I research on Community Ecology of birds. My focus is to understand the effects of forest fragmentation over species and communities in the Neotropical region. We have expanding our focus to include also agriculture fields, restoration areas, beside forest fragaments, which compound the typical landscape where I study.
Research on island species–area relationships (ISAR) has expanded to incorporate functional (IFDA... more Research on island species–area relationships (ISAR) has expanded to incorporate functional (IFDAR) and phylogenetic (IPDAR) diversity. However, relative to the ISAR, we know little about IFDARs and IPDARs, and lack synthetic global analyses of variation in form of these three categories of island diversity–area relationship (IDAR). Here, we undertake the first comparative evaluation of IDARs at the global scale using 51 avian archipelagic data sets representing true and habitat islands. Using null models, we explore how richness-corrected functional and phylogenetic diversity scale with island area. We also provide the largest global assessment of the impacts of species introductions and extinctions on the IDAR. Results show that increasing richness with area is the primary driver of the (non-richness corrected) IPDAR and IFDAR for many data sets. However, for several archipelagos, richness-corrected functional and phylogenetic diversity changes linearly with island area, suggesting that the dominant community assembly processes shift along the island area gradient. We also find that archipelagos with the steepest ISARs exhibit the biggest differences in slope between IDARs, indicating increased functional and phylogenetic redundancy on larger islands in these archipelagos. In several cases introduced species seem to have ‘re-calibrated’ the IDARs such that they resemble the historic period prior to recent extinctions.
Seasonal variation in tropical and subtropical systems can have different effects on bird species... more Seasonal variation in tropical and subtropical systems can have different effects on bird species depending on the resources they use and how they use them. However, despite recent research advances, knowledge of the drivers of the presence and abundance of species in different seasons is still limited for most tropical bird species. In these poorly understood systems, examining seasonal changes in species composition from the perspective of traits related to resource use can provide insight into what resources may be driving bird movements between areas throughout the year and what types of species are more subject to seasonality. Here, we explore bird community seasonality in three forest types (dense, semi‐deciduous and mixed rainforests) subjected to different climatic conditions in one of the world's biodiversity hotspots, the Atlantic Rainforest. We investigated differences between summer and winter in species richness and in the composition of resource‐related species tra...
In passerines, high species richness is driven mainly by dense occupation of the trait space rath... more In passerines, high species richness is driven mainly by dense occupation of the trait space rather than by an increased volume of the trait space. This niche packing mechanism would be allowed by increased specialization. Here we studied the Tyranni to investigate how species from the parvorders Tyrannida and Furnariida share the trait space. Because Furnariida include more specialized species in diet and foraging, we expected niche packing to be a predominant mechanism driving species richness in this group and tested (1) whether differences exist in local functional structure and the spatial regularity of occupied functional space between the groups and, if so, (2) whether the differences in local functional structure are explained by species trait combinations, species abundances, or both. We calculated indexes of functional diversity (alpha diversity), variation in trait composition (beta diversity), and generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). We recorded 32 and 30 species in each passerine group using point counts for 4 years in an undisturbed continuous forest of southern Brazil. Although both groups presented similar overall richness, our models indicated that Furnariida had more species per transect and higher diversity values than those of Tyrannida but lower dissimilarity and turnover of traits. Furthermore, linear models of species richness and functional richness had higher slopes for Tyrannida than for Furnariida. Our study suggests two different strategies in Tyranni: while species richness in Tyrannida is reached by higher dissimilarity among local assemblages, in Furnariida species packing is the dominant mechanism.
The restoration of degraded areas and the creation of artificial ecosystems have partially compen... more The restoration of degraded areas and the creation of artificial ecosystems have partially compensated for the continuing loss of natural wetlands. However, the success of these wetlands in terms of the capacity of supporting biodiversity and ecosystem functions is unclear. Research is needed to improve our understanding of the value of restored and constructed wetlands for functional diversity of freshwater fauna. We compared natural, restored, and artificially created wetlands present within the Doñana Natural Space, Spain and valued as important for waterbirds. We evaluated if these wetlands are equivalent in terms of waterbird functional trait diversity and composition, during both the wintering and breeding seasons. We modelled functional diversity measures and functional group species richness describing species diet, body mass, and foraging techniques with generalised linear mixed models in 20 wetlands monitored between 2006 and 2011. We used three different statistical appro...
