Grevillea infecunda D.J.McGillivray is a narrow endemic that reproduces vegetatively via root suc... more Grevillea infecunda D.J.McGillivray is a narrow endemic that reproduces vegetatively via root suckering. The reproductive biology of five Grevillea infecunda populations was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Stigma maturation follows normal Grevillea development. However, a large number of pollen grains with aberrant forms were documented. A fluorochromatic reaction (FCR) test revealed 0.04% pollen viability. All pollen samples collected from two populations were completely sterile. All viable grains were >100 �m in diameter and included aberrant forms. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique was used to investigate genotypic diversity in G. infecunda. Three primer pairs revealed sufficient variation in 109 loci to assign a unique phenotype to every individual (N = 40) sampled. This suggests that the populations were established from founder seedlings. The species has apparently lost the ability to reproduce sexually but genotypic ...
Phylogenetic relationships of sections and species within Corymbia (Myrtaceae), the bloodwood euc... more Phylogenetic relationships of sections and species within Corymbia (Myrtaceae), the bloodwood eucalypts, were evaluated by using combined analyses of nuclear rDNA (ETS + ITS) and morphological characters. Combining morphological characters with molecular data provided resolution of relationships within Corymbia. The analyses supported the monophyly of the genus and recognition of the following two major clades, treated here as new subgenera: subgenus Corymbia, including informal sections recognised by Hill and Johnson (1995), namely Rufaria (red bloodwoods), Apteria and Fundoria; and subgenus Blakella, including sections Politaria (spotted gums), Cadagaria, Blakearia (paper-fruited bloodwoods or ghost gums) and Ochraria (yellow bloodwoods). Hill and Johnson's section Rufaria is monophyletic if Apteria and Fundoria are included. It is evident that, among the red bloodwoods, series are not monophyletic and several morphological characters result from convergent evolution. There wa...
Abstract An Early Cretaceous (Aptian or earliest Albian) impression flora is described from the u... more Abstract An Early Cretaceous (Aptian or earliest Albian) impression flora is described from the upper part of the Maryborough Formation in the Maryborough Basin, southern Queensland. The flora is preserved in marine sediments hosting an abundant invertebrate fauna dominated by bivalve molluscs. The flora incorporates single species attributable to the Polypodiophyta, Pentoxylales and Bennettitales. Two cuneate leaves have affinities either with the Ginkgoales or seed-ferns. Four species of conifer foliage are represented ...
In theEudesmieae B eucalypts and inEucalyptus caesia, the perianth of the mature flower consists ... more In theEudesmieae B eucalypts and inEucalyptus caesia, the perianth of the mature flower consists of a single, anatomically continuous, opercular structure that is crowned by the tips of the original free and separate calycine and corolline whorls. Ontogenetic and comparative evidence supports the hypothesis that this operculum is mostly corolline in composition, and that the calycine parts have been elevated
Permineralized sporangia from Late Permian sediments of the Amery Group in the Prince Charles Mou... more Permineralized sporangia from Late Permian sediments of the Amery Group in the Prince Charles Mountains, East Antarctica, are assigned to Arberiella sp. cf. A. africana Pant and Nautiyal. These sporangia contain between 2000 and 3000 taeniate, saccate pollen grains that are predominantly haploxylonoid bisaccate and referable to the palynotaxon Protohaploxypinus limpidus (Balme and Hennelly) Balme and Playford. However, the sporangia also contain greater than 4% of diploxylonoid bisaccate forms comparable to ...
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, Jun 1, 2005
NAGALINGUM, NATHALIE S., DRINNAN, ANDREW N. & MCLOUGHLIN, STEPHEN 2005: 07: 0... more NAGALINGUM, NATHALIE S., DRINNAN, ANDREW N. & MCLOUGHLIN, STEPHEN 2005: 07: 01. A new fossil conifer, Bellarinea richardsii, from the Early Cretaceous Strzelecki Group, southeastern Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 117 (1): 1-12. ISSN 0035-9211. A new species of fossil conifer foliage, Bellarinea richardsii, is described and illustrated from Neocomian (Early Cretaceous) sediments of the Tyers River Subgroup in south-eastern Victoria. The specimens consist of intact seasonal shoots and isolated ...
