The experiment conducted to reformulation of cimetidine antacid into Nano-liposome form for the r... more The experiment conducted to reformulation of cimetidine antacid into Nano-liposome form for the reduction of worsening effect on the male reproductive system. Nano Liposome encapsulated cimetidine was formulated according to Bangham thin-film, in vivo challenge of ordinary and Nanoliopsome formulated form, the forty male mice distributed into 4 groups ten for each according to treatment Control mice: Negative control: Pro liposome dosed mice (Esome): Positive control empty liposome 1% 0.1mg/10g body weight daily orally Cimetidine dosed mice (CIM): 20mg/Kg body weight daily orally Liposome Cimetidine dosed mice (CIMsome): 20 mg/Kg body weight daily orally for 38 days. the liposome cimetidine standardization outcome was driven multi-lamellar;1-3, multi-vesicles type, size ranged 21.6-213.3 nm. The loading efficiency and entrapment percentage of cimetidine liposome 76.13 ± 6.91% and 80.06 ± 5.76 % respectively. The results of body condition of in cimetidine liposome treated group did n...
Preparation and standardization of a novel Nano-liposomal encapsulated Newcastle disease vaccine ... more Preparation and standardization of a novel Nano-liposomal encapsulated Newcastle disease vaccine by two formulated multilamellar and unilamellar liposome encapsulated vaccine via thin film method. Electron and, light microscope scaled the size and lamellar and entrapment of vaccine were standardized of liposome encapsulated Newcastle disease vaccine. The modified virosome offered qualified entrapment percent in unilamellar 84.95±7.53% and multilamellar 76.75±4.59 %, The modified virosome size of unilamellar encapsulated Newcastle disease vaccine was 150±6.66 and multilamellar encapsulated Newcastle disease vaccine 575±4.04. The focus of this research will be to highlight to preparation and standardization of liposome that are relevant for veterinary medicine protected the vaccine from several passage administration pathways and increase circulatory half-life with increase time of vaccine release.
A liposome is considered the most successful new drug delivery system of Nano behavior to improve... more A liposome is considered the most successful new drug delivery system of Nano behavior to improve therapeutic effectiveness, reduced drugs side effects and toxicities and minimized dose administered. The aim of research production of the liposomal tylosin and standardization liposome created from cholesterol by thin-film depressing method, the lipid film hydrated by aqueous phosphate buffer containing tylosin. The liposome entrapment efficiency was 88% multi lamellar and multi vehicles form, with size range nm). The new formula of multi lamellar liposome carrying tylosin was standardized an efficient and positive tolerance to hypo-hypertonic media and pH stability.
INTRODUCTION Several attempting were performed to program animal fertility and upgrading accompli... more INTRODUCTION Several attempting were performed to program animal fertility and upgrading accomplished economically. That done by ability to control animal's date of birth is usually of importance in animal breading of productive animal or animal husbandry. Accordingly, substantial research and development efforts have been directed at controlling the ewe reproductive cycle in order to produce lambs with actual birth dates. [1]
SUMMARY Aim of our present study was to formulate the L-arginine Cefatoxime pessary (Alceco®) by ... more SUMMARY Aim of our present study was to formulate the L-arginine Cefatoxime pessary (Alceco®) by using direct compression of the formulation technique to improve the physical, chemical and pharmaceutical properties of pessary. We were used the L-arginine Cefatoxime as a core drug preparation, as a vaginal tablet shape suitable in applicators it has a display swelling index slightly decrease as compared with pre storage time for 14 hours. On the other hand pre and post storage period were not displayed differences in solubility, So no changes were seen in cumulative release L-arginine during storage period as compared with pre stability study period and L-arginine viability. Finally stability of their properties programed really sophisticated in as vaginal application. The project and right pharmaceutic product was sponsored by ministry of higher education and scientific research; research and development department.
The proposed study was initiated as a result of the first author visit to one of the American hig... more The proposed study was initiated as a result of the first author visit to one of the American higher education institution as a research scholar couple of years ago. He noticed strict measures taken by the IACUC committee (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee) within the university when he wanted to learn certain procedures. He then started to discuss the issue with his faculty associate of the possibility of adopting some kind of guidelines on laboratory animals to be used in Iraqi higher education institutions for research and teaching. To the knowledge of both authors, there is no committee or guidelines on laboratory animals care and use in Iraqi scientific institutions. There was one committee used to look into the ethics of each research proposal years ago and is not functioning at this time and the authors fail to get on touch with any member. This report was sent to the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Iraq through the Iraqi cultural attache for...
