In this chapter it is presented the translation of the opera “Lettere di Evasio a Uranio toccanti... more In this chapter it is presented the translation of the opera “Lettere di Evasio a Uranio toccanti lo studio delle matematiche” by Gabrio Piola. It was published by Eredi Soliani Tipografi Reali in Modena in the year 1825.
In this section, we present the results of an historical archive research. It has been finalized ... more In this section, we present the results of an historical archive research. It has been finalized to list, as far as possible, the main Quesiti’s foreign editions published in the history of science. We also list some uncertain dates and alleged editions cited in the history of science archives. In some cases we do not yet have historical proofs of some quotations. Our apologies for any relevant items that may be missing.
This chapter concerns the study of motion at the end of the XVII century, the period in which mec... more This chapter concerns the study of motion at the end of the XVII century, the period in which mechanical science reached the maturity, even if not yet completeness. The first part of the chapter deals with the evolution of the concept of force near the pre-Newtonian scientists like John Wallis and Christiaan Huygens. The presentation of Isaac Newton’s dynamics follows, with the attention focused on its fundamentals. The main references are to the Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica of 1687, but some manuscripts are referenced also. Particular attention is devoted to the concept of impressed force; also presented is a brief review of the logical status of Newtonian mechanics. The final part of the chapter deals with the contribution by Leibniz, with a brief exposition of his natural philosophy, in particular the concept of living and dead forces. Finally the works of maturity are discussed with some details.
The constituting phase of the Kingdom of Italy was a time of recovery of mathematical studies. Th... more The constituting phase of the Kingdom of Italy was a time of recovery of mathematical studies. The political unity facilitated the inclusion of Italian mathematicians in the context of European research, in particular the German one. The internationalization of Italian mathematics is customarily associated with a trip taken in 1858 by some young mathematicians including Francesco Brioschi, Enrico Betti and Felice Casorati in Europe. In a few years we assist in the development of some schools that will maintain their role even in the 20th century. Among them, those promoted by Enrico Betti and Eugenio Beltrami were undoubtedly the most important. In this chapter we present briefly the contribution of two of the leading pioneers and their students.
ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium, Sep 17, 1995
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>This article illustrates the nonlinea... more <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>This article illustrates the nonlinear response of a hysteretic two degree of freedom system. The constitutive laws which define the force-displacement relation are based on a hysteretic model with Masing rules linked to a suitable nonlinear elastic model. Attention is focused on the periodic response, though an insight is also given to the non-periodic response. The method of analysis used is the harmonic balance with many components. Frequency-response curves are evaluated for different system characteristics. Ratios of small amplitude vibration frequency 3 and 2 are considered, with different hysteresis degree. Notwithstanding the dissipation due to hysteresis usually destroys most of the phenomena evidenced by the classical nonlinear oscillators, in the present analysis a rich behavior is found: IT symmetric and non symmetric, 2T periodic responses are found and so on.</jats:p>
La scienza delle costruzioni nasce come disciplina universitaria negli anni ’70 dell’Ottocento, q... more La scienza delle costruzioni nasce come disciplina universitaria negli anni ’70 dell’Ottocento, quando i corsi di meccanica delle costruzioni, nell’ambito di un riordino degli studi, prendono appunto il nome di scienza delle costruzioni. La teoria del calcolo strutturale era in larga parte già abbastanza sviluppata. La diffusione delle costruzioni in acciaio rendeva però necessaria per il loro dimensionamento la preparazione di una classe di tecnici che possedesse in modo diffuso le conoscenze sviluppate essenzialmente dalle scuole francese e tedesca. Il terreno era comunque fertile perché nella seconda metà dell’Ottocento in Italia c’era una forte scuola di teoria dell’elasticità, seppure con un approccio di tipo fisico matematico piuttosto che ingegneristico. In questo lavoro si vuole presentare una ricostruzione dello sviluppo della scienza delle costruzioni come disciplina universitaria, a partire dall’Unità d’Italia sino ai primi anni del secondo dopoguerra. L’attenzione è posta sugli aspetti didattici con un commento dei manuali in uso nelle principali scuole di ingegneria d’Italia
Volume 3C: 15th Biennial Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise — Vibration Control, Analysis, and Identification, 1995
In the field of civil engineering the availability of experimental data is often limited, so that... more In the field of civil engineering the availability of experimental data is often limited, so that it is imperative the use of all the available a priori information on the behavior of the structure. In this work a procedure is presented for the identification of a finite element model of a linear or nonlinear structures, which allows to meet this requirement. The procedure is framed within the output error techniques, which, while requiring more complex algorithm, can be easily extended from linear to nonlinear structures. The whole solution strategy is maintained with the single difference of the observed quantities: they are modal quantities in the linear case, while the time histories of the response is used in the nonlinear case. Two sample problems are presented. The identifiability aspects, the amplification of errors in the identification procedure and the optimal selection of parameters and measurements are discussed.
Mechanics is the science of the equilibrium and motion of bodies subject to forces. The adjective... more Mechanics is the science of the equilibrium and motion of bodies subject to forces. The adjective classical, hence Classical Mechanics, was added in the 20th century to distinguish it from relativistic mechanics which studies motion with speed close to light speed and quantum mechanics which studies motion at a subatomic level.
The principle of action and reaction is generally considered the least problematic and interestin... more The principle of action and reaction is generally considered the least problematic and interesting of Newton’s three laws of dynamics—least problematic because it seems self-evident, and least interesting because Newton’s mechanics of Principia essentially represents the dynamics of a mass point, while the principle of action and reaction is mainly important in the case of a set of bodies that interact with each other. However, reading Newton’s text is enough for the principle to appear equally problematic and interesting as the other two. This entry aims to justify this statement and to help clarify the meaning of the principle.