The Flagstone Bench Formation ranges in age from earliest Triassic to Norian (Late Triassic) and ... more The Flagstone Bench Formation ranges in age from earliest Triassic to Norian (Late Triassic) and is exposed in the Beaver Lake area of the northern Prince Charles Mountains. This sandstone-dominated formation rests conformably on the Bainmedart Coal Measures and represents the upper part of the Permian–Triassic Amery Group. It is divisible into three members: the Ritchie, Jetty and McKelvey members (in ascending order). Nine sedimentary facies assignable to three facies associations (major channel, crevasse/fan and flood-basin deposits) are recognized within the formation. Ritchie Member sedimentation took place during a transition from consistently hygric to seasonally dry conditions and the unit comprises sandstone-dominated, sheet-like channel deposits interspersed with few, thin, mottled, haematite-rich flood-basin siltstones. Deposition took place under fluctuating discharge conditions chiefly within the channel tracts of axially (northwesterly/northeasterly) flowing, low-sinuosity braided rivers. The Jetty Member shows a gross upward-fining profile dominated in the lower part by poorly sorted pebbly sandstones and in the upper part by ferruginous mudcracked siltstones, mottled palaeosols, calcrete and thin massive sandstone sheets. This unit reflects deposition of easterly directed alluvial fans and extensive flood-basin silt under a semi-arid climatic regime. The Upper Triassic sandstone-dominated McKelvey Member shows a return to axial drainage along the Lambert Graben with sedimentation occurring primarily within low-sinuosity braided channel tracts under wetter climatic conditions.
Plant remains from the Early Cretaceous of Victoria are described. These are leaves referred to T... more Plant remains from the Early Cretaceous of Victoria are described. These are leaves referred to Taeniopteris daintreei, female fructifications referred to Carnoconites cranwellii and microsporangiate structures herein described as Sahnia laxiphora sp. nov. These are considered to belong to the extinct group, the Pentoxylales, originally described from localities variously dated as Jurassic or Early Cretaceous in the Rajmahal Hills of India. It is suggested that the Pentoxylales, long regarded as an obscure group, are in fact a major and important part of the mid Mesozoic Gondwana flora in Victoria.
The Bainmedart Coal Measures constitute the middle portion of the Permian–Triassic Amery Group, w... more The Bainmedart Coal Measures constitute the middle portion of the Permian–Triassic Amery Group, which represents the only substantial Palaeozoic–Mesozoic sedimentary succession exposed in eastern Antarctica outside the Transantarctic Mountains. The coal measures disconformably or unconformably overlie alluvial fan deposits of the Radok Conglomerate and are conformably overlain by the dominantly fluviatile Flagstone Bench Formation. The coal measures were deposited within alluvial settings dominated by north to northeasterly flowing, low-sinuosity rivers chiefly confined to broad, fault-bounded, valleys of the Lambert Graben, a major late Palaeozoic to early Mesozoic failed rift system. Both climatic and local tectonic factors are considered to have been the major influences on the pattern of coal measure sedimentation. Recent mapping has identified a much greater thickness of sediments within the coal measures than had been inferred previously. The Bainmedart Coal Measures are formally subdivided into six members. In ascending stratigraphic order these are: Dart Fields Conglomerate Member (<3 m thick), Toploje Member (c. 300 m thick), Dragons Teeth Member (15–25 m thick), Glossopteris Gully Member (c. 670 m thick), Grainger Member (c. 350 m thick) and McKinnon Member (c. 530 m thick).
Aim Fossil pollen preserved within small salt lake basins in the Australian interior is used to r... more Aim Fossil pollen preserved within small salt lake basins in the Australian interior is used to reconstruct mid-to late Holocene vegetation. The study aims to identify the origin of problems such as woodland decline and salinization within present ecosystems. ... Location Warrananga and ...
Spiral secondary walls are found in hyaline cells of Sphagnum, in the elaters of most liverworts,... more Spiral secondary walls are found in hyaline cells of Sphagnum, in the elaters of most liverworts, and in elaters of the hornwort Megaceros. Recent studies on these cells suggest that cytoskeletal and ultrastructural processes involved in cell differentiation and secondary wall formation are similar in bryophytes and vascular plant tracheary elements. To examine differences in wall structure, primary and secondary wall constituents of the hyaline cells of Sphagnum novo-zelandicum and elaters of the liverwort Radula buccinifera and the hornwort Megaceros gracilis were analyzed by immunohistochemical and chemical methods. Anti-arabinogalactan-protein antibodies, JIM8 and JIM13, labeled the central fibrillar secondary wall layer of Megaceros elaters and the walls of Sphagnum leaf cells, but did not label the walls of Radula elaters. The CCRC-M7 antibody, which detects an arabinosylated (1-->6)-linked beta-galactan epitope, exclusively labeled hyaline cells in Sphagnum leaves and the secondary walls of Radula elaters. Anti-pectin antibodies, LM5 and JIM5, labeled the primary wall in Megaceros elaters. LM5 also labeled the central layer of the secondary wall but only during formation. In Radula elaters, JIM5 and another anti-pectin antibody, JIM7, labeled the primary wall. The distribution of arabinogalactan-proteins and pectic polysaccharides restricted to specific wall types and stages of development provides evidence for the developmental and functional regulation of cell wall composition in bryophytes. Monosaccharide-linkage analysis of Sphagnum leaf cell walls suggests they contain polysaccharides similar to those of higher plants. The most abundant linkage was 4-Glc, typical of cellulose, but there was also evidence for xyloglucans, 4-linked mannans, 4-linked xylans and rhamnogalacturonan-type polysaccharides.