Abstract
The present study was done to focus light on
possible enhancement of the functional
perf... more Abstract The present study was done to focus light on possible enhancement of the functional performance of male and female mice sexual activities by using L-arginine as a precursor of nitric oxide. Several pharmaceutical and environmental factors that upset the sexual desire Sequence to impotence or loss libido, according to that the research aimed to explore the reproductive effects of L.arginine and their antagonists on sexual behavior to avoid the sub gender sexuality. The results showed a significant increase in male latency of aggressiveness (second), decrease in frequency of aggressiveness, and decrease in the duration of aggressiveness (second) in L-arginine treated groups and decrease in latency of aggressiveness (second), increase in frequency of aggressiveness, and increase in duration of aggressiveness (second) in both nG - nitro - L.arginine methyl ester and methylene blue treated groups in both periods of treatment 15 and 30 days as compared with control groups. The results of male sexual behaviors showed significant decrease in latency of copulation (second), increase in frequency of copulation (per – hour) and increase in duration of copulation (second) in L-arginine treated groups, while there abolishment of sexual behavior parameters in both nG - nitro - L. arginine methyl ester and methylene blue treated groups in both periods of treatment 15 and 30 days as compared with control groups. The results of female sexual behavior revealed a significant increase in lordosis quotient in L-arginine treated groups and abolished lordosis quotient in both nG - nitro - L. arginine methyl ester and methylene blue treated groups in both periods of treatment 15 and 30 days. The hormonal levels assessment for both genders revealed a significant increase in testosterone, FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone hormonal levels in L-arginine treated groups in male and female mice, respectively. The results indicated that L-arginine – nitric oxide pathway plays an important role in an improving and enhancement of sexual activities in both genders.
Summary
L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway has emerged as novel regulators of several vital roles in... more Summary L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway has emerged as novel regulators of several vital roles in the reproductive function which comprise pregnancy events, such as placental development. This study was done to pharmacologically enhance the performance of female reproductive system by using L-arginine powder as forerunner of nitric oxide. The study protocol consists of total number of 96 pregnant mice divided equally into two main groups (48 animals per group) and handled as follows: 1st Control group given normal saline orally daily and 2nd L-arginine dosed group 200 mg/kg BW 20% orally daily, both groups were randomly divided into four subgroup according to dosed period of pregnancy term, the dosed periods were 1-15 days, 7-15 days, 7-21 days and 15-21 days. Several parameters were evaluated and displayed the following results: L-arginine concentration in uterine tissue was elevated in association with increased body, uterine, placenta and fetus weights. That presumably was controlled by an increase food and water intakes. Hormonal levels (estrogen and progesterone) mainly at 7-21 days and 15-21 days of gestation dosed periods. Those results showed histological and stereological profile which illustrated the activity and enlargement of placental layers acquaintance with increasing blood vessels (angiogenesis and vasodilation) and vascular density (%) especially in 7-21 and 15-21 of dosed gestation periods led to an increase placental volume and geometric parameters (cm), weight (gm) and proportional thickness (cm), vascular density, and blood vessels. Fetal traits parameters, displayed significant statistical values of fetuses and weights in all gestation periods expressed at 15-21 days as the best results. Also, increases other parameters: blood volume, steriometry values, histological assessments and alkaline phosphatase and lactogens values. The endpoints of this study presented the L-arginine donated NO which was capable of increasing remodeling blood supply and improvement of some reproductive phenotypic properties of animal models and significant number of fetuses viability.
