Chiara Moretti
Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Scienze Umane per la Formazione "R. Massa", Research Follow
University of Perugia, Italy, Dipartimento di Filosofia, Scienze Sociali, Umane e della Formazione. Sezione antropologica, PhD
Università di Bologna, Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale (DIMES), Adjunct Professor
Medical anthropologist, research fellow at the University of Milan Bicocca and Adjunct Professor of Cultural Anthropology at the University of Brescia. After graduating in Cultural Anthropology and Ethnology at the University of Bologna, I obtained a PhD at the University of Strasbourg, in international co-tutorship with the University of Perugia. From 2010 to 2019 I have conducted a long-term anthropological research, both in Italy and France, focused on the medicalization and feminization processes in chronic pain and fibromyalgia syndrome. During my latest ethnographic researches I focussed on physicians and health professionals education/training and on the illness’ experience in Long-Covid syndrome, gender bias and biomedicine. From 2020 to the present, I have been teaching medical anthropology at the Faculties of Medicine of the Universities of Bologna, Brescia, Parma and Roma Tor Vergata.
As research fellow at the University of Milano Bicocca I am currently doing research within the CliBor Project (The Climate of Borders: Lessons from Borderlands on the Environmental Crisis) focused on the relationship between climate changes, migration and border control policies, and how this affects on the embodied experience and population health.
Main research interests are: history of medical knowledge; pain and suffering from a medical anthropology perspective; health impacts of climate change; gender, culture and health; anthropology in healthcare settings; access to healthcare services and health promotion.
As research fellow at the University of Milano Bicocca I am currently doing research within the CliBor Project (The Climate of Borders: Lessons from Borderlands on the Environmental Crisis) focused on the relationship between climate changes, migration and border control policies, and how this affects on the embodied experience and population health.
Main research interests are: history of medical knowledge; pain and suffering from a medical anthropology perspective; health impacts of climate change; gender, culture and health; anthropology in healthcare settings; access to healthcare services and health promotion.
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Papers by Chiara Moretti
scrutinize the resulting gendered consequences of these categories for the illness experience. We conclude our review by calling for a cultural reorientation in our thinking about MUS that centers a recognition that the origins and manifestations of a great deal of human suffering reside outside of medicine’s ways of knowing. In so doing, we connect to foundational claims in medical anthropology and sociology; namely, that illness is more than disease, and health cannot be achieved primarily via biomedical means.
una forte gerarchia interprofessionale e strutturati dal punto di vista dei ruoli e dei mandati. Proponiamo quindi una prima riflessione, che ci auspichiamo possa essere ulteriormente alimentata nel futuro, nel tentativo di rispondere alla seguente domanda: cosa produciamo e costruiamo quando nei nostri campi operativi e di ricerca rivendichiamo l’“essere antropologhe/i”?
this article I will focus on a peculiar form of pain, that of chronic pain related to physical pathology. By analyzing the ethnographic interviews with people suffering from chronic pain carried out during my fieldwork, I will show how the «engaging» side of pain can emerge: firstly, from the patients’ non-compliance to the biomedical directives concerning the therapeutic pathways to follow; follow; consequently, from «self-medication», conceived and managed in the light of new individual projects.
di una medicina critica e autori!essiva, capace di considerare i processi di salute/
malattia nei termini di fenomeni biologici e storico-sociali complessi e di riposizionare,
conseguentemente, la persona al centro dei processi di cura. L’articolo è stato
pensato e scritto per lettori e lettrici che non hanno necessariamente una formazione
in ambito antropologico con lo scopo di offrire alcuni spunti di ri!essione, promuovere
un dibattito anche al di fuori degli steccati disciplinari o dei con"ni accademici e
rafforzare il confronto e lo scambio con i/le professionisti della salute
Research Design and Methods: Qualitative methodology with semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited on the Facebook patient group between October 2021 and January 2022. Participants had been experiencing symptoms for at least three months following confirmed COVID-19 infection. Interviews were conducted by video call, recorded and transcribed with consent. The thematic analysis method has been chosen to infer data from textual material.
Results: 17 interviews with women with Long-COVID have been analysed. The main themes include: a total change of life due to the symptomatology, loss of autonomy that affects social, family and professional life; social isolation, a sense of abandonment often increased by stigma, the difficulty of being believed and achieving diagnosis; difficulty in managing symptoms and accessing to care services; living with uncertainty caused by the lack of institutional, social, professional, familial and medical support.