Leaf fragments from Late Paleocene sediments at Cambalong Creek in the Southern Highlands of New ... more Leaf fragments from Late Paleocene sediments at Cambalong Creek in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales are assigned to a new species ofBanksieaephyllum Cookson & Duigan,B. praefastigatum. A study of leaf form andmicromorphological characters of extant Banksieae was carried out to identify possible affinities for the new taxon, and a compendium of the architecturaland micromorphological characters of leaves of all described species ofBanksieaephyllum andBanksieaeformis Hill & Christophel is presented.Banksieaephyllum praefastigatum has characteristicstomatal and trichome features of both extinct and extant species ofBanksiinae, but is dissimilar in leaf morphology to any extant species ofBanksia L.f., Dryandra R.Br., orthe oldest previously described species ofBanksieaephyllum, B. tayloriiCarpenter, Hill & Jordan, with which it was contemporaneous.Banksieaephyllum praefastigatum, with its stronglydeveloped areolation and superficial stomates, is different from extantspecies of Banksiinae and Musgraveinae, and may represent a now-extinct sistertaxon to these subtribes in Banksieae, one which had not changed substantiallyfrom hypothesised mesophytic ancestral Proteaceae. Leaf morphology ofB. praefastigatum indicates that serrate-, lobed-andentire-margined forms of Banksieaephyllum were coeval in many localities throughout southern Australia during the Tertiary, and that Banksiinae had diversified significantly by the Early Tertiary, reflecting diversification of at least several other subtribes of subfamily Grevilleoideae by that time.
Grevillea infecunda D.J.McGillivray is a narrow endemic that reproduces vegetatively via root suc... more Grevillea infecunda D.J.McGillivray is a narrow endemic that reproduces vegetatively via root suckering. The reproductive biology of five Grevillea infecunda populations was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Stigma maturation follows normal Grevillea development. However, a large number of pollen grains with aberrant forms were documented. A fluorochromatic reaction (FCR) test revealed 0.04% pollen viability. All pollen samples collected from two populations were completely sterile. All viable grains were >100 �m in diameter and included aberrant forms. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique was used to investigate genotypic diversity in G. infecunda. Three primer pairs revealed sufficient variation in 109 loci to assign a unique phenotype to every individual (N = 40) sampled. This suggests that the populations were established from founder seedlings. The species has apparently lost the ability to reproduce sexually but genotypic ...
Phylogenetic relationships of sections and species within Corymbia (Myrtaceae), the bloodwood euc... more Phylogenetic relationships of sections and species within Corymbia (Myrtaceae), the bloodwood eucalypts, were evaluated by using combined analyses of nuclear rDNA (ETS + ITS) and morphological characters. Combining morphological characters with molecular data provided resolution of relationships within Corymbia. The analyses supported the monophyly of the genus and recognition of the following two major clades, treated here as new subgenera: subgenus Corymbia, including informal sections recognised by Hill and Johnson (1995), namely Rufaria (red bloodwoods), Apteria and Fundoria; and subgenus Blakella, including sections Politaria (spotted gums), Cadagaria, Blakearia (paper-fruited bloodwoods or ghost gums) and Ochraria (yellow bloodwoods). Hill and Johnson's section Rufaria is monophyletic if Apteria and Fundoria are included. It is evident that, among the red bloodwoods, series are not monophyletic and several morphological characters result from convergent evolution. There wa...
Abstract An Early Cretaceous (Aptian or earliest Albian) impression flora is described from the u... more Abstract An Early Cretaceous (Aptian or earliest Albian) impression flora is described from the upper part of the Maryborough Formation in the Maryborough Basin, southern Queensland. The flora is preserved in marine sediments hosting an abundant invertebrate fauna dominated by bivalve molluscs. The flora incorporates single species attributable to the Polypodiophyta, Pentoxylales and Bennettitales. Two cuneate leaves have affinities either with the Ginkgoales or seed-ferns. Four species of conifer foliage are represented ...