Abstract: In this study, investigated whether captopril inhibited steroidogenesis and components ... more Abstract: In this study, investigated whether captopril inhibited steroidogenesis and components of the Leukotriene B4 pathways are involved in GnRH agonist (GnRH)-induced testis steroidogenesis in mice Leydig cells. Primary cultures of mice Leydig cells were established. Purified Leydig cells from adult albino mice were incubated with gradual various concentrations of GnRH with and without Captopril, Luteinizing hormone (LH); LTB4, steroidogenic (testosterone) activity and LTB4 concentration were measured after various time intervals and Leydig cell viability. The maneuvers of Leydig cells treated media was covered the singular and dual actions of antisteroidogenic of captopril and the reversible activity by GnRH-LTB4 as well as contribution of LTB4 in Leydig cells testosterone production endpoint. The different treatment media are Medium alone; Medium plus captopril 60 μM, 65 μM, 70 μM, 75 μM and 80 μM 100 μM; Medium plus 2.5mU/ml leukotriene B4; Medium plus 0.1 mM LH; Medium plus 0.1 μM GnRH; Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4;Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM LH; Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM GnRH; Medium plus 0.1 mM GnRH plus 2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4 and Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM GnRH plus 2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4. Basal testosterone levels were maximal at 0.1 μM GnRH concentration and superior testosterone yield in Leydig cells incubated 0.1 μM GnRH media than without GnRH media, and the activity profile LTB4 flow up. That comparable result led to highly correlated approved the contribution of LTB4 in GnRH stimulated Leydig cell steroidogenic end point. Furthermore captopril had an abolishment effect partially of testosterone yield and recovered and improved by GnRH and LTB4. The Leydig cells viability results suggest that the major effect of GnRH is probably beyond the LTB4. The entire key; GnRH induced testosterone production and upregulated LTB4 Levels at both the captopril inhibitory LTB4-testesteron Leydig cells culture media and captopril abolished LTB4 levels; it also activated endogenous LTB4, but not LH motivated testosterone pathway. Our data show that GnRH positively regulates steroidogenesis via LTB4 signaling in mice Leydig cells. LTB4 activation by GnRH may be responsible for the induction of Ca++ signaling indirect. Possibility improve the captopril steroidogenic disruption in Leydig cells via LTB4 and/or GnRH induction of endogenous LTB4, likewise the positive maintenance of Leydig cells viability matched induce testosterone synthesis. The LTB4 production, which may ultimately modulate steroidogenesis in mice Leydig cells, and promise new antidotal and preventative of captopril adverse effects.
Abstract
The Tunica albuginea surrounding the testis of the great grey kangaroo was thick and the... more Abstract The Tunica albuginea surrounding the testis of the great grey kangaroo was thick and there were large number of Leydig cells present in between the seminiferous tubules. These findings were the striking features among other histological findings of an 18 year old kangaroo which was kept in captivity in Los Angeles zoo all his life. Eighteen year old great grey kangaroo testes, epididymis and ductus deferens were collected and processed using standard histologic techniques. The animal was kept all his life in captivity in LA zoo. Two different stains were used to differentiate tissues and cells. Histological characteristics of all organs under study were found to be similar to other animal species of younger age with few striking exceptions. The Tunica albuginea was very thick and large number of Leydig cells was present between the seminiferous tubules. Animals in captivity with excellent care and veterinary services will continue to be fertile and actively producing sperms when compared to animals of the same age live in the wild.
The experiment conducted to reformulation of cimetidine antacid into Nano-liposome form for the r... more The experiment conducted to reformulation of cimetidine antacid into Nano-liposome form for the reduction of worsening effect on the male reproductive system. Nano Liposome encapsulated cimetidine was formulated according to Bangham thin-film, in vivo challenge of ordinary and Nanoliopsome formulated form, the forty male mice distributed into 4 groups ten for each according to treatment Control mice: Negative control: Pro liposome dosed mice (Esome): Positive control empty liposome 1% 0.1mg/10g body weight daily orally Cimetidine dosed mice (CIM): 20mg/Kg body weight daily orally Liposome Cimetidine dosed mice (CIMsome): 20 mg/Kg body weight daily orally for 38 days. the liposome cimetidine standardization outcome was driven multi-lamellar;1-3, multi-vesicles type, size ranged 21.6-213.3 nm. The loading efficiency and entrapment percentage of cimetidine liposome 76.13 ± 6.91% and 80.06 ± 5.76 % respectively. The results of body condition of in cimetidine liposome treated group did n...
Preparation and standardization of a novel Nano-liposomal encapsulated Newcastle disease vaccine ... more Preparation and standardization of a novel Nano-liposomal encapsulated Newcastle disease vaccine by two formulated multilamellar and unilamellar liposome encapsulated vaccine via thin film method. Electron and, light microscope scaled the size and lamellar and entrapment of vaccine were standardized of liposome encapsulated Newcastle disease vaccine. The modified virosome offered qualified entrapment percent in unilamellar 84.95±7.53% and multilamellar 76.75±4.59 %, The modified virosome size of unilamellar encapsulated Newcastle disease vaccine was 150±6.66 and multilamellar encapsulated Newcastle disease vaccine 575±4.04. The focus of this research will be to highlight to preparation and standardization of liposome that are relevant for veterinary medicine protected the vaccine from several passage administration pathways and increase circulatory half-life with increase time of vaccine release.
