Papers by Alexandra Bivolaru
Global and planetary change, May 1, 2024
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HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Oct 13, 2017
International audienc
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Global and Planetary Change, 2024
Venice Lagoon (Italy), the largest wetland in the Mediterranean basin, is extremely vulnerable to... more Venice Lagoon (Italy), the largest wetland in the Mediterranean basin, is extremely vulnerable to variations in relative sea level (RSL) which is locally defined by an average rising rate of about 2.5 mm per year, resulting from both sea-level change and vertical land movements. The environmental pressures stemming from projected higher RSL rising rates will have a profound impact on Venetian coastal ecosystems with a significant loss of wetlands partly due to a drastic reduction of salt marsh habitats. To understand how changes in marine influence could create such ecological upheaval in the near future, and fully remodel these coastal salt marshes, we reconstructed 5650 years of RSL rise history and land subsidence impacts on ecosystem dynamics during the Holocene transgression of Venice Lagoon. We show that the evolution of ecosystems mainly mirrors the gradual intrusion of salt water that progressively reshaped the coastal vegetation by turning the area into salt lagoon habitats. Before marine influence became dominant, the area was mainly fed by substantial freshwater supplies allowing the development of a diversified alluvial vegetation. Environmental pressures increased markedly about 6800-6600 years ago when seawater began to significantly influence the area, affecting marsh-swamp ecosystems. These marine inputs promoted the spread of halophytic and salt-tolerant vegetation types which laid the foundations for what would become the current salt marsh habitats. Venice Lagoon serves as a stark reminder of how rising sea levels, accompanied by increased saltwater intrusion into freshwater habitats and adjacent lands, can drastically alter and reshape pre-existing ecosystems. The lagoon's long-term ecological record indicates that contemporary fluctuations in RSL pose a substantial ecological threat, potentially culminating in a major upheaval of aquatic habitats in the near future.
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Materiale şi cercetãri arheologice (Serie nouã), 2019
The analysis of the artefacts from osseous raw materials discoveret in Histria – Acropolis Centre... more The analysis of the artefacts from osseous raw materials discoveret in Histria – Acropolis Centre‐ South Sector is integrated in the series of extensive scientific valorisation of the artefacts from osseous raw materials recovered from archaeological sites located in Dobrudja – see the bibliography. Consequently, the common and significant presence of this kind of artefacts is documented in terms of quantities, types and data obtained from the inventory of the archaeological structures dated to the Roman and Roman‐ Byzantine periods in Histria – Acropolis Centre‐ South Sector. Their systematic recovery and study will continue to be a goal for the research team of this sector as part of the broader scientific objectives of the on‐ going project. The article offers the extensive primary research data of the assemblage obtained following the 2013– 2016 archaeological campaigns, comprising 31 pieces. The typological categories are quite various : tools, adornments, accessories, hafts, raw materials and debris. The local procurement of osseous raw materials (bone, deer antler, wild boar tusks) is taken into account. The artefacts have been made probably within mixt workshops (metal, wood, bone etc.), where various tools, accessories from different raw materials etc. have been produced. The technical solutions of manufacture have been defined using microscopic analysis. Artefacts are dated in the Roman and Roman‐ Byzantine periods (2nd– 6th century AD). Further chronological data cannot be formulated due to the disturbed context of last dwelling levels and standardised parameters of the artefacts. The piece HIS‐ ACS_ 15 (dated to the 6th century AD, Fig. 16) is a remarkable exception due to its ornamentation, which attests the use of dye that was exceptionally well preserved. Given the fact that the decoration of the bone item still preserves traces of black pigment, the team decided to conduct a compositional non‐ destructive analysis using a portable X‐ Ray Fluorescence spectrometer Innov‐ X Systems Alpha Series, with W anticathode tube, SiPIN diode, Peltier cooling effect. The analysis on Analytical mode was conducted on both the interior side (less finished, undecorated) and the exterior side (finely worked, decorated) in order to determine possible differences in the composition (Tables 6– 7, Graph 5). The analysis conducted on the upper (decorated) side indicates again the presence of iron and lead, but this time the latter in a very high amount (70.51% Pb). The presence of both lead and iron on the surface of the decorated object could be possibly explained in terms of the original use of two pigments of different origin, one based on iron (an iron oxide – ochre ?) and another on lead. These would have been either mixed to obtain a final desired colour or combined to obtain two different hues or nuances on the surface (for example, ground in one hue of red and the concentric circles in another). Another possible explanation is that the surface of the object was coloured in black using only a lead oxide, while the presence of iron indicates the prolonged contact of the bone object with an iron object. The fact that the amount of iron is much higher on the interior of the object, in combination with the presence of zinc and a small amount of lead, could serve as an argument in favour of the original use of the red deer item as a convex plaque for an iron object. Artefacts made of osseous raw materials which were studied on this occasion offer important typological and technological benchmarks for complex and extensive approach of civilisation and culture of the Histrian communities during Roman and Roman‐ Byzantine epoch.
