Metabolic responses to Fe deficiency in soybean roots: are there different Strategy I mechanisms?... more Metabolic responses to Fe deficiency in soybean roots: are there different Strategy I mechanisms?/G. Zocchi, P. De Nisi, M. Dell'Orto, L. Espen, P. Marino Gallina.-In: Plant nutrition for food security, human health and environmental protection./CJ Li et al..-[sl]: ...
Agriculture is facing an emerging request of food to satisfy the needs of an increasing world pop... more Agriculture is facing an emerging request of food to satisfy the needs of an increasing world population. Moreover, the increasing frequency of dry periods in many world regions, together with the problems associated with soil salinity and phytopatogen attacks, result in a reduction of crop productivity. A low impact strategy to improve crop productivity without extending agriculture surfaces and using agro-chemicals, is the association of plants with Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) able to stimulate plant growth and to reduce plant disease incidence. Here we show that PGPB isolated from the phytosphere in arid ecosystems can couteract water sress in plants in vivo. PGPB were isolated from olive tree, grapevine and pepper plants from arid and semi-arid regions of the Mediterranean basin. Testing in vitro the isolates for their plant growth promotion (PGP) activities under different stress conditions allowed to identify polyvalent isolates, i.e. those capable of expressing mul...
Vitamin K-like compounds are widely diffused in plants, but their role and function are still par... more Vitamin K-like compounds are widely diffused in plants, but their role and function are still partially unknown. Vitamin K1, phylloquinone, is largely present in thylacoid membranes as an electron carrier inside the PSI redox chain. More recently, it has been found that Vitamins K1 and K3 may also affect the plasmalemma-bound H + -ATPase and some redox proteins including b-type cytochromes. The antioxidant role of Vitamin K is also discussed.
The contribution of antioxidant defence systems in different tolerance to direct and bicarbonate-... more The contribution of antioxidant defence systems in different tolerance to direct and bicarbonate-induced Fe deficiency was evaluated in two pea cultivars (Kelvedon, tolerant and Lincoln, susceptible). Fe deficiency enhanced lipid peroxidation and H2 O2 concentration in roots of both cultivars, particularly in the sensitive one grown under bicarbonate supply. The results obtained on antioxidant activities (SOD, CAT, POD) suggest that H2 O2 accumulation could be due to an overproduction of this ROS and, at the same time, to a poor capacity to detoxify it. Moreover, under bicarbonate supply the activity of POD isoforms was reduced only in the sensitive cultivar, while in the tolerant one a new isoform was detected, suggesting that POD activity might be an important contributor to pea tolerance to Fe deficiency. The presence of bicarbonate also resulted in stimulation of GR, MDHAR and DHAR activities, part of the ASC-GSH pathway, which was higher in the tolerant cultivar than in the sensitive one. Overall, while in the absence of Fe only slight differences were reported between the two cultivars, the adaptation of Kelvedon to the presence of bicarbonate seems to be related to its greater ability to enhance the antioxidant response at the root level.
Metabolic responses to Fe deficiency in soybean roots: are there different Strategy I mechanisms?... more Metabolic responses to Fe deficiency in soybean roots: are there different Strategy I mechanisms?/G. Zocchi, P. De Nisi, M. Dell'Orto, L. Espen, P. Marino Gallina.-In: Plant nutrition for food security, human health and environmental protection./CJ Li et al..-[sl]: ...
Agriculture is facing an emerging request of food to satisfy the needs of an increasing world pop... more Agriculture is facing an emerging request of food to satisfy the needs of an increasing world population. Moreover, the increasing frequency of dry periods in many world regions, together with the problems associated with soil salinity and phytopatogen attacks, result in a reduction of crop productivity. A low impact strategy to improve crop productivity without extending agriculture surfaces and using agro-chemicals, is the association of plants with Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) able to stimulate plant growth and to reduce plant disease incidence. Here we show that PGPB isolated from the phytosphere in arid ecosystems can couteract water sress in plants in vivo. PGPB were isolated from olive tree, grapevine and pepper plants from arid and semi-arid regions of the Mediterranean basin. Testing in vitro the isolates for their plant growth promotion (PGP) activities under different stress conditions allowed to identify polyvalent isolates, i.e. those capable of expressing mul...
Vitamin K-like compounds are widely diffused in plants, but their role and function are still par... more Vitamin K-like compounds are widely diffused in plants, but their role and function are still partially unknown. Vitamin K1, phylloquinone, is largely present in thylacoid membranes as an electron carrier inside the PSI redox chain. More recently, it has been found that Vitamins K1 and K3 may also affect the plasmalemma-bound H + -ATPase and some redox proteins including b-type cytochromes. The antioxidant role of Vitamin K is also discussed.
The contribution of antioxidant defence systems in different tolerance to direct and bicarbonate-... more The contribution of antioxidant defence systems in different tolerance to direct and bicarbonate-induced Fe deficiency was evaluated in two pea cultivars (Kelvedon, tolerant and Lincoln, susceptible). Fe deficiency enhanced lipid peroxidation and H2 O2 concentration in roots of both cultivars, particularly in the sensitive one grown under bicarbonate supply. The results obtained on antioxidant activities (SOD, CAT, POD) suggest that H2 O2 accumulation could be due to an overproduction of this ROS and, at the same time, to a poor capacity to detoxify it. Moreover, under bicarbonate supply the activity of POD isoforms was reduced only in the sensitive cultivar, while in the tolerant one a new isoform was detected, suggesting that POD activity might be an important contributor to pea tolerance to Fe deficiency. The presence of bicarbonate also resulted in stimulation of GR, MDHAR and DHAR activities, part of the ASC-GSH pathway, which was higher in the tolerant cultivar than in the sensitive one. Overall, while in the absence of Fe only slight differences were reported between the two cultivars, the adaptation of Kelvedon to the presence of bicarbonate seems to be related to its greater ability to enhance the antioxidant response at the root level.
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