Pyrolysis is gaining more significance as a technology used to produce alternative fuels and chem... more Pyrolysis is gaining more significance as a technology used to produce alternative fuels and chemicals. This study dealt with the catalytic pyrolysis of a realistic waste mixture of multi-layered plastic food packaging. The thermal behavior, kinetic parameters, and kinetic model of multi-layered plastic food packaging pyrolysis were determined to show its potential for process scale-up. In particular, we aimed to evaluate the effect of a ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, modified with iron(III) oxide. The pyrolysis process on this decagonal structure was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen flow at four heating rates ranging between 40 and 600 °C. The kinetic study was conducted using the model-free isoconversional Friedman method as well as advanced statistical analysis to determine the reaction mechanism of the process. The thermal decomposition occurred in the range of 350–510 °C, with a mass loss greater than 90%. The kinetic study revealed a complex pyrolysis proc...
Ovisnost o uvozu sirovina te utjecaj na okoliš predstavljaju glavne probleme koji definiraju put ... more Ovisnost o uvozu sirovina te utjecaj na okoliš predstavljaju glavne probleme koji definiraju put razvoja cjelokupnog europskog gospodarstva. Europska unija nastoji doskočiti ovim problemima kroz stimuliranje niskougljičnog, održivog, konkurentnog i sirovinski učinkovitog gospodarstva. Razvoj gospodarstva u ovome smjeru moguće je postići kroz povećanje održivosti proizvodnje promoviranjem simbioza industrija te uspostave šireg kružnog gospodarstva što Europska unija promovira kroz strateške planove za razvoj gospodarstva i legislativni okvir, čime je definiran i pristup "zatvaranja petlje". Integrirani sustav gospodarenja otpadom i njegove oporabe, ne samo da može pomoći pri „zatvaranju petlje“ na materijalnoj strani, kroz uporabu sekundarnih sirovina u proizvodnji sekundarnih materijala čime se skraćuje proizvodni lanac, nego i na energetskoj strani. Na ovaj način energija iz otpada se koristi za (djelomično) zadovoljavanje energetskih potreba čitavog sustava. Ova misao je...
Book of abstracts of the 6th Central and Eastern European Conference on Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (CEEC-TAC6) and 15th Mediterranean Conference on Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis (Medicta2021), 2021
In this paper, the feasibility of combined heat and power waste-to-energy plant is investigated i... more In this paper, the feasibility of combined heat and power waste-to-energy plant is investigated in the conditions of implementation of the new legal framework for waste disposal and management as well as new power market conditions. As waste management is a core issue of sustainable development of regions, especially urban and metropolitan areas, as well as a need for sustainable energy supply, these two energy flows logically come together in the facility for heat and power production by waste incineration. However, when new legislation guidelines are implemented, quantity and quality of municipal solid waste as fuel changes, which has a great influence on the operation of waste-to-energy based systems. While there is a lot of fuel in the first years of operation, the feasibility of facilities may come in jeopardy with further development of waste management system. This paper investigates gradual compensation of decreasing municipal solid waste production by introducing new fuels ...
Highly efficient cogeneration and district heating systems have a significant potential to greatl... more Highly efficient cogeneration and district heating systems have a significant potential to greatly increase the flexibility of the overall energy systems through the utilization of power to heat technologies and heat storage. This makes them a very important factor when it comes to the planning of future energy systems with high shares of intermittent energy sources like wind and PV. The integration and expansion of district heating in existing energy systems, as well as its modernization and upgrade requires extensive planning and mapping of the heating demand to ensure its optimal design from a technical and economic aspect and to maximize the utilization of waste heat sources, geothermal energy and so on. The goal of this work is to present and utilize a heating demand mapping methodology on a case study for the city of Osijek in Croatia. The obtained data has been used to create scenarios for the development of Osijek’s energy system utilizing district heating and renewable ener...