A liposome is considered the most successful new drug delivery system of Nano behavior to improve... more A liposome is considered the most successful new drug delivery system of Nano behavior to improve therapeutic effectiveness, reduced drugs side effects and toxicities and minimized dose administered. The aim of research production of the liposomal tylosin and standardization liposome created from cholesterol by thin-film depressing method, the lipid film hydrated by aqueous phosphate buffer containing tylosin. The liposome entrapment efficiency was 88% multi lamellar and multi vehicles form, with size range nm). The new formula of multi lamellar liposome carrying tylosin was standardized an efficient and positive tolerance to hypo-hypertonic media and pH stability.
INTRODUCTION Several attempting were performed to program animal fertility and upgrading accompli... more INTRODUCTION Several attempting were performed to program animal fertility and upgrading accomplished economically. That done by ability to control animal's date of birth is usually of importance in animal breading of productive animal or animal husbandry. Accordingly, substantial research and development efforts have been directed at controlling the ewe reproductive cycle in order to produce lambs with actual birth dates. [1]
SUMMARY Aim of our present study was to formulate the L-arginine Cefatoxime pessary (Alceco®) by ... more SUMMARY Aim of our present study was to formulate the L-arginine Cefatoxime pessary (Alceco®) by using direct compression of the formulation technique to improve the physical, chemical and pharmaceutical properties of pessary. We were used the L-arginine Cefatoxime as a core drug preparation, as a vaginal tablet shape suitable in applicators it has a display swelling index slightly decrease as compared with pre storage time for 14 hours. On the other hand pre and post storage period were not displayed differences in solubility, So no changes were seen in cumulative release L-arginine during storage period as compared with pre stability study period and L-arginine viability. Finally stability of their properties programed really sophisticated in as vaginal application. The project and right pharmaceutic product was sponsored by ministry of higher education and scientific research; research and development department.
The proposed study was initiated as a result of the first author visit to one of the American hig... more The proposed study was initiated as a result of the first author visit to one of the American higher education institution as a research scholar couple of years ago. He noticed strict measures taken by the IACUC committee (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee) within the university when he wanted to learn certain procedures. He then started to discuss the issue with his faculty associate of the possibility of adopting some kind of guidelines on laboratory animals to be used in Iraqi higher education institutions for research and teaching. To the knowledge of both authors, there is no committee or guidelines on laboratory animals care and use in Iraqi scientific institutions. There was one committee used to look into the ethics of each research proposal years ago and is not functioning at this time and the authors fail to get on touch with any member. This report was sent to the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Iraq through the Iraqi cultural attache for...
Abstract
The present study was done to focus light on
possible enhancement of the functional
perf... more Abstract The present study was done to focus light on possible enhancement of the functional performance of male and female mice sexual activities by using L-arginine as a precursor of nitric oxide. Several pharmaceutical and environmental factors that upset the sexual desire Sequence to impotence or loss libido, according to that the research aimed to explore the reproductive effects of L.arginine and their antagonists on sexual behavior to avoid the sub gender sexuality. The results showed a significant increase in male latency of aggressiveness (second), decrease in frequency of aggressiveness, and decrease in the duration of aggressiveness (second) in L-arginine treated groups and decrease in latency of aggressiveness (second), increase in frequency of aggressiveness, and increase in duration of aggressiveness (second) in both nG - nitro - L.arginine methyl ester and methylene blue treated groups in both periods of treatment 15 and 30 days as compared with control groups. The results of male sexual behaviors showed significant decrease in latency of copulation (second), increase in frequency of copulation (per – hour) and increase in duration of copulation (second) in L-arginine treated groups, while there abolishment of sexual behavior parameters in both nG - nitro - L. arginine methyl ester and methylene blue treated groups in both periods of treatment 15 and 30 days as compared with control groups. The results of female sexual behavior revealed a significant increase in lordosis quotient in L-arginine treated groups and abolished lordosis quotient in both nG - nitro - L. arginine methyl ester and methylene blue treated groups in both periods of treatment 15 and 30 days. The hormonal levels assessment for both genders revealed a significant increase in testosterone, FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone hormonal levels in L-arginine treated groups in male and female mice, respectively. The results indicated that L-arginine – nitric oxide pathway plays an important role in an improving and enhancement of sexual activities in both genders.
