Objectives Although water insecurity and food insecurity may be related via various pathways, thi... more Objectives Although water insecurity and food insecurity may be related via various pathways, this relationship has received little attention. Knowing where and among whom water and food insecurities coexist is critical for developing nutrition interventions and policies that are not undermined by concurrent problems with water. The objective of this study, therefore, was to investigate the relationship between water and food insecurities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods In 2020, Gallup World Poll administered the Individual Water Insecurity Experiences Scale (IWISE, score range 0–36) and the Food Insecurity Experiences Scale (FIES, score range 0–8) to measure water and food insecurities in nationally representative samples from 25 LMICs in four global regions (n = 31,755). As a preliminary analysis, we estimated the odds of food insecurity (FIES score ≥ 4) in relation to water insecurity (IWISE score ≥ 12) for each country and region separately using multivariab...
Non-PRIFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systemsDGO; A4NH; PHNDCGIAR Research Program on Agri... more Non-PRIFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systemsDGO; A4NH; PHNDCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
.................................................................................................... more ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 5 1. The current literature on agricultural value chain and the lack of attention to the welfare implications of risk................................................................................................. 7 2. Risk and risk management in the context of agricultural based value chains................... 10 2.1. Identification of the agents: personal vs. functional incidence analysis.................... 10 2.2. The nature of the links. Market vs. contractual relationships.................................... 10 2.3. The “fundamentals” of risk........................................................................................ 12 2.4. Elements for a coherent risk management strategy ................................................... 15 2.4.1. Risk assessment..................................................................................................... 15 2.4.2. Risk management .................................................................................................. 16 2.4.3. Price risk reduction. Affecting price distribution through production, storage and marketing decisions............................................................................ 17 2.4.4. Hedging price variation ......................................................................................... 20 2.4.5. Coping with price variation................................................................................... 21 2.5. A few summary considerations on price risk management within commodity chains and the role of contracts ................................................................................. 22 2.6. The role of governments............................................................................................ 23 3. Economic risk and types of value chains in developing Countries’ agriculture ............... 25 3.1. Staple foods for domestic consumption..................................................................... 28 3.2. Fresh fruits and vegetables for domestic consumption ............................................. 31 3.3. Highly standardized, high-volume internationally traded commodities ................... 32 3.4. Specialty commodities for international markets ...................................................... 36 3.5. Fresh fruits, vegetables and flowers for international markets.................................. 38 4. Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 40 References ................................................................................................................................ 43
Abstract This paper presents the first global picture of food security at a subnational level bas... more Abstract This paper presents the first global picture of food security at a subnational level based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale, the indicator for the Sustainable Development Goal of “Zero Hunger” that is most indicative of the individual’s lived experience of food insecurity and hunger. Using microdata from 75 countries and filling gaps using machine learning, we find significant heterogeneity in levels of food insecurity around the world. Examining global temporal trends and accounting for the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, we find that rates of severe food insecurity are declining, resulting in global decreases in the total number of severely food insecure people. However, the total number of moderately food insecure people has been increasing and, after recovering from the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic, we predict it will continue to increase through the end of the 2020s. Overall, we conclude that current trends in development and demographic change will still leave a large share of the world’s population still experiencing hunger by 2030.
PurposeThis paper aims to provide evidence on the extent to which traditional agri-food products ... more PurposeThis paper aims to provide evidence on the extent to which traditional agri-food products (TFPs) constitute a leverage to promote tourism in the province of Reggio Calabria, Italy, and discuss ways in which community-led local development governance institutions might enhance it.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a review of existing information on Calabrian TFPs to classify them by area of production and identify those that are specific or relatively small areas, in addition to a qualitative analysis of the content of the texts of a sample of websites promoting tourism in the region.FindingsThough food is one of the leverages used to promote tourism in Calabria, TFPs are not yet sufficiently exploited to attract tourists to the province of Reggio Calabria, in spite of their potential as a vital expression of local culture and traditions.Research limitations/implicationsThe selection of the websites used in the study may not be exhaustive of the full spectrum of...
This article is part of a broader study of the fishery system in a coastal area of Southern Italy... more This article is part of a broader study of the fishery system in a coastal area of Southern Italy. It presents a description of the main features of the fishing sectors in the five ports of the southernmost part of Tyrrhenian coast of the Reggio Calabria province, as derived from personal interviews to key informants. Such description contributes to an understanding of the key elements of the economic, social and political environment surrounding the small-scale fishery sector and its performance, both from a narrow economic and a broader development perspective. Further data, obtained by structured interviews to a sample of fishermen, provide information on the relations that fishermen entertain with cooperatives and other professional organizations. The main conclusion is that the system of such relations is still weak, heavily conditioned by some of the problems that resulted from the imposition, long time ago, of environmentally-motivated restrictions to the fishing activity in ...