Uporaba centraliziranih toplinskih sustava (CTS) (eng. district heating systems (DHS)) je jedan o... more Uporaba centraliziranih toplinskih sustava (CTS) (eng. district heating systems (DHS)) je jedan od nacina na koji Europska unija nastoji dostici postavljene ciljeve o smanjenju potrosnje primarne energije te diversifikaciji energetskih izvora. Ovakvi sustavi omogucuju iskoristavanje razlicitih izvora energije za zadovoljavanje energetskih potreba stambenih zgrada, poslovnih objekata i industrije, a među njima su i energija dobivena energetskom oporabom otpada te goriva koja je tesko uporabiti za pogon malih toplinskih kotlova (u ovu grupu danas vecinom spada biomasa). U ovome radu je dan pregled 26 energetskih postrojenja koja opskrbljuju postojece CTS-e u zemljama EU. Posebna pozornost se poklonila postrojenjima za termicku obradu otpada (TOO) (eng. waste to energy (WtE) plants) i postrojenjima na biomasu te, da bi se dao cjelovit pregled i omogucila usporedba, dan je pregled i postojecih postrojenja na fosilna goriva. Podatci potrebni za provođenje ekonomske analize mogu se aproks...
The use of district heating systems is one of the ways in which the European Union is trying to r... more The use of district heating systems is one of the ways in which the European Union is trying to reach set goals of reducing primary energy consumption and diversification of energy sources. These systems, which allow the use of different energy sources, such as thermal energy produced in waste to energy plants and fuels that are difficult to use to drive small heat boilers (biomass is classified in this group), are some of them. This paper provides economic viability assessment of technologies for usage of these two local energy sources in the district heating system in the City of Zagreb. Economic evaluation is based on regression analysis from data of existing power plants in the world, and on the locally dependent data. Some of the main parameters that are dependent of location of the plant are price and available quantity of the fuel, therefore these values are separately modelled ; biomass as a function of the location of the plant while municipal waste as a function of locatio...
Uporaba centraliziranih toplinskih sustava (CTS) (eng. district heating systems (DHS)) je jedan o... more Uporaba centraliziranih toplinskih sustava (CTS) (eng. district heating systems (DHS)) je jedan od nacina na koji Europska unija nastoji dostici postavljene ciljeve o smanjenju potrosnje primarne energije te diversifikaciji energetskih izvora. Ovakvi sustavi omogucuju iskoristavanje razlicitih izvora energije za zadovoljavanje energetskih potreba stambenih zgrada, poslovnih objekata i industrije, a među njima su i energija dobivena energetskom oporabom otpada te goriva koja je tesko uporabiti za pogon malih toplinskih kotlova (u ovu grupu danas vecinom spada biomasa). U ovome radu je dan pregled 26 energetskih postrojenja koja opskrbljuju postojece CTS-e u zemljama EU. Posebna pozornost se poklonila postrojenjima za termicku obradu otpada (TOO) (eng. waste to energy (WtE) plants) i postrojenjima na biomasu te, da bi se dao cjelovit pregled i omogucila usporedba, dan je pregled i postojecih postrojenja na fosilna goriva. Podatci potrebni za provođenje ekonomske analize mogu se aproks...
U ovome radu dan je presjek tehnologija za dobivanje elektricne energije iz solarne energije s fo... more U ovome radu dan je presjek tehnologija za dobivanje elektricne energije iz solarne energije s fokusom na solarne toplinske elektrane s parabolicnim kolektorima te su pobliže opisani dijelovi takvog postrojenja kao i objasnjen nacin rada. U drugome dijelu rada iznesena je usporedba organskog Rankinovog ciklusa s parnim Rankinovim ciklusom sto je važno za razumjeti prilikom izvođenja matematickog modela solarne elektrane s organskim Rankinovim cilkusom sto je i temelj ovoga rada. Matematicki model opisan u ovome radu prikazuje matematicki okvir solarne elektrane s kontinuiranom, i sto konstantnijom, proizvodnjom elektricne energije sto je postignuto uporabom toplinskog spremnika. \Na temelju tog matematickog modela izveden je izbor radnog medija ORC-a te je pomocu njega provedena satna simulacija rada elektrane kroz godinu dana. U posljednjem dijelu rada, iz podataka dobivenih simulacijom, određene su potrebne velicine dnevnog toplinskog spremnika za model bez uporabe i s uporabom po...