Summary
L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway has emerged as novel regulators of several vital roles in... more Summary L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway has emerged as novel regulators of several vital roles in the reproductive function which comprise pregnancy events, such as placental development. This study was done to pharmacologically enhance the performance of female reproductive system by using L-arginine powder as forerunner of nitric oxide. The study protocol consists of total number of 96 pregnant mice divided equally into two main groups (48 animals per group) and handled as follows: 1st Control group given normal saline orally daily and 2nd L-arginine dosed group 200 mg/kg BW 20% orally daily, both groups were randomly divided into four subgroup according to dosed period of pregnancy term, the dosed periods were 1-15 days, 7-15 days, 7-21 days and 15-21 days. Several parameters were evaluated and displayed the following results: L-arginine concentration in uterine tissue was elevated in association with increased body, uterine, placenta and fetus weights. That presumably was controlled by an increase food and water intakes. Hormonal levels (estrogen and progesterone) mainly at 7-21 days and 15-21 days of gestation dosed periods. Those results showed histological and stereological profile which illustrated the activity and enlargement of placental layers acquaintance with increasing blood vessels (angiogenesis and vasodilation) and vascular density (%) especially in 7-21 and 15-21 of dosed gestation periods led to an increase placental volume and geometric parameters (cm), weight (gm) and proportional thickness (cm), vascular density, and blood vessels. Fetal traits parameters, displayed significant statistical values of fetuses and weights in all gestation periods expressed at 15-21 days as the best results. Also, increases other parameters: blood volume, steriometry values, histological assessments and alkaline phosphatase and lactogens values. The endpoints of this study presented the L-arginine donated NO which was capable of increasing remodeling blood supply and improvement of some reproductive phenotypic properties of animal models and significant number of fetuses viability.
Abstract: In this study, investigated whether captopril inhibited steroidogenesis and components ... more Abstract: In this study, investigated whether captopril inhibited steroidogenesis and components of the Leukotriene B4 pathways are involved in GnRH agonist (GnRH)-induced testis steroidogenesis in mice Leydig cells. Primary cultures of mice Leydig cells were established. Purified Leydig cells from adult albino mice were incubated with gradual various concentrations of GnRH with and without Captopril, Luteinizing hormone (LH); LTB4, steroidogenic (testosterone) activity and LTB4 concentration were measured after various time intervals and Leydig cell viability. The maneuvers of Leydig cells treated media was covered the singular and dual actions of antisteroidogenic of captopril and the reversible activity by GnRH-LTB4 as well as contribution of LTB4 in Leydig cells testosterone production endpoint. The different treatment media are Medium alone; Medium plus captopril 60 μM, 65 μM, 70 μM, 75 μM and 80 μM 100 μM; Medium plus 2.5mU/ml leukotriene B4; Medium plus 0.1 mM LH; Medium plus 0.1 μM GnRH; Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4;Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM LH; Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM GnRH; Medium plus 0.1 mM GnRH plus 2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4 and Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM GnRH plus 2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4. Basal testosterone levels were maximal at 0.1 μM GnRH concentration and superior testosterone yield in Leydig cells incubated 0.1 μM GnRH media than without GnRH media, and the activity profile LTB4 flow up. That comparable result led to highly correlated approved the contribution of LTB4 in GnRH stimulated Leydig cell steroidogenic end point. Furthermore captopril had an abolishment effect partially of testosterone yield and recovered and improved by GnRH and LTB4. The Leydig cells viability results suggest that the major effect of GnRH is probably beyond the LTB4. The entire key; GnRH induced testosterone production and upregulated LTB4 Levels at both the captopril inhibitory LTB4-testesteron Leydig cells culture media and captopril abolished LTB4 levels; it also activated endogenous LTB4, but not LH motivated testosterone pathway. Our data show that GnRH positively regulates steroidogenesis via LTB4 signaling in mice Leydig cells. LTB4 activation by GnRH may be responsible for the induction of Ca++ signaling indirect. Possibility improve the captopril steroidogenic disruption in Leydig cells via LTB4 and/or GnRH induction of endogenous LTB4, likewise the positive maintenance of Leydig cells viability matched induce testosterone synthesis. The LTB4 production, which may ultimately modulate steroidogenesis in mice Leydig cells, and promise new antidotal and preventative of captopril adverse effects.
Abstract
The Tunica albuginea surrounding the testis of the great grey kangaroo was thick and the... more Abstract The Tunica albuginea surrounding the testis of the great grey kangaroo was thick and there were large number of Leydig cells present in between the seminiferous tubules. These findings were the striking features among other histological findings of an 18 year old kangaroo which was kept in captivity in Los Angeles zoo all his life. Eighteen year old great grey kangaroo testes, epididymis and ductus deferens were collected and processed using standard histologic techniques. The animal was kept all his life in captivity in LA zoo. Two different stains were used to differentiate tissues and cells. Histological characteristics of all organs under study were found to be similar to other animal species of younger age with few striking exceptions. The Tunica albuginea was very thick and large number of Leydig cells was present between the seminiferous tubules. Animals in captivity with excellent care and veterinary services will continue to be fertile and actively producing sperms when compared to animals of the same age live in the wild.
