Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook. F.) cultivation is predominantly done by smallholder... more Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook. F.) cultivation is predominantly done by smallholder farmers but scarcity and high cost of inorganic fertilizers have limited its usage and shifted to viable alternative. Field experiments were carried out in the Crop Research Farm, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State Nigeria from November 2018 to August 2019 and from August 2019 to August 2020 cropping seasons to determine the effects of poultry manure (PM) rate and frequency of application on agronomic performance of fresh shoot, pod and seed yields of Telfairia occidentalis. The study involved three rates: 5, 10 and 15 t ha− 1 of PM as main plot and four frequency of PM application: once, twice, thrice and at every harvest and a control plot laid out in split-plot arrangement and fitted into a Randomized Complete Block Design, replicated three times. In 2018, Poultry manure at 15 t ha− 1 increased fresh shoot weight at 6 to 14 weeks after planting (WAP) relative to ...
To increase the yield potential of cassava, the crop had been reported to respond to good soil fe... more To increase the yield potential of cassava, the crop had been reported to respond to good soil fertility and adequate fertilizer. A field experiment was conducted at Federal College of Agriculture, Akure in south western Nigeria to compare the effects of levels of poultry manure (PM) on growth, yield, time of harvest and plant nutrient contents of cassava. Five levels of PM manure (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 tha -1 ), a control treatment (0 tha -1 ) and 120:120:120 kgha -1 NPK (standard check) were compared in a randomised complete block design with three replicates. The growth data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). A combined ANOVA using a variation of a factorial design was used to assess the effects of time of harvest, levels of poultry manure and the possible interaction between time of harvest and levels of poultry manure on yield of cassava. The Duncan multiple range test (P=0.05) was used for mean separation. The test soil was sandy loam and deficient in organic matt...
In 2005, 10 new cassava varieties were officially selected and released to farmers in Nigeria for... more In 2005, 10 new cassava varieties were officially selected and released to farmers in Nigeria for high root yield, high dry matter content and acceptability for food. This work compared in three on farm locations, the root and stem yield of these varieties together with an old improved variety currently in farmers' field. In all the locations, root yield of all the new materials were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the old improved variety. The root yields of the new varieties were between 40%-50% higher than the old improved varieties. Overall yield advantages of the new materials over the old improved material ranged between 40%-150%. Stem yield figures showed significant variations with few of the new varieties producing higher stem yield in comparison with the old improved variety due to inherent growth pattern. Figures for tuber girth and node numbers per unit of stem were similar. The high yield levels of the new varieties might lead to high demand for stems indica...
The study on the evaluation of cowpea varieties for intercropping with okra was conducted during ... more The study on the evaluation of cowpea varieties for intercropping with okra was conducted during the late cropping seasons of 2008 and 2009 at the experimental farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Complete Block Design replicated three times. Four cowpea varieties (oloyin, sokoto, IT84S 2246-6 and IT90K 2772-2) with determinate and indeterminate growth habits were planted as sole crop or intercropped with NHAe-47-4 variety of okra. Land equivalent ratio (LER) used to assess the productivity of the mixtures was consistently greater than unity in all treatments. Okra yield was not significantly reduced by intercropping in both years except in okra + IT84S 22466. Leaf area, LAI, number of flowers/plant and number of pods/plant were not significantly different (P=0.05) except in okra + IT84S 2246-6 in sole and intercrop mixtures. Intercropping enhanced the growth and yield of cowpea varieties compared to sole croppin...
The effect of tillage method and mulching on selected soil physical properties and performance of... more The effect of tillage method and mulching on selected soil physical properties and performance of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) was studied in rainforest zone of South West Nigeria. Treatments were 4 x 2 factorial combination of tillage methods (zero tillage, manual clearing, heap, ridge), 12t/ha dry plant residue mulch, and no mulch. Mulch significantly reduced soil bulk density, temperature, increased moisture content and grain yield especially on heap and ridge compared with no tillage methpds. Ridge and heap increased shoot and root dry matter. Highest yield was recorded for ridge plus mulch, and heap plus mulch. Mulching of heap or ridge increased grain yield by 50%. Keywords: Sorghum, growth, yield, soil, tillage, mu/ch.
Economic profitability of cowpea green manure was evaluated during the 2009-10 pre-cropping seaso... more Economic profitability of cowpea green manure was evaluated during the 2009-10 pre-cropping season using maize as a test crop. The trial involved two varieties of cowpea sown at different dates and a control (with just the native fertility) arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. The economic profitability was evaluated using the returns on the test crop which was planted one week after incorporation of the green manure. Grain yield of the maize was significantly (p<0.05) enhanced by green manuring resulting in 78% returns on investment. Although manuring with both cowpea varieties gave more benefit per dollar invested across the three planting dates when compared with the control. Variety Drum was superior in terms of economic returns and was recommended to grow as early as 10-20 of March.