In theEudesmieae B eucalypts and inEucalyptus caesia, the perianth of the mature flower consists ... more In theEudesmieae B eucalypts and inEucalyptus caesia, the perianth of the mature flower consists of a single, anatomically continuous, opercular structure that is crowned by the tips of the original free and separate calycine and corolline whorls. Ontogenetic and comparative evidence supports the hypothesis that this operculum is mostly corolline in composition, and that the calycine parts have been elevated
Permineralized sporangia from Late Permian sediments of the Amery Group in the Prince Charles Mou... more Permineralized sporangia from Late Permian sediments of the Amery Group in the Prince Charles Mountains, East Antarctica, are assigned to Arberiella sp. cf. A. africana Pant and Nautiyal. These sporangia contain between 2000 and 3000 taeniate, saccate pollen grains that are predominantly haploxylonoid bisaccate and referable to the palynotaxon Protohaploxypinus limpidus (Balme and Hennelly) Balme and Playford. However, the sporangia also contain greater than 4% of diploxylonoid bisaccate forms comparable to ...
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, Jun 1, 2005
NAGALINGUM, NATHALIE S., DRINNAN, ANDREW N. & MCLOUGHLIN, STEPHEN 2005: 07: 0... more NAGALINGUM, NATHALIE S., DRINNAN, ANDREW N. & MCLOUGHLIN, STEPHEN 2005: 07: 01. A new fossil conifer, Bellarinea richardsii, from the Early Cretaceous Strzelecki Group, southeastern Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 117 (1): 1-12. ISSN 0035-9211. A new species of fossil conifer foliage, Bellarinea richardsii, is described and illustrated from Neocomian (Early Cretaceous) sediments of the Tyers River Subgroup in south-eastern Victoria. The specimens consist of intact seasonal shoots and isolated ...
The Flagstone Bench Formation ranges in age from earliest Triassic to Norian (Late Triassic) and ... more The Flagstone Bench Formation ranges in age from earliest Triassic to Norian (Late Triassic) and is exposed in the Beaver Lake area of the northern Prince Charles Mountains. This sandstone-dominated formation rests conformably on the Bainmedart Coal Measures and represents the upper part of the Permian–Triassic Amery Group. It is divisible into three members: the Ritchie, Jetty and McKelvey members (in ascending order). Nine sedimentary facies assignable to three facies associations (major channel, crevasse/fan and flood-basin deposits) are recognized within the formation. Ritchie Member sedimentation took place during a transition from consistently hygric to seasonally dry conditions and the unit comprises sandstone-dominated, sheet-like channel deposits interspersed with few, thin, mottled, haematite-rich flood-basin siltstones. Deposition took place under fluctuating discharge conditions chiefly within the channel tracts of axially (northwesterly/northeasterly) flowing, low-sinuosity braided rivers. The Jetty Member shows a gross upward-fining profile dominated in the lower part by poorly sorted pebbly sandstones and in the upper part by ferruginous mudcracked siltstones, mottled palaeosols, calcrete and thin massive sandstone sheets. This unit reflects deposition of easterly directed alluvial fans and extensive flood-basin silt under a semi-arid climatic regime. The Upper Triassic sandstone-dominated McKelvey Member shows a return to axial drainage along the Lambert Graben with sedimentation occurring primarily within low-sinuosity braided channel tracts under wetter climatic conditions.
Plant remains from the Early Cretaceous of Victoria are described. These are leaves referred to T... more Plant remains from the Early Cretaceous of Victoria are described. These are leaves referred to Taeniopteris daintreei, female fructifications referred to Carnoconites cranwellii and microsporangiate structures herein described as Sahnia laxiphora sp. nov. These are considered to belong to the extinct group, the Pentoxylales, originally described from localities variously dated as Jurassic or Early Cretaceous in the Rajmahal Hills of India. It is suggested that the Pentoxylales, long regarded as an obscure group, are in fact a major and important part of the mid Mesozoic Gondwana flora in Victoria.