Conclusions: Intervention programs, both institutional and social-health policies should be developed for patients with Long-COVID. The impact of symptoms could be reduced by developing standards and protocols, and by ensuring access to care and to multidisciplinary rehabilitation. Further development of knowledge on Long-COVID is essential.
brièvement des explications médicales du syndrome, puis je m’intéresserai à l’expérience vécue en cherchant à faire
ressortir, à partir de définitions spécifiques de la maladie, les autres significations que prend cette dernière. En effet, elles
sont centrales dans les dynamiques de renégociation entre la personne souffrante et le contexte, or ces dynamiques sont
assorties d’un pouvoir bénéfique car elles entraînent des processus d’auto-guérison. Suite à l’apparition de la maladie le
corps du patient fibromyalgique se transforme complètement : tout d’abord anormal et étranger au patient lui-même, il
devient ensuite le moyen de se réapproprier une subjectivité et de se repositionner dans le contexte, parmi les autres corps,
à travers des modalités individuelles, souvent subversives, mais surtout curatives car elles entraînent une amélioration de
l’état général et psycho-physique de la personne malade.
worldwide and in Europe alone it has been diagnosed to 14 million people. The syndrome
is characterized by a complex symptomatology, which seems to be completely
independent from clear and determinant etiopathogenetic processes. For that reason
the patient who suffers from fibromyalgia is first of all affected by a “contested illness”,
a disease that is not legitimized and only partly recognized by the transnational biomedical knowledge. The analysis of the medical literature reveals numerous attempts
to explain the syndrome; however, what unites these different interpretations is the
hypothesis that frames fibromyalgia as a “naturally” female disease. The aim of this contribution will be to start from this hypothesis in order to deploy, on one hand, the reasons that have rendered it the most accepted to this day and, on the other hand, its direct consequences. In particular the analysis will be focussed on those discourses which permit to legitimise forms of essentially female discomfort by translating them into terms of psychosomatic disorders.
Médecins, psychanalystes, sociologues, philosophes et anthropologues se sont attachés ici à explorer la dimension historique et sociale de la souffrance dans toute sa complexité (de la douleur imposée par les circonstances – torture, maladies, douleurs chroniques – à la douleur choisie – sport, body art, modifications corporelles, pratiques SM etc.). La perspective est résolument ouverte et novatrice.
Numéro édité par David Le Breton et Chiara Moretti
Sections et auteurs:
La douleur : persistance d'un défi pour la médecine
William RAFFAELI
André MULLER & Eric SALVAT
Souffrance dans la construction des identités de "genre"
Alexandre FLEMING CÂMARA VALE
Meriem SELLAMI
Dénaturaliser la souffrance
Donatella COZZI
Chiara MORETTI
Michaël CORDEY & Ilario ROSSI
David LE BRETON
La souffrance des autres
Marie-Jo THIEL
Patrick TÉNOUDJI
Valentine GOURINAT & Solange EHRLER
Individus à l'épreuve
Stéphane HÉAS & Omar ZANNA
Philippe LIOTARD
Paolo DELFINO
Pascal LARDELLIER
Traduire la douleur
Georges KLEIBER
Roland RECHT
scrutinize the resulting gendered consequences of these categories for the illness experience. We conclude our review by calling for a cultural reorientation in our thinking about MUS that centers a recognition that the origins and manifestations of a great deal of human suffering reside outside of medicine’s ways of knowing. In so doing, we connect to foundational claims in medical anthropology and sociology; namely, that illness is more than disease, and health cannot be achieved primarily via biomedical means.
una forte gerarchia interprofessionale e strutturati dal punto di vista dei ruoli e dei mandati. Proponiamo quindi una prima riflessione, che ci auspichiamo possa essere ulteriormente alimentata nel futuro, nel tentativo di rispondere alla seguente domanda: cosa produciamo e costruiamo quando nei nostri campi operativi e di ricerca rivendichiamo l’“essere antropologhe/i”?
this article I will focus on a peculiar form of pain, that of chronic pain related to physical pathology. By analyzing the ethnographic interviews with people suffering from chronic pain carried out during my fieldwork, I will show how the «engaging» side of pain can emerge: firstly, from the patients’ non-compliance to the biomedical directives concerning the therapeutic pathways to follow; follow; consequently, from «self-medication», conceived and managed in the light of new individual projects.
di una medicina critica e autori!essiva, capace di considerare i processi di salute/
malattia nei termini di fenomeni biologici e storico-sociali complessi e di riposizionare,
conseguentemente, la persona al centro dei processi di cura. L’articolo è stato
pensato e scritto per lettori e lettrici che non hanno necessariamente una formazione
in ambito antropologico con lo scopo di offrire alcuni spunti di ri!essione, promuovere
un dibattito anche al di fuori degli steccati disciplinari o dei con"ni accademici e
rafforzare il confronto e lo scambio con i/le professionisti della salute
Research Design and Methods: Qualitative methodology with semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited on the Facebook patient group between October 2021 and January 2022. Participants had been experiencing symptoms for at least three months following confirmed COVID-19 infection. Interviews were conducted by video call, recorded and transcribed with consent. The thematic analysis method has been chosen to infer data from textual material.
Results: 17 interviews with women with Long-COVID have been analysed. The main themes include: a total change of life due to the symptomatology, loss of autonomy that affects social, family and professional life; social isolation, a sense of abandonment often increased by stigma, the difficulty of being believed and achieving diagnosis; difficulty in managing symptoms and accessing to care services; living with uncertainty caused by the lack of institutional, social, professional, familial and medical support.