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The Holocene, 2018
In Northern Dobrogea, north of the Dunavăţ promontory, the Roman fortress of Halmyris was founded... more In Northern Dobrogea, north of the Dunavăţ promontory, the Roman fortress of Halmyris was founded in the late 1st century AD on a Getic settlement dating to the middle of the 1st millennium BC, probably associated with a Greek emporium of the Classical and Hellenistic periods. At the time of the foundation of Halmyris, the Danube delta had already prograded several kilometres to the east leading to the progressive retreat of the sea and the formation of a deltaic plain characterised by numerous lakes and river channels. Here, we present the results of a multiproxy study combining sedimentology and palaeoecology to (1) understand the evolution of fluvial landscapes around Halmyris since ca. 8000 years BP and (2) identify the fluvial palaeoenvironments close to the city in Getic/Greek and Roman times, in order to locate and characterise the waterfront and the harbour. Our overriding objective was to improve understanding of human–environment relations in river delta settings. We demon...
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The call for abstracts of the 7th Landscape Archaeology Conference 2022 is now open. The conferen... more The call for abstracts of the 7th Landscape Archaeology Conference 2022 is now open. The conference will take place online from 10 th-15 th of September. We hereby invite anyone interested to attend and share their research results in Session 20: Waterscape archaeology: multi-scalar human-environment interactions in coastal lagoons. This session calls for contributions that looks into the relationship between humans and coastal lagoons over time. Interdisciplinary contributions are encouraged, bringing together works from archaeology, anthropology, history, geography, geology, hydrology, etc., in a diachronic perspective.
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The Greeks and Romans in the Black Sea and the Importance of the Pontic Region for the Graeco- Roman World (Zth century BC- 5th century AD), 2021
2021, Bivolaru A., Giaime M., Morhange C., Andrieu-Ponel V., Rossi V., Marriner N., Vespremeanu-S... more 2021, Bivolaru A., Giaime M., Morhange C., Andrieu-Ponel V., Rossi V., Marriner N., Vespremeanu-Stroe F., Coastal Geoarchaeology of the Danube Delta. Results from Halmyris, Enisala and Istros, in « The Greeks and Romans in the Black Sea and the Importance of the Pontic Region for the Graeco- Roman World (Zth century BC- 5th century AD) », Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress on Black Sea Antiquities (Constanta), G. R. Tsetskhladze, A. Avram, J. Hargrave eds., pp. 533-549.
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Under the Mediterranean I: Studies in maritime archaeology, 2021
2021, Bivolaru, A., Bottez, V., Asandulesei, A., Vladu, A., Giaime, M., Morhange, C., Istros (Bla... more 2021, Bivolaru, A., Bottez, V., Asandulesei, A., Vladu, A., Giaime, M., Morhange, C., Istros (Black Sea coast, Romania). A geoarchaeological perspective regarding the harbour(s) location. In S. Demesticha and L. Blue et al., (eds.), Under the Mediterranean I: Studies in maritime archaeology, pp. 299-319, ISBN: 9789088909450.