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Papers by Mohanad Al-Bayati
The present study was done to focus light on
possible enhancement of the functional
performance of male and female mice sexual
activities by using L-arginine as a precursor of nitric
oxide. Several pharmaceutical and environmental
factors that upset the sexual desire Sequence to
impotence or loss libido, according to that the
research aimed to explore the reproductive effects
of L.arginine and their antagonists on sexual
behavior to avoid the sub gender sexuality. The
results showed a significant increase in male
latency of aggressiveness (second), decrease in
frequency of aggressiveness, and decrease in the
duration of aggressiveness (second) in L-arginine
treated groups and decrease in latency of
aggressiveness (second), increase in frequency of
aggressiveness, and increase in duration of
aggressiveness (second) in both nG - nitro -
L.arginine methyl ester and methylene blue treated
groups in both periods of treatment 15 and 30 days
as compared with control groups. The results of
male sexual behaviors showed significant decrease
in latency of copulation (second), increase in
frequency of copulation (per – hour) and increase in
duration of copulation (second) in L-arginine treated
groups, while there abolishment of sexual behavior
parameters in both nG - nitro - L. arginine methyl
ester and methylene blue treated groups in both
periods of treatment 15 and 30 days as compared
with control groups. The results of female sexual
behavior revealed a significant increase in lordosis
quotient in L-arginine treated groups and abolished
lordosis quotient in both nG - nitro - L. arginine
methyl ester and methylene blue treated groups in
both periods of treatment 15 and 30 days. The
hormonal levels assessment for both genders
revealed a significant increase in testosterone,
FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone hormonal
levels in L-arginine treated groups in male and
female mice, respectively. The results indicated that
L-arginine – nitric oxide pathway plays an important
role in an improving and enhancement of sexual
activities in both genders.
L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway has emerged as novel regulators of several vital roles in the reproductive function
which comprise pregnancy events, such as placental development. This study was done to pharmacologically
enhance the performance of female reproductive system by using L-arginine powder as forerunner of nitric oxide.
The study protocol consists of total number of 96 pregnant mice divided equally into two main groups (48 animals
per group) and handled as follows: 1st Control group given normal saline orally daily and 2nd L-arginine dosed group
200 mg/kg BW 20% orally daily, both groups were randomly divided into four subgroup according to dosed period of
pregnancy term, the dosed periods were 1-15 days, 7-15 days, 7-21 days and 15-21 days.
Several parameters were evaluated and displayed the following results: L-arginine concentration in uterine
tissue was elevated in association with increased body, uterine, placenta and fetus weights. That presumably was
controlled by an increase food and water intakes. Hormonal levels (estrogen and progesterone) mainly at 7-21
days and 15-21 days of gestation dosed periods. Those results showed histological and stereological profile which
illustrated the activity and enlargement of placental layers acquaintance with increasing blood vessels (angiogenesis
and vasodilation) and vascular density (%) especially in 7-21 and 15-21 of dosed gestation periods led to an increase
placental volume and geometric parameters (cm), weight (gm) and proportional thickness (cm), vascular density, and
blood vessels. Fetal traits parameters, displayed significant statistical values of fetuses and weights in all gestation
periods expressed at 15-21 days as the best results. Also, increases other parameters: blood volume, steriometry
values, histological assessments and alkaline phosphatase and lactogens values. The endpoints of this study
presented the L-arginine donated NO which was capable of increasing remodeling blood supply and improvement of
some reproductive phenotypic properties of animal models and significant number of fetuses viability.