Conclusions: Intervention programs, both institutional and social-health policies should be developed for patients with Long-COVID. The impact of symptoms could be reduced by developing standards and protocols, and by ensuring access to care and to multidisciplinary rehabilitation. Further development of knowledge on Long-COVID is essential.
brièvement des explications médicales du syndrome, puis je m’intéresserai à l’expérience vécue en cherchant à faire
ressortir, à partir de définitions spécifiques de la maladie, les autres significations que prend cette dernière. En effet, elles
sont centrales dans les dynamiques de renégociation entre la personne souffrante et le contexte, or ces dynamiques sont
assorties d’un pouvoir bénéfique car elles entraînent des processus d’auto-guérison. Suite à l’apparition de la maladie le
corps du patient fibromyalgique se transforme complètement : tout d’abord anormal et étranger au patient lui-même, il
devient ensuite le moyen de se réapproprier une subjectivité et de se repositionner dans le contexte, parmi les autres corps,
à travers des modalités individuelles, souvent subversives, mais surtout curatives car elles entraînent une amélioration de
l’état général et psycho-physique de la personne malade.
worldwide and in Europe alone it has been diagnosed to 14 million people. The syndrome
is characterized by a complex symptomatology, which seems to be completely
independent from clear and determinant etiopathogenetic processes. For that reason
the patient who suffers from fibromyalgia is first of all affected by a “contested illness”,
a disease that is not legitimized and only partly recognized by the transnational biomedical knowledge. The analysis of the medical literature reveals numerous attempts
to explain the syndrome; however, what unites these different interpretations is the
hypothesis that frames fibromyalgia as a “naturally” female disease. The aim of this contribution will be to start from this hypothesis in order to deploy, on one hand, the reasons that have rendered it the most accepted to this day and, on the other hand, its direct consequences. In particular the analysis will be focussed on those discourses which permit to legitimise forms of essentially female discomfort by translating them into terms of psychosomatic disorders.
Médecins, psychanalystes, sociologues, philosophes et anthropologues se sont attachés ici à explorer la dimension historique et sociale de la souffrance dans toute sa complexité (de la douleur imposée par les circonstances – torture, maladies, douleurs chroniques – à la douleur choisie – sport, body art, modifications corporelles, pratiques SM etc.). La perspective est résolument ouverte et novatrice.
Numéro édité par David Le Breton et Chiara Moretti
Sections et auteurs:
La douleur : persistance d'un défi pour la médecine
William RAFFAELI
André MULLER & Eric SALVAT
Souffrance dans la construction des identités de "genre"
Alexandre FLEMING CÂMARA VALE
Meriem SELLAMI
Dénaturaliser la souffrance
Donatella COZZI
Chiara MORETTI
Michaël CORDEY & Ilario ROSSI
David LE BRETON
La souffrance des autres
Marie-Jo THIEL
Patrick TÉNOUDJI
Valentine GOURINAT & Solange EHRLER
Individus à l'épreuve
Stéphane HÉAS & Omar ZANNA
Philippe LIOTARD
Paolo DELFINO
Pascal LARDELLIER
Traduire la douleur
Georges KLEIBER
Roland RECHT
Instat-book scaricabile gratuitamente:
Kobo:
https://www.kobo.com/br/pt/ebook/il-senso-della-colpa-1
Amazon:
https://www.amazon.it/senso-della-colpa-tempi…/…/ref=sr_1_1…
o dal sito di nottetempo:
https://www.edizioninottetempo.it/…/pr…/il-senso-della-colpa
From a medical anthropological prospective in this contribution I will focus on a specific form of daily pain, related to one peculiar syndrome: the fibromyalgia. By analysing some elements that came out from my recent ethnographic research, my intention will be to underline the
interpersonal, communicative and political dimension of suffering namely the fact that if pain can, on the one hand, decrease the “ability to act”, on the other, it could be itself endowed with a peculiar form of agency. Indeed, pain could not only be passively experienced; contrarily it can be transformed itself into a cultural practice, an “activity” that allows the suffering person to renegotiate the relationship with the surrounding context, by experiencing new forms of “presence”
fraintendimenti comportando, sovente, anche un ridimensionamento della portata epistemologica dell’antropologia medica, inquadrata così nella sua capacità di offrire visioni approssimative, inessenziali e tuttora culturaliste piuttosto che articolate, costitutive e critiche. Analizzando una specifica sindrome dolorosa, la fibromialgia, nel mio intervento esaminerò alcuni concetti che inquadrano oggi il dolore cronico;
lo scopo sarà quello di mostrare come l’approccio clinico proposto come “olistico” e/o “integrato”, se da un lato apre la strada alla multidisciplinarietà, dall’altro riposiziona la biomedicina nei termini di un sapere analitico esclusivo riguardo ai processi connessi alla sofferenza. Questo ultimo punto sarà infine approfondito attraverso l’analisi di una personale esperienza di ricerca all’interno di un’equipe multidisciplinare di studio sulla sindrome fibromialgica.
«caduco»: oltre l’antropologia medica", Roberto Poma "Inaspettato-ora-
attuale dolore", Chiara Moretti "Il dolore tra esperienze, lotte e ricostruzioni"