Neste trabalho é apresentado a lista de espécies de anfíbios anuros da Fazenda Jaburi. Município ... more Neste trabalho é apresentado a lista de espécies de anfíbios anuros da Fazenda Jaburi. Município de Espigão D'Oeste, Estado de Rondônia, enfocando os ambientes utilizados durante a atividade reprodutiva em áreas de floresta primária c campos de pastagens. Foram registradas 31 espécies para esta localidade pertencentes as seguintes famílias: Bufonidae (3), Dendrobatidae (2), Hylidae (17), Leptodactylidae (7) e Microhylidae (2). A maioria das espécies (24) ocorreram no interior e na borda de floresta primária. Quatorze espécies foram observadas em atividade reprodutiva nos campos de pastagens, enquanto nove espécies foram encontradas apenas dentro de floresta primária.
The Upper Paraná River floodplain (UPR) represents the last stretch of the Paraná River in Brazil... more The Upper Paraná River floodplain (UPR) represents the last stretch of the Paraná River in Brazilian territory where a river-floodplain ecosystem still exists. However, the region had been subjected to intense deforestation in previous decades, and more than half of the original floodplain has been lost due to the construction of the Porto Primavera dam, which may have resulted in the local extinction of species. In the present study, we compared the list of bird species recorded before the construction of Porto Primavera dam (1926-1996) to that gotten afterwards (1999-2007) under the Long-Term Ecological Research program (LTER-site 6). We aim to investigate biogeographical and ecological traits of species potentially lost in the UPR. Endemism, proximity to the edge of species' geographic range, low tolerance to human-altered habitats and habitat specificity were associated to the potential extinction of birds in the UPR. The region represents an important opportunity for conser...
Research on island species–area relationships (ISAR) has expanded to incorporate functional (IFDA... more Research on island species–area relationships (ISAR) has expanded to incorporate functional (IFDAR) and phylogenetic (IPDAR) diversity. However, relative to the ISAR, we know little about IFDARs and IPDARs, and lack synthetic global analyses of variation in form of these three categories of island diversity–area relationship (IDAR). Here, we undertake the first comparative evaluation of IDARs at the global scale using 51 avian archipelagic data sets representing true and habitat islands. Using null models, we explore how richness-corrected functional and phylogenetic diversity scale with island area. We also provide the largest global assessment of the impacts of species introductions and extinctions on the IDAR. Results show that increasing richness with area is the primary driver of the (non-richness corrected) IPDAR and IFDAR for many data sets. However, for several archipelagos, richness-corrected functional and phylogenetic diversity changes linearly with island area, suggesting that the dominant community assembly processes shift along the island area gradient. We also find that archipelagos with the steepest ISARs exhibit the biggest differences in slope between IDARs, indicating increased functional and phylogenetic redundancy on larger islands in these archipelagos. In several cases introduced species seem to have ‘re-calibrated’ the IDARs such that they resemble the historic period prior to recent extinctions.
Seasonal variation in tropical and subtropical systems can have different effects on bird species... more Seasonal variation in tropical and subtropical systems can have different effects on bird species depending on the resources they use and how they use them. However, despite recent research advances, knowledge of the drivers of the presence and abundance of species in different seasons is still limited for most tropical bird species. In these poorly understood systems, examining seasonal changes in species composition from the perspective of traits related to resource use can provide insight into what resources may be driving bird movements between areas throughout the year and what types of species are more subject to seasonality. Here, we explore bird community seasonality in three forest types (dense, semi‐deciduous and mixed rainforests) subjected to different climatic conditions in one of the world's biodiversity hotspots, the Atlantic Rainforest. We investigated differences between summer and winter in species richness and in the composition of resource‐related species tra...