pathways are involved in GnRH agonist (GnRH)-induced testis steroidogenesis in mice Leydig cells. Primary cultures of mice
Leydig cells were established. Purified Leydig cells from adult albino mice were incubated with gradual various concentrations
of GnRH with and without Captopril, Luteinizing hormone (LH); LTB4, steroidogenic (testosterone) activity and LTB4
concentration were measured after various time intervals and Leydig cell viability. The maneuvers of Leydig cells treated
media was covered the singular and dual actions of antisteroidogenic of captopril and the reversible activity by GnRH-LTB4 as
well as contribution of LTB4 in Leydig cells testosterone production endpoint. The different treatment media are Medium
alone; Medium plus captopril 60 μM, 65 μM, 70 μM, 75 μM and 80 μM 100 μM; Medium plus 2.5mU/ml leukotriene B4;
Medium plus 0.1 mM LH; Medium plus 0.1 μM GnRH; Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4;Medium
plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM LH; Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM GnRH; Medium plus 0.1 mM GnRH plus
2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4 and Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM GnRH plus 2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4. Basal
testosterone levels were maximal at 0.1 μM GnRH concentration and superior testosterone yield in Leydig cells incubated 0.1
μM GnRH media than without GnRH media, and the activity profile LTB4 flow up. That comparable result led to highly
correlated approved the contribution of LTB4 in GnRH stimulated Leydig cell steroidogenic end point. Furthermore captopril
had an abolishment effect partially of testosterone yield and recovered and improved by GnRH and LTB4. The Leydig cells
viability results suggest that the major effect of GnRH is probably beyond the LTB4. The entire key; GnRH induced
testosterone production and upregulated LTB4 Levels at both the captopril inhibitory LTB4-testesteron Leydig cells culture
media and captopril abolished LTB4 levels; it also activated endogenous LTB4, but not LH motivated testosterone pathway. Our
data show that GnRH positively regulates steroidogenesis via LTB4 signaling in mice Leydig cells. LTB4 activation by GnRH
may be responsible for the induction of Ca++ signaling indirect. Possibility improve the captopril steroidogenic disruption in
Leydig cells via LTB4 and/or GnRH induction of endogenous LTB4, likewise the positive maintenance of Leydig cells viability
matched induce testosterone synthesis. The LTB4 production, which may ultimately modulate steroidogenesis in mice Leydig
cells, and promise new antidotal and preventative of captopril adverse effects.
The Tunica albuginea surrounding the testis of the great grey kangaroo was thick and there were large number
of Leydig cells present in between the seminiferous tubules. These findings were the striking features among other
histological findings of an 18 year old kangaroo which was kept in captivity in Los Angeles zoo all his life.
Eighteen year old great grey kangaroo testes, epididymis and ductus deferens were collected and processed
using standard histologic techniques. The animal was kept all his life in captivity in LA zoo. Two different stains were
used to differentiate tissues and cells. Histological characteristics of all organs under study were found to be similar
to other animal species of younger age with few striking exceptions. The Tunica albuginea was very thick and large
number of Leydig cells was present between the seminiferous tubules. Animals in captivity with excellent care and
veterinary services will continue to be fertile and actively producing sperms when compared to animals of the same
age live in the wild.
The present study was done to focus light on
possible enhancement of the functional
performance of male and female mice sexual
activities by using L-arginine as a precursor of nitric
oxide. Several pharmaceutical and environmental
factors that upset the sexual desire Sequence to
impotence or loss libido, according to that the
research aimed to explore the reproductive effects
of L.arginine and their antagonists on sexual
behavior to avoid the sub gender sexuality. The
results showed a significant increase in male
latency of aggressiveness (second), decrease in
frequency of aggressiveness, and decrease in the
duration of aggressiveness (second) in L-arginine
treated groups and decrease in latency of
aggressiveness (second), increase in frequency of
aggressiveness, and increase in duration of
aggressiveness (second) in both nG - nitro -
L.arginine methyl ester and methylene blue treated
groups in both periods of treatment 15 and 30 days
as compared with control groups. The results of
male sexual behaviors showed significant decrease
in latency of copulation (second), increase in
frequency of copulation (per – hour) and increase in
duration of copulation (second) in L-arginine treated
groups, while there abolishment of sexual behavior
parameters in both nG - nitro - L. arginine methyl
ester and methylene blue treated groups in both
periods of treatment 15 and 30 days as compared
with control groups. The results of female sexual
behavior revealed a significant increase in lordosis
quotient in L-arginine treated groups and abolished
lordosis quotient in both nG - nitro - L. arginine
methyl ester and methylene blue treated groups in
both periods of treatment 15 and 30 days. The
hormonal levels assessment for both genders
revealed a significant increase in testosterone,
FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone hormonal
levels in L-arginine treated groups in male and
female mice, respectively. The results indicated that
L-arginine – nitric oxide pathway plays an important
role in an improving and enhancement of sexual
activities in both genders.
L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway has emerged as novel regulators of several vital roles in the reproductive function
which comprise pregnancy events, such as placental development. This study was done to pharmacologically
enhance the performance of female reproductive system by using L-arginine powder as forerunner of nitric oxide.
The study protocol consists of total number of 96 pregnant mice divided equally into two main groups (48 animals
per group) and handled as follows: 1st Control group given normal saline orally daily and 2nd L-arginine dosed group
200 mg/kg BW 20% orally daily, both groups were randomly divided into four subgroup according to dosed period of
pregnancy term, the dosed periods were 1-15 days, 7-15 days, 7-21 days and 15-21 days.