In this chapter it is presented the translation of the opera “Lettere di Evasio a Uranio toccanti... more In this chapter it is presented the translation of the opera “Lettere di Evasio a Uranio toccanti lo studio delle matematiche” by Gabrio Piola. It was published by Eredi Soliani Tipografi Reali in Modena in the year 1825.
In this section, we present the results of an historical archive research. It has been finalized ... more In this section, we present the results of an historical archive research. It has been finalized to list, as far as possible, the main Quesiti’s foreign editions published in the history of science. We also list some uncertain dates and alleged editions cited in the history of science archives. In some cases we do not yet have historical proofs of some quotations. Our apologies for any relevant items that may be missing.
This chapter concerns the study of motion at the end of the XVII century, the period in which mec... more This chapter concerns the study of motion at the end of the XVII century, the period in which mechanical science reached the maturity, even if not yet completeness. The first part of the chapter deals with the evolution of the concept of force near the pre-Newtonian scientists like John Wallis and Christiaan Huygens. The presentation of Isaac Newton’s dynamics follows, with the attention focused on its fundamentals. The main references are to the Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica of 1687, but some manuscripts are referenced also. Particular attention is devoted to the concept of impressed force; also presented is a brief review of the logical status of Newtonian mechanics. The final part of the chapter deals with the contribution by Leibniz, with a brief exposition of his natural philosophy, in particular the concept of living and dead forces. Finally the works of maturity are discussed with some details.
The constituting phase of the Kingdom of Italy was a time of recovery of mathematical studies. Th... more The constituting phase of the Kingdom of Italy was a time of recovery of mathematical studies. The political unity facilitated the inclusion of Italian mathematicians in the context of European research, in particular the German one. The internationalization of Italian mathematics is customarily associated with a trip taken in 1858 by some young mathematicians including Francesco Brioschi, Enrico Betti and Felice Casorati in Europe. In a few years we assist in the development of some schools that will maintain their role even in the 20th century. Among them, those promoted by Enrico Betti and Eugenio Beltrami were undoubtedly the most important. In this chapter we present briefly the contribution of two of the leading pioneers and their students.
ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium, Sep 17, 1995
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>This article illustrates the nonlinea... more <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>This article illustrates the nonlinear response of a hysteretic two degree of freedom system. The constitutive laws which define the force-displacement relation are based on a hysteretic model with Masing rules linked to a suitable nonlinear elastic model. Attention is focused on the periodic response, though an insight is also given to the non-periodic response. The method of analysis used is the harmonic balance with many components. Frequency-response curves are evaluated for different system characteristics. Ratios of small amplitude vibration frequency 3 and 2 are considered, with different hysteresis degree. Notwithstanding the dissipation due to hysteresis usually destroys most of the phenomena evidenced by the classical nonlinear oscillators, in the present analysis a rich behavior is found: IT symmetric and non symmetric, 2T periodic responses are found and so on.</jats:p>
La scienza delle costruzioni nasce come disciplina universitaria negli anni ’70 dell’Ottocento, q... more La scienza delle costruzioni nasce come disciplina universitaria negli anni ’70 dell’Ottocento, quando i corsi di meccanica delle costruzioni, nell’ambito di un riordino degli studi, prendono appunto il nome di scienza delle costruzioni. La teoria del calcolo strutturale era in larga parte già abbastanza sviluppata. La diffusione delle costruzioni in acciaio rendeva però necessaria per il loro dimensionamento la preparazione di una classe di tecnici che possedesse in modo diffuso le conoscenze sviluppate essenzialmente dalle scuole francese e tedesca. Il terreno era comunque fertile perché nella seconda metà dell’Ottocento in Italia c’era una forte scuola di teoria dell’elasticità, seppure con un approccio di tipo fisico matematico piuttosto che ingegneristico. In questo lavoro si vuole presentare una ricostruzione dello sviluppo della scienza delle costruzioni come disciplina universitaria, a partire dall’Unità d’Italia sino ai primi anni del secondo dopoguerra. L’attenzione è posta sugli aspetti didattici con un commento dei manuali in uso nelle principali scuole di ingegneria d’Italia
Volume 3C: 15th Biennial Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise — Vibration Control, Analysis, and Identification, 1995
In the field of civil engineering the availability of experimental data is often limited, so that... more In the field of civil engineering the availability of experimental data is often limited, so that it is imperative the use of all the available a priori information on the behavior of the structure. In this work a procedure is presented for the identification of a finite element model of a linear or nonlinear structures, which allows to meet this requirement. The procedure is framed within the output error techniques, which, while requiring more complex algorithm, can be easily extended from linear to nonlinear structures. The whole solution strategy is maintained with the single difference of the observed quantities: they are modal quantities in the linear case, while the time histories of the response is used in the nonlinear case. Two sample problems are presented. The identifiability aspects, the amplification of errors in the identification procedure and the optimal selection of parameters and measurements are discussed.
Mechanics is the science of the equilibrium and motion of bodies subject to forces. The adjective... more Mechanics is the science of the equilibrium and motion of bodies subject to forces. The adjective classical, hence Classical Mechanics, was added in the 20th century to distinguish it from relativistic mechanics which studies motion with speed close to light speed and quantum mechanics which studies motion at a subatomic level.
The principle of action and reaction is generally considered the least problematic and interestin... more The principle of action and reaction is generally considered the least problematic and interesting of Newton’s three laws of dynamics—least problematic because it seems self-evident, and least interesting because Newton’s mechanics of Principia essentially represents the dynamics of a mass point, while the principle of action and reaction is mainly important in the case of a set of bodies that interact with each other. However, reading Newton’s text is enough for the principle to appear equally problematic and interesting as the other two. This entry aims to justify this statement and to help clarify the meaning of the principle.
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