Abstract Heavy metals sorption behavior and phytoremediative potentials of 14 indigenous tropical... more Abstract Heavy metals sorption behavior and phytoremediative potentials of 14 indigenous tropical plants were evaluated with EDTA and Urea as amendments. Order of preferential sorption of metals are: Pb > Cu > Zn > Cd. In competitive sorption, Pb sorption was increased by 4.98, Cu by 4.24, Zn by 1.40, and Cd by −6 units, implying potential Cd pollution. Order of plants’ dry matter accumulation was: Panicum maximum > Zea mays > Amaranthus cruentus > Vetiveria zizanoides > Andropogon tectorum > Tithonia diversifolia > Ocimum gratissimum. Andropogon tectorum and O. gratissimum preferentially translocate Cu and Zn, while V. zizanoides and Z. mays translocated Zn, Cu, and Pb. Amaranthus cruentus, P. maximum, and T. diversifolia preferentially translocated Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn. The plants are preferentially enriched in Cu and Zn, Pb was selected by P. maximum, T. diversifolia and V. zizanoides. Urea and EDTA enhanced the metal uptake in the plants by 130% and 145%, respectively. Tolerance index (TI) of the plants were reduced by the amendments except in A. tectorum, P. maximum, V. zizanoides, and Z. mays. Amaranthus spinosus, Cassia occidentalis, Pennisetum purpureum, Chromolena odorata, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Hibiscus cannabinus, and Cochorus olitorus could not tolerate the metals.
Devastated tuber rot disease among farmers prompted the evaluation of the elite improved varietie... more Devastated tuber rot disease among farmers prompted the evaluation of the elite improved varieties in the intercrop and the practice of delaying harvesting when there is glut in the market necessitated this study. Trial was carried out at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta between 2011 and 2014 to evaluate yield performance of 21 elite cassava varieties planted as sole crop verse intercropped and harvested at different age. The 2 x 21 x 3 factorial experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The tuber yield obtained from sole plot in 2011/2012 cropping season was significantly higher than intercrop whereas those of 2012/2014 cropping season were similar. Land Equivalent Ratio was above one in both cropping seasons indicating that the performance of the improved varieties in intercrop was efficient. The pooled mean tuber yield showed that TMS 30572, 92/0326, 95/0211, 01/1371, 00/0338, 01/0046, 00/0098, 01/1097, 01/0085, 98/0581...
Two field experiments were conducted on the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University ... more Two field experiments were conducted on the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (7° 15′ N, 3° 25′ E, altitude 140 m above sea level) in south western Nigeria between June and November,
Due to cost, availability and technical reasons, agriculture with high chemical fertilizer input ... more Due to cost, availability and technical reasons, agriculture with high chemical fertilizer input has not been practiced in Nigeria. Animal manures are not available in the required quantities and are often low in one or more of the major nutrients: N, P, and K. This study investigated the effect of an integrated use of organic manures and inorganic fertilizer on cassava production and soil parameters. Single applications of manures and an inorganic fertilizer at recommended rates served as references. Crop responses were highest with integration of manures with no productivity gaps when compared with the rates of single applications of the recommended inorganic fertilizer and manures. Nutrients were made most available when manures were integrated with inorganic fertilizer. Root yield was highest with the integrated use of manures and fertilizer while stem yield was highest with the single applications of manure. Lowest responses were obtained in the control treatment without fertilization for all parameters. Crop and soil productivity can be sustained with the integration of different manures as a viable alternative to the single applications of either manure or inorganic fertilizer.
Poverty is steering at the face of most developing countries particularly the Sub-Sahara Africa i... more Poverty is steering at the face of most developing countries particularly the Sub-Sahara Africa in spite of the abundance inland valleys which have the potential of growing three crops in sequence within a year without irrigation. Inland valleys show considerable potential for intensification and sustainable land use. The potential impact of this valley is related to the presence of water and total areas covered for the production of many food crops. However, they are only marginally utilized. The paper highlighted the abundance of this high potential natural resource, existing cropping systems in the inland valleys of Nigeria. It further elucidated (1) the potential of inland valley as a highly productive agricultural land source for resource poor farmer (2) the research interventions to increase productivity, and 3) other relevant issues pertaining to resilience of the systems, were reported. The yields of crops in inland valleys are generally much higher than on the uplands. The ...
Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook. F.) cultivation is predominantly done by smallholder... more Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook. F.) cultivation is predominantly done by smallholder farmers but scarcity and high cost of inorganic fertilizers have limited its usage and shifted to viable alternative. Field experiments were carried out in the Crop Research Farm, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State Nigeria from November 2018 to August 2019 and from August 2019 to August 2020 cropping seasons to determine the effects of poultry manure (PM) rate and frequency of application on agronomic performance of fresh shoot, pod and seed yields of Telfairia occidentalis. The study involved three rates: 5, 10 and 15 t ha− 1 of PM as main plot and four frequency of PM application: once, twice, thrice and at every harvest and a control plot laid out in split-plot arrangement and fitted into a Randomized Complete Block Design, replicated three times. In 2018, Poultry manure at 15 t ha− 1 increased fresh shoot weight at 6 to 14 weeks after planting (WAP) relative to ...
To increase the yield potential of cassava, the crop had been reported to respond to good soil fe... more To increase the yield potential of cassava, the crop had been reported to respond to good soil fertility and adequate fertilizer. A field experiment was conducted at Federal College of Agriculture, Akure in south western Nigeria to compare the effects of levels of poultry manure (PM) on growth, yield, time of harvest and plant nutrient contents of cassava. Five levels of PM manure (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 tha -1 ), a control treatment (0 tha -1 ) and 120:120:120 kgha -1 NPK (standard check) were compared in a randomised complete block design with three replicates. The growth data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). A combined ANOVA using a variation of a factorial design was used to assess the effects of time of harvest, levels of poultry manure and the possible interaction between time of harvest and levels of poultry manure on yield of cassava. The Duncan multiple range test (P=0.05) was used for mean separation. The test soil was sandy loam and deficient in organic matt...
In 2005, 10 new cassava varieties were officially selected and released to farmers in Nigeria for... more In 2005, 10 new cassava varieties were officially selected and released to farmers in Nigeria for high root yield, high dry matter content and acceptability for food. This work compared in three on farm locations, the root and stem yield of these varieties together with an old improved variety currently in farmers' field. In all the locations, root yield of all the new materials were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the old improved variety. The root yields of the new varieties were between 40%-50% higher than the old improved varieties. Overall yield advantages of the new materials over the old improved material ranged between 40%-150%. Stem yield figures showed significant variations with few of the new varieties producing higher stem yield in comparison with the old improved variety due to inherent growth pattern. Figures for tuber girth and node numbers per unit of stem were similar. The high yield levels of the new varieties might lead to high demand for stems indica...
The study on the evaluation of cowpea varieties for intercropping with okra was conducted during ... more The study on the evaluation of cowpea varieties for intercropping with okra was conducted during the late cropping seasons of 2008 and 2009 at the experimental farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Complete Block Design replicated three times. Four cowpea varieties (oloyin, sokoto, IT84S 2246-6 and IT90K 2772-2) with determinate and indeterminate growth habits were planted as sole crop or intercropped with NHAe-47-4 variety of okra. Land equivalent ratio (LER) used to assess the productivity of the mixtures was consistently greater than unity in all treatments. Okra yield was not significantly reduced by intercropping in both years except in okra + IT84S 22466. Leaf area, LAI, number of flowers/plant and number of pods/plant were not significantly different (P=0.05) except in okra + IT84S 2246-6 in sole and intercrop mixtures. Intercropping enhanced the growth and yield of cowpea varieties compared to sole croppin...
The effect of tillage method and mulching on selected soil physical properties and performance of... more The effect of tillage method and mulching on selected soil physical properties and performance of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) was studied in rainforest zone of South West Nigeria. Treatments were 4 x 2 factorial combination of tillage methods (zero tillage, manual clearing, heap, ridge), 12t/ha dry plant residue mulch, and no mulch. Mulch significantly reduced soil bulk density, temperature, increased moisture content and grain yield especially on heap and ridge compared with no tillage methpds. Ridge and heap increased shoot and root dry matter. Highest yield was recorded for ridge plus mulch, and heap plus mulch. Mulching of heap or ridge increased grain yield by 50%. Keywords: Sorghum, growth, yield, soil, tillage, mu/ch.
Economic profitability of cowpea green manure was evaluated during the 2009-10 pre-cropping seaso... more Economic profitability of cowpea green manure was evaluated during the 2009-10 pre-cropping season using maize as a test crop. The trial involved two varieties of cowpea sown at different dates and a control (with just the native fertility) arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. The economic profitability was evaluated using the returns on the test crop which was planted one week after incorporation of the green manure. Grain yield of the maize was significantly (p<0.05) enhanced by green manuring resulting in 78% returns on investment. Although manuring with both cowpea varieties gave more benefit per dollar invested across the three planting dates when compared with the control. Variety Drum was superior in terms of economic returns and was recommended to grow as early as 10-20 of March.