Several parameters were evaluated and displayed the following results: L-arginine concentration in uterine
tissue was elevated in association with increased body, uterine, placenta and fetus weights. That presumably was
controlled by an increase food and water intakes. Hormonal levels (estrogen and progesterone) mainly at 7-21
days and 15-21 days of gestation dosed periods. Those results showed histological and stereological profile which
illustrated the activity and enlargement of placental layers acquaintance with increasing blood vessels (angiogenesis
and vasodilation) and vascular density (%) especially in 7-21 and 15-21 of dosed gestation periods led to an increase
placental volume and geometric parameters (cm), weight (gm) and proportional thickness (cm), vascular density, and
blood vessels. Fetal traits parameters, displayed significant statistical values of fetuses and weights in all gestation
periods expressed at 15-21 days as the best results. Also, increases other parameters: blood volume, steriometry
values, histological assessments and alkaline phosphatase and lactogens values. The endpoints of this study
presented the L-arginine donated NO which was capable of increasing remodeling blood supply and improvement of
some reproductive phenotypic properties of animal models and significant number of fetuses viability.
pathways are involved in GnRH agonist (GnRH)-induced testis steroidogenesis in mice Leydig cells. Primary cultures of mice
Leydig cells were established. Purified Leydig cells from adult albino mice were incubated with gradual various concentrations
of GnRH with and without Captopril, Luteinizing hormone (LH); LTB4, steroidogenic (testosterone) activity and LTB4
concentration were measured after various time intervals and Leydig cell viability. The maneuvers of Leydig cells treated
media was covered the singular and dual actions of antisteroidogenic of captopril and the reversible activity by GnRH-LTB4 as
well as contribution of LTB4 in Leydig cells testosterone production endpoint. The different treatment media are Medium
alone; Medium plus captopril 60 μM, 65 μM, 70 μM, 75 μM and 80 μM 100 μM; Medium plus 2.5mU/ml leukotriene B4;
Medium plus 0.1 mM LH; Medium plus 0.1 μM GnRH; Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4;Medium
plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM LH; Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM GnRH; Medium plus 0.1 mM GnRH plus
2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4 and Medium plus 65 μM captopril plus 0.1 mM GnRH plus 2.5 mU/ml leukotriene B4. Basal
testosterone levels were maximal at 0.1 μM GnRH concentration and superior testosterone yield in Leydig cells incubated 0.1
μM GnRH media than without GnRH media, and the activity profile LTB4 flow up. That comparable result led to highly
correlated approved the contribution of LTB4 in GnRH stimulated Leydig cell steroidogenic end point. Furthermore captopril
had an abolishment effect partially of testosterone yield and recovered and improved by GnRH and LTB4. The Leydig cells
viability results suggest that the major effect of GnRH is probably beyond the LTB4. The entire key; GnRH induced
testosterone production and upregulated LTB4 Levels at both the captopril inhibitory LTB4-testesteron Leydig cells culture
media and captopril abolished LTB4 levels; it also activated endogenous LTB4, but not LH motivated testosterone pathway. Our
data show that GnRH positively regulates steroidogenesis via LTB4 signaling in mice Leydig cells. LTB4 activation by GnRH
may be responsible for the induction of Ca++ signaling indirect. Possibility improve the captopril steroidogenic disruption in
Leydig cells via LTB4 and/or GnRH induction of endogenous LTB4, likewise the positive maintenance of Leydig cells viability
matched induce testosterone synthesis. The LTB4 production, which may ultimately modulate steroidogenesis in mice Leydig
cells, and promise new antidotal and preventative of captopril adverse effects.
The Tunica albuginea surrounding the testis of the great grey kangaroo was thick and there were large number
of Leydig cells present in between the seminiferous tubules. These findings were the striking features among other
histological findings of an 18 year old kangaroo which was kept in captivity in Los Angeles zoo all his life.
Eighteen year old great grey kangaroo testes, epididymis and ductus deferens were collected and processed
using standard histologic techniques. The animal was kept all his life in captivity in LA zoo. Two different stains were
used to differentiate tissues and cells. Histological characteristics of all organs under study were found to be similar
to other animal species of younger age with few striking exceptions. The Tunica albuginea was very thick and large
number of Leydig cells was present between the seminiferous tubules. Animals in captivity with excellent care and
veterinary services will continue to be fertile and actively producing sperms when compared to animals of the same
age live in the wild.