Objectives Although water insecurity and food insecurity may be related via various pathways, thi... more Objectives Although water insecurity and food insecurity may be related via various pathways, this relationship has received little attention. Knowing where and among whom water and food insecurities coexist is critical for developing nutrition interventions and policies that are not undermined by concurrent problems with water. The objective of this study, therefore, was to investigate the relationship between water and food insecurities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods In 2020, Gallup World Poll administered the Individual Water Insecurity Experiences Scale (IWISE, score range 0–36) and the Food Insecurity Experiences Scale (FIES, score range 0–8) to measure water and food insecurities in nationally representative samples from 25 LMICs in four global regions (n = 31,755). As a preliminary analysis, we estimated the odds of food insecurity (FIES score ≥ 4) in relation to water insecurity (IWISE score ≥ 12) for each country and region separately using multivariab...
Non-PRIFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systemsDGO; A4NH; PHNDCGIAR Research Program on Agri... more Non-PRIFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systemsDGO; A4NH; PHNDCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
.................................................................................................... more ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 5 1. The current literature on agricultural value chain and the lack of attention to the welfare implications of risk................................................................................................. 7 2. Risk and risk management in the context of agricultural based value chains................... 10 2.1. Identification of the agents: personal vs. functional incidence analysis.................... 10 2.2. The nature of the links. Market vs. contractual relationships.................................... 10 2.3. The “fundamentals” of risk........................................................................................ 12 2.4. Elements for a coherent risk management strategy ................................................... 15 2.4.1. Risk assessment..................................................................................................... 15 2.4.2. Risk management .................................................................................................. 16 2.4.3. Price risk reduction. Affecting price distribution through production, storage and marketing decisions............................................................................ 17 2.4.4. Hedging price variation ......................................................................................... 20 2.4.5. Coping with price variation................................................................................... 21 2.5. A few summary considerations on price risk management within commodity chains and the role of contracts ................................................................................. 22 2.6. The role of governments............................................................................................ 23 3. Economic risk and types of value chains in developing Countries’ agriculture ............... 25 3.1. Staple foods for domestic consumption..................................................................... 28 3.2. Fresh fruits and vegetables for domestic consumption ............................................. 31 3.3. Highly standardized, high-volume internationally traded commodities ................... 32 3.4. Specialty commodities for international markets ...................................................... 36 3.5. Fresh fruits, vegetables and flowers for international markets.................................. 38 4. Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 40 References ................................................................................................................................ 43
Abstract This paper presents the first global picture of food security at a subnational level bas... more Abstract This paper presents the first global picture of food security at a subnational level based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale, the indicator for the Sustainable Development Goal of “Zero Hunger” that is most indicative of the individual’s lived experience of food insecurity and hunger. Using microdata from 75 countries and filling gaps using machine learning, we find significant heterogeneity in levels of food insecurity around the world. Examining global temporal trends and accounting for the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, we find that rates of severe food insecurity are declining, resulting in global decreases in the total number of severely food insecure people. However, the total number of moderately food insecure people has been increasing and, after recovering from the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic, we predict it will continue to increase through the end of the 2020s. Overall, we conclude that current trends in development and demographic change will still leave a large share of the world’s population still experiencing hunger by 2030.
PurposeThis paper aims to provide evidence on the extent to which traditional agri-food products ... more PurposeThis paper aims to provide evidence on the extent to which traditional agri-food products (TFPs) constitute a leverage to promote tourism in the province of Reggio Calabria, Italy, and discuss ways in which community-led local development governance institutions might enhance it.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a review of existing information on Calabrian TFPs to classify them by area of production and identify those that are specific or relatively small areas, in addition to a qualitative analysis of the content of the texts of a sample of websites promoting tourism in the region.FindingsThough food is one of the leverages used to promote tourism in Calabria, TFPs are not yet sufficiently exploited to attract tourists to the province of Reggio Calabria, in spite of their potential as a vital expression of local culture and traditions.Research limitations/implicationsThe selection of the websites used in the study may not be exhaustive of the full spectrum of...
This article is part of a broader study of the fishery system in a coastal area of Southern Italy... more This article is part of a broader study of the fishery system in a coastal area of Southern Italy. It presents a description of the main features of the fishing sectors in the five ports of the southernmost part of Tyrrhenian coast of the Reggio Calabria province, as derived from personal interviews to key informants. Such description contributes to an understanding of the key elements of the economic, social and political environment surrounding the small-scale fishery sector and its performance, both from a narrow economic and a broader development perspective. Further data, obtained by structured interviews to a sample of fishermen, provide information on the relations that fishermen entertain with cooperatives and other professional organizations. The main conclusion is that the system of such relations is still weak, heavily conditioned by some of the problems that resulted from the imposition, long time ago, of environmentally-motivated restrictions to the fishing activity in ...
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