trigger processes of environmental and social improvement. However, efficient energy transformation that is environmentally and economically sustainable requires the realization of optimized chains in which each phase is rationally planned. This study was carried out using multicriteria analysis methodology in order to assess the suitability of using this renewable source of energy, taking into account the energy, emissions and economic factors as well as the technologies used. The study took into account the costs of cultivation, harvesting, transportation and transformation of the biomass obtained from short to medium rotation coppice, as well as from salvaged biomass chains. The methodology was applied referring to Italy, making the relevant adjustments.
GIORNATE DI STUDIO ¿INNOVAZIONE DELLE MACCHINE E DEGLI IMPIANTI NEL SETTORE AGRO-ALIMENTARE PER UNA AGRICOLTURA MULTIFUNZIONALENEL RISPETTO DELL¿AMBIENTE.¿ 5-6 GIUGNO 2006., 2006
The thermodynamic and physical properties of parchment coffee beans in Veracruz (Mexico) have bee... more The thermodynamic and physical properties of parchment coffee beans in Veracruz (Mexico) have been evaluated as function of moisture content. The moisture content of the examined parchment ranged from 11.0% to 55.0%. The results indicate that the angle of repose, the bulk density, the specific heat and enthalpy depend mainly on moisture. Physical and geometric properties such as length, width, thickness and superficial flat and transversal areas are not dependent on moisture content but rather on the morphology of the beans.
Riassunto L'interesse per metodi di trattamento dei reflui dell'industria agroalimentar... more Riassunto L'interesse per metodi di trattamento dei reflui dell'industria agroalimentare è sempre elevato. In particolare nei momenti in cui il costo dell'energia aumenta, i produttori di impianti tendono a presentare le loro macchine inquadrandole anche in ottiche di risparmio energetico. Con la presente memoria gli autori hanno inteso verificare se l'impiantistica di oggi permette di ipotizzare l'utilizzo della distillazione sottovuoto come efficace mezzo di trattamento e recupero di alcune tipologie di reflui (da allevamenti di suini e da frantoi oleari), lavorando su un apparecchio messo a disposizione da un costruttore che ha sede nella provincia di Firenze. Le prove sperimentali sono state eseguite prestando attenzione ai consumi energetici e valutando la possibilità di riutilizzare il distillato in azienda. I risultati hanno evidenziato che: 1. il distillato ottenuto da reflui suinicoli ha buone caratteristiche chimico-fisiche, ma il processo richiede l'utilizzo di antischiuma e acido solforico; 2. dalle acque di vegetazione deriva un distillato qualitativamente simile all'effluente ricavabile con trattamenti chimici, fisici o biologici, a fronte di un notevole risparmio energetico; 3. per le sanse umide le prove di laboratorio hanno fornito buoni risultati circa le caratteristiche chimico-fisiche del distillato con valori di COD estremamente ridotti. Parole chiave: reflui zootecnici, acque di vegetazione, distillatori Summary The interest for the treatment methods of agro-industrial wastewater is always high. The industrial plants builders introduce their products as energy savers, in particular when the energy cost increases. With the present work the authors want to verify if the modern techniques allows to assume the use of the vacuum distillation as effective way of treatment and as recovery of some typologies of wastewater (from swine breeding and from olive mill). The experimental tests have been carried out using an evaporator plant built by a Florence factory and valuating the energy supply required and the reuse possibility of the distilled compounds. The results highlighted that: 1. the distillate obtained from swine waste has good chemical-physical characteristics, but during the process defoamer compounds and some sulphuric acid must to be used; â the distillate extracted from oil wastewater is qualitatively similar to the effluent obtained from chemical, physical or biological treatment, but more energy saver; â the laboratory tests on the wet olive husk carried out that the distillate has good chemical-physical characteristics, with very reduced COD values.
Wood biomass for energy production, used by 50% of the world’s population, represents an importan... more Wood biomass for energy production, used by 50% of the world’s population, represents an important alternative to other non-renewable energy sources even in industrialized countries. The correctly planned management of wood biomass production could make it a valid alternative energy solution to traditional fossil fuels, since it is a local and widely available resource, it has an almost carbon neutral production balance and its exploitation could trigger processes of environmental and social improvement. However, efficient energy transformation that is environmentally and economically sustainable requires the realization of optimized chains in which each phase is rationally planned. This study was carried out using multicriteria analysis methodology in order to assess the suitability of using this renewable source of energy, taking into account the energy, emissions and economic factors as well as the technologies used. The study took into account the costs of cultivation, harvesting, transportation and transformation of the biomass obtained from short to medium rotation coppice, as well as from salvaged biomass chains. The methodology was applied referring to Italy, making the relevant adjustments.
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