The Bainmedart Coal Measures constitute the middle portion of the Permian–Triassic Amery Group, w... more The Bainmedart Coal Measures constitute the middle portion of the Permian–Triassic Amery Group, which represents the only substantial Palaeozoic–Mesozoic sedimentary succession exposed in eastern Antarctica outside the Transantarctic Mountains. The coal measures disconformably or unconformably overlie alluvial fan deposits of the Radok Conglomerate and are conformably overlain by the dominantly fluviatile Flagstone Bench Formation. The coal measures were deposited within alluvial settings dominated by north to northeasterly flowing, low-sinuosity rivers chiefly confined to broad, fault-bounded, valleys of the Lambert Graben, a major late Palaeozoic to early Mesozoic failed rift system. Both climatic and local tectonic factors are considered to have been the major influences on the pattern of coal measure sedimentation. Recent mapping has identified a much greater thickness of sediments within the coal measures than had been inferred previously. The Bainmedart Coal Measures are formally subdivided into six members. In ascending stratigraphic order these are: Dart Fields Conglomerate Member (<3 m thick), Toploje Member (c. 300 m thick), Dragons Teeth Member (15–25 m thick), Glossopteris Gully Member (c. 670 m thick), Grainger Member (c. 350 m thick) and McKinnon Member (c. 530 m thick).
Aim Fossil pollen preserved within small salt lake basins in the Australian interior is used to r... more Aim Fossil pollen preserved within small salt lake basins in the Australian interior is used to reconstruct mid-to late Holocene vegetation. The study aims to identify the origin of problems such as woodland decline and salinization within present ecosystems. ... Location Warrananga and ...
Spiral secondary walls are found in hyaline cells of Sphagnum, in the elaters of most liverworts,... more Spiral secondary walls are found in hyaline cells of Sphagnum, in the elaters of most liverworts, and in elaters of the hornwort Megaceros. Recent studies on these cells suggest that cytoskeletal and ultrastructural processes involved in cell differentiation and secondary wall formation are similar in bryophytes and vascular plant tracheary elements. To examine differences in wall structure, primary and secondary wall constituents of the hyaline cells of Sphagnum novo-zelandicum and elaters of the liverwort Radula buccinifera and the hornwort Megaceros gracilis were analyzed by immunohistochemical and chemical methods. Anti-arabinogalactan-protein antibodies, JIM8 and JIM13, labeled the central fibrillar secondary wall layer of Megaceros elaters and the walls of Sphagnum leaf cells, but did not label the walls of Radula elaters. The CCRC-M7 antibody, which detects an arabinosylated (1-->6)-linked beta-galactan epitope, exclusively labeled hyaline cells in Sphagnum leaves and the secondary walls of Radula elaters. Anti-pectin antibodies, LM5 and JIM5, labeled the primary wall in Megaceros elaters. LM5 also labeled the central layer of the secondary wall but only during formation. In Radula elaters, JIM5 and another anti-pectin antibody, JIM7, labeled the primary wall. The distribution of arabinogalactan-proteins and pectic polysaccharides restricted to specific wall types and stages of development provides evidence for the developmental and functional regulation of cell wall composition in bryophytes. Monosaccharide-linkage analysis of Sphagnum leaf cell walls suggests they contain polysaccharides similar to those of higher plants. The most abundant linkage was 4-Glc, typical of cellulose, but there was also evidence for xyloglucans, 4-linked mannans, 4-linked xylans and rhamnogalacturonan-type polysaccharides.
Leaf fragments from Late Paleocene sediments at Cambalong Creek in the Southern Highlands of New ... more Leaf fragments from Late Paleocene sediments at Cambalong Creek in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales are assigned to a new species ofBanksieaephyllum Cookson & Duigan,B. praefastigatum. A study of leaf form andmicromorphological characters of extant Banksieae was carried out to identify possible affinities for the new taxon, and a compendium of the architecturaland micromorphological characters of leaves of all described species ofBanksieaephyllum andBanksieaeformis Hill & Christophel is presented.Banksieaephyllum praefastigatum has characteristicstomatal and trichome features of both extinct and extant species ofBanksiinae, but is dissimilar in leaf morphology to any extant species ofBanksia L.f., Dryandra R.Br., orthe oldest previously described species ofBanksieaephyllum, B. tayloriiCarpenter, Hill & Jordan, with which it was contemporaneous.Banksieaephyllum praefastigatum, with its stronglydeveloped areolation and superficial stomates, is different from extantspecies of Banksiinae and Musgraveinae, and may represent a now-extinct sistertaxon to these subtribes in Banksieae, one which had not changed substantiallyfrom hypothesised mesophytic ancestral Proteaceae. Leaf morphology ofB. praefastigatum indicates that serrate-, lobed-andentire-margined forms of Banksieaephyllum were coeval in many localities throughout southern Australia during the Tertiary, and that Banksiinae had diversified significantly by the Early Tertiary, reflecting diversification of at least several other subtribes of subfamily Grevilleoideae by that time.
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