In passerines, high species richness is driven mainly by dense occupation of the trait space rath... more In passerines, high species richness is driven mainly by dense occupation of the trait space rather than by an increased volume of the trait space. This niche packing mechanism would be allowed by increased specialization. Here we studied the Tyranni to investigate how species from the parvorders Tyrannida and Furnariida share the trait space. Because Furnariida include more specialized species in diet and foraging, we expected niche packing to be a predominant mechanism driving species richness in this group and tested (1) whether differences exist in local functional structure and the spatial regularity of occupied functional space between the groups and, if so, (2) whether the differences in local functional structure are explained by species trait combinations, species abundances, or both. We calculated indexes of functional diversity (alpha diversity), variation in trait composition (beta diversity), and generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). We recorded 32 and 30 species in each passerine group using point counts for 4 years in an undisturbed continuous forest of southern Brazil. Although both groups presented similar overall richness, our models indicated that Furnariida had more species per transect and higher diversity values than those of Tyrannida but lower dissimilarity and turnover of traits. Furthermore, linear models of species richness and functional richness had higher slopes for Tyrannida than for Furnariida. Our study suggests two different strategies in Tyranni: while species richness in Tyrannida is reached by higher dissimilarity among local assemblages, in Furnariida species packing is the dominant mechanism.
The restoration of degraded areas and the creation of artificial ecosystems have partially compen... more The restoration of degraded areas and the creation of artificial ecosystems have partially compensated for the continuing loss of natural wetlands. However, the success of these wetlands in terms of the capacity of supporting biodiversity and ecosystem functions is unclear. Research is needed to improve our understanding of the value of restored and constructed wetlands for functional diversity of freshwater fauna. We compared natural, restored, and artificially created wetlands present within the Doñana Natural Space, Spain and valued as important for waterbirds. We evaluated if these wetlands are equivalent in terms of waterbird functional trait diversity and composition, during both the wintering and breeding seasons. We modelled functional diversity measures and functional group species richness describing species diet, body mass, and foraging techniques with generalised linear mixed models in 20 wetlands monitored between 2006 and 2011. We used three different statistical appro...
Neste trabalho é apresentado a lista de espécies de anfíbios anuros da Fazenda Jaburi. Município ... more Neste trabalho é apresentado a lista de espécies de anfíbios anuros da Fazenda Jaburi. Município de Espigão D'Oeste, Estado de Rondônia, enfocando os ambientes utilizados durante a atividade reprodutiva em áreas de floresta primária c campos de pastagens. Foram registradas 31 espécies para esta localidade pertencentes as seguintes famílias: Bufonidae (3), Dendrobatidae (2), Hylidae (17), Leptodactylidae (7) e Microhylidae (2). A maioria das espécies (24) ocorreram no interior e na borda de floresta primária. Quatorze espécies foram observadas em atividade reprodutiva nos campos de pastagens, enquanto nove espécies foram encontradas apenas dentro de floresta primária.
The Upper Paraná River floodplain (UPR) represents the last stretch of the Paraná River in Brazil... more The Upper Paraná River floodplain (UPR) represents the last stretch of the Paraná River in Brazilian territory where a river-floodplain ecosystem still exists. However, the region had been subjected to intense deforestation in previous decades, and more than half of the original floodplain has been lost due to the construction of the Porto Primavera dam, which may have resulted in the local extinction of species. In the present study, we compared the list of bird species recorded before the construction of Porto Primavera dam (1926-1996) to that gotten afterwards (1999-2007) under the Long-Term Ecological Research program (LTER-site 6). We aim to investigate biogeographical and ecological traits of species potentially lost in the UPR. Endemism, proximity to the edge of species' geographic range, low tolerance to human-altered habitats and habitat specificity were associated to the potential extinction of birds in the UPR. The region represents an important opportunity for conser...
Uploads
Papers by Luiz dos Anjos