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UNDER THE MEDITERRANEAN I, 2021
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Revista CICSA , 2021
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2018, Bivolaru A. et al., Between the Danube Delta and the Black Sea. Preliminary results of a multi-proxy study of two archaeological sites (Histria and Halmyris, Romania), Black Sea Archaeology Studies, Recent Developments, D. Yiğitpaşa, H. Öniz, A. Temür eds., TINA, pp. 13-31. Black Sea Archaeology Studies, Recent Developments, D. Yiğitpaşa, H. Öniz, A. Temür eds., TINA, 2018
2018, Bivolaru A., Giaime M., Rossi V., Bottez V., Marriner N., Morhange C., Lungu V., Streinu M.... more 2018, Bivolaru A., Giaime M., Rossi V., Bottez V., Marriner N., Morhange C., Lungu V., Streinu M., Between the Danube Delta and the Black Sea. Preliminary results of a multi-proxy study of two archaeological sites (Histria and Halmyris, Romania), Black Sea Archaeology Studies, Recent Developments, D. Yiğitpaşa, H. Öniz, A. Temür eds., TINA, pp. 13-31.
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2019, Giaime M., Magne G., Bivolaru A., Gandouin E., Marriner N., Morhange C., Halmyris: Geoarchaeology of a fluvial harbour on the Danube Delta (Dobrogea, Romania), The Holocene, 29(2), pp. 313–327. the Holocene, 2019
2019, Giaime M., Magne G., Bivolaru A., Gandouin E., Marriner N., Morhange C., Halmyris: Geoarc... more 2019, Giaime M., Magne G., Bivolaru A., Gandouin E., Marriner N., Morhange C., Halmyris: Geoarchaeology of a fluvial harbour on the Danube Delta (Dobrogea, Romania), The Holocene, 29(2), pp. 313–327.
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2018, Giaime M., Magne G., Bivolaru A., Gandouin E., Marriner N., Morhange C., Halmyris: geoarcha... more 2018, Giaime M., Magne G., Bivolaru A., Gandouin E., Marriner N., Morhange C., Halmyris: geoarchaeology of a fluvial harbour on the Danube Delta (Dobrogea, Romania), The Holocene
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2016, Baralis A., Bivolaru A., Marriner N., Morhange C., Porotov A., Zin’ko V., Foreword, Geomorphology and geoarchaeology of Black Sea coasts, Méditerranée, 126, pp 3-14. 2016, Baralis A., Bivolaru A., Marriner N., Morhange C., Porotov A., Zin’ko V. Foreword, Geomorph... more 2016, Baralis A., Bivolaru A., Marriner N., Morhange C., Porotov A., Zin’ko V. Foreword, Geomorphology and geoarchaeology of Black Sea coasts, Méditerranée, 126, pp 3-14.
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This paper covers the Late Roman lamps discovered on the ACS Sector at Histria (Romania)
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Méditerranée, 2016
Situee entre l’Europe, le Caucase et l’Anatolie, la mer Noire presente une longueur d’environ 1 1... more Situee entre l’Europe, le Caucase et l’Anatolie, la mer Noire presente une longueur d’environ 1 150 km d’Ouest en Est pour une largeur de 600 km du nord au sud. Ces dimensions lui conferent ainsi une superficie globale d’environ 410 000 km². Il s’agit d’une creation relativement recente dans la mesure ou sa formation s’avere consecutive a la fin du Wurm, laquelle par l’elevation du niveau marin a permis la connexion de cet espace avec l’ocean mondial. Cet evenement, qui beneficie deja d’une r...
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Papers by Alexandra Bivolaru
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ARWA Conference (Rome 2021). PPT presentation by Chris Morhange & Alexandra Bivolaru (AMU) & Daniela Cottica (Venice) & David Kaniewski (Toulouse) & Nick Marriner (CNRS) & Hadeer Sheisha (AMU) & Gamal Younes (AMU).