Abstract Heavy metals sorption behavior and phytoremediative potentials of 14 indigenous tropical... more Abstract Heavy metals sorption behavior and phytoremediative potentials of 14 indigenous tropical plants were evaluated with EDTA and Urea as amendments. Order of preferential sorption of metals are: Pb > Cu > Zn > Cd. In competitive sorption, Pb sorption was increased by 4.98, Cu by 4.24, Zn by 1.40, and Cd by −6 units, implying potential Cd pollution. Order of plants’ dry matter accumulation was: Panicum maximum > Zea mays > Amaranthus cruentus > Vetiveria zizanoides > Andropogon tectorum > Tithonia diversifolia > Ocimum gratissimum. Andropogon tectorum and O. gratissimum preferentially translocate Cu and Zn, while V. zizanoides and Z. mays translocated Zn, Cu, and Pb. Amaranthus cruentus, P. maximum, and T. diversifolia preferentially translocated Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn. The plants are preferentially enriched in Cu and Zn, Pb was selected by P. maximum, T. diversifolia and V. zizanoides. Urea and EDTA enhanced the metal uptake in the plants by 130% and 145%, respectively. Tolerance index (TI) of the plants were reduced by the amendments except in A. tectorum, P. maximum, V. zizanoides, and Z. mays. Amaranthus spinosus, Cassia occidentalis, Pennisetum purpureum, Chromolena odorata, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Hibiscus cannabinus, and Cochorus olitorus could not tolerate the metals.
Devastated tuber rot disease among farmers prompted the evaluation of the elite improved varietie... more Devastated tuber rot disease among farmers prompted the evaluation of the elite improved varieties in the intercrop and the practice of delaying harvesting when there is glut in the market necessitated this study. Trial was carried out at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta between 2011 and 2014 to evaluate yield performance of 21 elite cassava varieties planted as sole crop verse intercropped and harvested at different age. The 2 x 21 x 3 factorial experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The tuber yield obtained from sole plot in 2011/2012 cropping season was significantly higher than intercrop whereas those of 2012/2014 cropping season were similar. Land Equivalent Ratio was above one in both cropping seasons indicating that the performance of the improved varieties in intercrop was efficient. The pooled mean tuber yield showed that TMS 30572, 92/0326, 95/0211, 01/1371, 00/0338, 01/0046, 00/0098, 01/1097, 01/0085, 98/0581...
Two field experiments were conducted on the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University ... more Two field experiments were conducted on the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (7° 15′ N, 3° 25′ E, altitude 140 m above sea level) in south western Nigeria between June and November,
Due to cost, availability and technical reasons, agriculture with high chemical fertilizer input ... more Due to cost, availability and technical reasons, agriculture with high chemical fertilizer input has not been practiced in Nigeria. Animal manures are not available in the required quantities and are often low in one or more of the major nutrients: N, P, and K. This study investigated the effect of an integrated use of organic manures and inorganic fertilizer on cassava production and soil parameters. Single applications of manures and an inorganic fertilizer at recommended rates served as references. Crop responses were highest with integration of manures with no productivity gaps when compared with the rates of single applications of the recommended inorganic fertilizer and manures. Nutrients were made most available when manures were integrated with inorganic fertilizer. Root yield was highest with the integrated use of manures and fertilizer while stem yield was highest with the single applications of manure. Lowest responses were obtained in the control treatment without fertilization for all parameters. Crop and soil productivity can be sustained with the integration of different manures as a viable alternative to the single applications of either manure or inorganic fertilizer.
Poverty is steering at the face of most developing countries particularly the Sub-Sahara Africa i... more Poverty is steering at the face of most developing countries particularly the Sub-Sahara Africa in spite of the abundance inland valleys which have the potential of growing three crops in sequence within a year without irrigation. Inland valleys show considerable potential for intensification and sustainable land use. The potential impact of this valley is related to the presence of water and total areas covered for the production of many food crops. However, they are only marginally utilized. The paper highlighted the abundance of this high potential natural resource, existing cropping systems in the inland valleys of Nigeria. It further elucidated (1) the potential of inland valley as a highly productive agricultural land source for resource poor farmer (2) the research interventions to increase productivity, and 3) other relevant issues pertaining to resilience of the systems, were reported. The yields of crops in inland valleys are generally much higher than on the uplands. The ...
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