Pyrolysis is gaining more significance as a technology used to produce alternative fuels and chem... more Pyrolysis is gaining more significance as a technology used to produce alternative fuels and chemicals. This study dealt with the catalytic pyrolysis of a realistic waste mixture of multi-layered plastic food packaging. The thermal behavior, kinetic parameters, and kinetic model of multi-layered plastic food packaging pyrolysis were determined to show its potential for process scale-up. In particular, we aimed to evaluate the effect of a ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, modified with iron(III) oxide. The pyrolysis process on this decagonal structure was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen flow at four heating rates ranging between 40 and 600 °C. The kinetic study was conducted using the model-free isoconversional Friedman method as well as advanced statistical analysis to determine the reaction mechanism of the process. The thermal decomposition occurred in the range of 350–510 °C, with a mass loss greater than 90%. The kinetic study revealed a complex pyrolysis proc...
Ovisnost o uvozu sirovina te utjecaj na okoliš predstavljaju glavne probleme koji definiraju put ... more Ovisnost o uvozu sirovina te utjecaj na okoliš predstavljaju glavne probleme koji definiraju put razvoja cjelokupnog europskog gospodarstva. Europska unija nastoji doskočiti ovim problemima kroz stimuliranje niskougljičnog, održivog, konkurentnog i sirovinski učinkovitog gospodarstva. Razvoj gospodarstva u ovome smjeru moguće je postići kroz povećanje održivosti proizvodnje promoviranjem simbioza industrija te uspostave šireg kružnog gospodarstva što Europska unija promovira kroz strateške planove za razvoj gospodarstva i legislativni okvir, čime je definiran i pristup "zatvaranja petlje". Integrirani sustav gospodarenja otpadom i njegove oporabe, ne samo da može pomoći pri „zatvaranju petlje“ na materijalnoj strani, kroz uporabu sekundarnih sirovina u proizvodnji sekundarnih materijala čime se skraćuje proizvodni lanac, nego i na energetskoj strani. Na ovaj način energija iz otpada se koristi za (djelomično) zadovoljavanje energetskih potreba čitavog sustava. Ova misao je...
Book of abstracts of the 6th Central and Eastern European Conference on Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (CEEC-TAC6) and 15th Mediterranean Conference on Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis (Medicta2021), 2021
In this paper, the feasibility of combined heat and power waste-to-energy plant is investigated i... more In this paper, the feasibility of combined heat and power waste-to-energy plant is investigated in the conditions of implementation of the new legal framework for waste disposal and management as well as new power market conditions. As waste management is a core issue of sustainable development of regions, especially urban and metropolitan areas, as well as a need for sustainable energy supply, these two energy flows logically come together in the facility for heat and power production by waste incineration. However, when new legislation guidelines are implemented, quantity and quality of municipal solid waste as fuel changes, which has a great influence on the operation of waste-to-energy based systems. While there is a lot of fuel in the first years of operation, the feasibility of facilities may come in jeopardy with further development of waste management system. This paper investigates gradual compensation of decreasing municipal solid waste production by introducing new fuels ...
Highly efficient cogeneration and district heating systems have a significant potential to greatl... more Highly efficient cogeneration and district heating systems have a significant potential to greatly increase the flexibility of the overall energy systems through the utilization of power to heat technologies and heat storage. This makes them a very important factor when it comes to the planning of future energy systems with high shares of intermittent energy sources like wind and PV. The integration and expansion of district heating in existing energy systems, as well as its modernization and upgrade requires extensive planning and mapping of the heating demand to ensure its optimal design from a technical and economic aspect and to maximize the utilization of waste heat sources, geothermal energy and so on. The goal of this work is to present and utilize a heating demand mapping methodology on a case study for the city of Osijek in Croatia. The obtained data has been used to create scenarios for the development of Osijek’s energy system utilizing district heating and renewable ener...