At the deltaic scale, we investigate 7000 years of environmental changes on the Kuban delta (Taman Peninsula, Russia). We show that the local inhabitants faced significant natural constraints that have undoubtedly dictated the development and decline of some cities, in particular during archaic a nd classical periods.
At the local scale (ancient settlements), we show that the natural environment, such as lagoons or estuaries were particularly attractive for ancient population looking for good mooring areas. We focus on the potentialities and constraints of such environments for the development of harbours in three different sites: Akko (Haifa Bay, Israel), Pollentia (Mallorca, Balearic archipelago) and Halmyris (Danube delta, Romania).
Inscription auprès de : geoaecologie.dinard@ephe.psl.eu
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Il n'y a que 15 places...
Géoarchéologie des ports antiques du delta du Danube
Responsable : Anca DAN
Programme détaillé : www.archeo.ens.fr
École normale supérieure 45 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris
tél : 01.44.32.37.83. ou 01.44.32.30.16.
Alexandra BIVOLARU et Christophe MORHANGE (Aix-Marseille Université, CEREGE)
Vendredi 6 mars 2020, salle F, 45 rue d'ulm, Paris
Monday 27 May 2019:
ICUB
Antonescu Hall, Ground floor
Faculty of Law, Bd. Mihail Kogalniceanu, no. 36-46, Bucharest
10-12 h - Lecture: Harbour geoarchaeology, quo vadis ?
Christophe Morhange
Faculty of History
Room 301, third floor,
Bd. Regina Elisabeta, no. 4 -12, Bucharest
16-17 h - Lecture: Geoarchaeology of ancient harbors of the Mediterranean and Red seas
Christophe Morhange
Tuesday 28 may 2019:
Faculty of History
Room 306, third floor,
Bd. Regina Elisabeta, no. 4 -12, Bucharest
11-12 h - Lecture: Geoarchaeology of the Danube delta
Christophe Morhange
Wednesday 29 May 2019 :
Faculty of Geography
Simion Mehedinți Hall, third floor
Bd. Nicolae Bălcescu, no. 1, Bucharest
10-11 h - Lecture: RSL, coastal deformations and harbour geoarchaeology
Christophe Morhange & Alexandra Bivolaru
11-12 h - Meet and Greet with the Guest Speakers
Faculty of History
Room 304, third floor,
Bd. Regina Elisabeta, no. 4 -12, Bucharest
15-16 h - Lecture: Total archaeology of Histria
Alexandra Bivolaru
INFRAESTRUCTURES PORTUÀRIES D’ÈPOCA MEDIEVAL I MODERNA A LA MEDITERRÀNIA OCCIDENTAL
DIVENDRES, 14 DE DESEMBRE DE 2018
SALA DE PROMOCIÓ ECONÒMICA-ROSES, CARRER DE MADRID, 1, ROSES
Conference "New Technologies, Palaeo-Hazards and GeoArchaeology", focuses on the four following Topics.
http://geoarch-hazards.geol.uoa.gr/index.php/about-conference/conference-topics
New Technologies in Coastal Research
Maritime and Coastal Geoarchaeology
Relative sea-level changes in Geo-archaeological context
Palaeogeographical Reconstruction and Palaeo-Hazards
edited by A. Baralis, A. Bivolaru, N. Marriner, C. Morhange, V. Zinko and A. Porotov.
Journal of Mediterranean geography
MEDITERRANEE
n° 126 (2016)
Rencontre 2 juin 2022
Projet de géographie intégrée d'analyse sur la longue durée des impacts des sociétés sur les environnements côtiers et portuaires
International conference "Climate and Societies in the Mediterranean during the Last Two Millennia" 8-9 March 2017 Aix-en-Provence France
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ffGbi9O5kfM
Séminaire Anca DAN (ENS)
by A. Bivolaru et C. Morhange
Séminaire ENS-Ulm (Anca DAN). 2020