Uporaba centraliziranih toplinskih sustava (CTS) (eng. district heating systems (DHS)) je jedan o... more Uporaba centraliziranih toplinskih sustava (CTS) (eng. district heating systems (DHS)) je jedan od nacina na koji Europska unija nastoji dostici postavljene ciljeve o smanjenju potrosnje primarne energije te diversifikaciji energetskih izvora. Ovakvi sustavi omogucuju iskoristavanje razlicitih izvora energije za zadovoljavanje energetskih potreba stambenih zgrada, poslovnih objekata i industrije, a među njima su i energija dobivena energetskom oporabom otpada te goriva koja je tesko uporabiti za pogon malih toplinskih kotlova (u ovu grupu danas vecinom spada biomasa). U ovome radu je dan pregled 26 energetskih postrojenja koja opskrbljuju postojece CTS-e u zemljama EU. Posebna pozornost se poklonila postrojenjima za termicku obradu otpada (TOO) (eng. waste to energy (WtE) plants) i postrojenjima na biomasu te, da bi se dao cjelovit pregled i omogucila usporedba, dan je pregled i postojecih postrojenja na fosilna goriva. Podatci potrebni za provođenje ekonomske analize mogu se aproks...
The use of district heating systems is one of the ways in which the European Union is trying to r... more The use of district heating systems is one of the ways in which the European Union is trying to reach set goals of reducing primary energy consumption and diversification of energy sources. These systems, which allow the use of different energy sources, such as thermal energy produced in waste to energy plants and fuels that are difficult to use to drive small heat boilers (biomass is classified in this group), are some of them. This paper provides economic viability assessment of technologies for usage of these two local energy sources in the district heating system in the City of Zagreb. Economic evaluation is based on regression analysis from data of existing power plants in the world, and on the locally dependent data. Some of the main parameters that are dependent of location of the plant are price and available quantity of the fuel, therefore these values are separately modelled ; biomass as a function of the location of the plant while municipal waste as a function of locatio...
Uporaba centraliziranih toplinskih sustava (CTS) (eng. district heating systems (DHS)) je jedan o... more Uporaba centraliziranih toplinskih sustava (CTS) (eng. district heating systems (DHS)) je jedan od nacina na koji Europska unija nastoji dostici postavljene ciljeve o smanjenju potrosnje primarne energije te diversifikaciji energetskih izvora. Ovakvi sustavi omogucuju iskoristavanje razlicitih izvora energije za zadovoljavanje energetskih potreba stambenih zgrada, poslovnih objekata i industrije, a među njima su i energija dobivena energetskom oporabom otpada te goriva koja je tesko uporabiti za pogon malih toplinskih kotlova (u ovu grupu danas vecinom spada biomasa). U ovome radu je dan pregled 26 energetskih postrojenja koja opskrbljuju postojece CTS-e u zemljama EU. Posebna pozornost se poklonila postrojenjima za termicku obradu otpada (TOO) (eng. waste to energy (WtE) plants) i postrojenjima na biomasu te, da bi se dao cjelovit pregled i omogucila usporedba, dan je pregled i postojecih postrojenja na fosilna goriva. Podatci potrebni za provođenje ekonomske analize mogu se aproks...
U ovome radu dan je presjek tehnologija za dobivanje elektricne energije iz solarne energije s fo... more U ovome radu dan je presjek tehnologija za dobivanje elektricne energije iz solarne energije s fokusom na solarne toplinske elektrane s parabolicnim kolektorima te su pobliže opisani dijelovi takvog postrojenja kao i objasnjen nacin rada. U drugome dijelu rada iznesena je usporedba organskog Rankinovog ciklusa s parnim Rankinovim ciklusom sto je važno za razumjeti prilikom izvođenja matematickog modela solarne elektrane s organskim Rankinovim cilkusom sto je i temelj ovoga rada. Matematicki model opisan u ovome radu prikazuje matematicki okvir solarne elektrane s kontinuiranom, i sto konstantnijom, proizvodnjom elektricne energije sto je postignuto uporabom toplinskog spremnika. \Na temelju tog matematickog modela izveden je izbor radnog medija ORC-a te je pomocu njega provedena satna simulacija rada elektrane kroz godinu dana. U posljednjem dijelu rada, iz podataka dobivenih simulacijom, određene su potrebne velicine dnevnog toplinskog spremnika za model bez uporabe i s uporabom po...
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