The sequence of alterations in the concentrations of blood glucose and the compositions of differ... more The sequence of alterations in the concentrations of blood glucose and the compositions of different serum lipids following fasting in Ramadan is not known We therefore monitored the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) as well as blood glucose. Fasting blood samples were taken from 50 healthy volunteers at the beginning, during Ramadan and then 30 days following Ramadan. Blood analysis was determined for glucose and lipid profile. Results showed non significant increase in the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C during the first 9 days of fasting in Ramadan. This was followed by a decrease in their concentration after 18 days of fast, which tend to rise progressively by the end of Ramadan reaching their initial values 30 days later. No changes were found in VLDL-C through out the study. HDL-C concentration showed a gradual a...
Background Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a chronic condition that impacts the nutritional status an... more Background Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a chronic condition that impacts the nutritional status and growth of patients through various mechanisms. Objectives This case–control study aimed to determine the growth patterns and nutritional status of pediatric patients with SCA and to investigate the effects of selected clinical, hematological, and biochemical parameters on nutritional status. Patients and methods The study included 168 children and adolescents with SCA (in a steady state) and 181 healthy children as a control group. Data (anthropometry, complete blood count, and levels of lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, zinc, and copper) were evaluated for both groups. The WHO Child Growth Standards were used to assess the nutritional status of participants. Results Underweight, stunting, and wasting were detected in 13.55, 25.25, and 12.5% of patients with SCA compared with 2.6, 2.75, and 2.20% of healthy children and adolescents, respectively (P<0.05). In contrast, 8.33% of patients and 7.18% of individuals in the control group were overweight and obese, respectively. The weight curve at the age of 6–7 years in women and 9–10 years in men was significantly lower among patients with SCA than the control group. While the height curve started to decrease significantly at the age of 8–9 years in male patients and more than or equal to 11 years in female patients compared with the control group. Age of patients and high C-reactive protein levels were independent risk factors for stunting. Meanwhile, number of hospital admissions/year were independent risk factors for wasting. Conclusion A high prevalence of poor growth was observed in children with SCA, and the weight curve started to decrease earlier in women, while the height curve decreased earlier in men. Stunting was the most common nutritional problem and was positively associated with the age of patients.
Background. Iron deposition in the body can damage the endocrine glands of patients withβ-thalass... more Background. Iron deposition in the body can damage the endocrine glands of patients withβ-thalassaemia major (β-TM). Leptin plays a key role in the regulation of appetite, body fat mass, and endocrine function.Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum leptin and growth and pubertal development in patients withβ-TM, as well as whether serum leptin can predict growth retardation and delayed puberty in these patients.Methods. Fiftyβ-TM patients (aged 8–20 years) and 75 age-matched healthy controls were recruited. Anthropometric data and sexual maturity ratings were assessed. Serum leptin was measured by ELISA.Results. Serum leptin levels were significantly lower in patients withβ-TM than in healthy individuals (P<0.001). Leptin levels were also significantly reduced in female patients with short stature (P<0.002) and in patients who displayed delayed puberty (P=0.032) compared to those with normal stature who had reached puberty. The sensitivity of l...
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on the serum l... more The aim of this study was to determine the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on the serum level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in men in Basrah, Iraq. A case-control study was done including 70 confirmed type 2 diabetic patients and 70 non-diabetic persons. Data about age and family history of diabetes were collected. For diabetic patients, data related to disease history were also enquired about. Weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Blood examination was done to estimate fasting plasma glucose and PSA. The mean ages of diabetic and non-diabetic patients were 55.2 ± 10.5 and 55.9 ± 10.9 years, respectively. The mean total serum PSA was significantly lower among diabetic than non-diabetic men (1.97 ± 1.05 ng/ml vs. 2.60 ± 1.22 ng/ml, respectively, P = 0.001). The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, DM and BMI were independent predictors of serum PSA variation. Age was significantly related to PSA in non-diabetics, bu...
Objective: To evaluate the degree of glycaemic control among diabetic patients. Methods: The stud... more Objective: To evaluate the degree of glycaemic control among diabetic patients. Methods: The study included 156 diabetic patients (64 with insulin – dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 92 with non insulin – dependent diabetes mellitus ( NIDDM) ), and 120 control subject. The parameters measured were fasting blood glucose (FBG) and the level of glycated haemoglobin (Hb A1c). Results: HbA1c level was significantly higher among diabetic patients (both IDDM and NIDDM) compared to controls (P<0.001). Also, 43.8% of IDDM patients and 63.0% of NIDDM patients were in poor glycaemic control. Conclusion: substantial proportion of diabetic patients are in poor metabolic control , and hence, more prone to early diabetic complications.
Serum vitamin C status was studied in 50 children (29males and 21females) with insulin dependent ... more Serum vitamin C status was studied in 50 children (29males and 21females) with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus admitted to Basrah maternity and children hospital, from the period of June 2001 till May 2002. 54 healthy children (31 males and 23 females) admitted to the same hospital with acute illnesses like chest infection were randomly selected as a controls. Low serum vitamin C level was detected in (44%) of diabetic children compared to (7.41%) of the control group which was highly significant (P<0.001). The two groups differ significantly in the frequency of consuming fruits per week and serum C-reactive protein (P<0.01). In diabetic children with low serum vitamin C level, the frequency of fruit consumption per week was significantly lower than those with normal vitamin C level. In regard to serum C-reactive protein,(70.6%)of positive cases were presented in children with low serum vitamin C level while only(29.4%)of positive cases occurred in those with normal serum ...
Result: The mean LDH level was significantly higher in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (P<0... more Result: The mean LDH level was significantly higher in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (P<0.001) as compared to other groups of malignancy. Higher LDH levels in ALL were associated with high leukocyte counts and blast cells (r=0.46, P<0.04, and r=0.84, P<0.001) respectively. A significantly reduced level of LDH was observed in ALL only after induction of chemotherapy (P<0.01). In solid tumors however, specially lymphoma (NHL, Hodgkin's), high LDH levels correlated with extent of tumor mass or stage of disease.
The sequence of alterations in the concentrations of blood glucose and the compositions of differ... more The sequence of alterations in the concentrations of blood glucose and the compositions of different serum lipids following fasting in Ramadan is not known We therefore monitored the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) as well as blood glucose. Fasting blood samples were taken from 50 healthy volunteers at the beginning, during Ramadan and then 30 days following Ramadan. Blood analysis was determined for glucose and lipid profile. Results showed non significant increase in the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C during the first 9 days of fasting in Ramadan. This was followed by a decrease in their concentration after 18 days of fast, which tend to rise progressively by the end of Ramadan reaching their initial values 30 days later. No changes were found in VLDL-C through out the study. HDL-C concentration showed a gradual a...
Background Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a chronic condition that impacts the nutritional status an... more Background Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a chronic condition that impacts the nutritional status and growth of patients through various mechanisms. Objectives This case–control study aimed to determine the growth patterns and nutritional status of pediatric patients with SCA and to investigate the effects of selected clinical, hematological, and biochemical parameters on nutritional status. Patients and methods The study included 168 children and adolescents with SCA (in a steady state) and 181 healthy children as a control group. Data (anthropometry, complete blood count, and levels of lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, zinc, and copper) were evaluated for both groups. The WHO Child Growth Standards were used to assess the nutritional status of participants. Results Underweight, stunting, and wasting were detected in 13.55, 25.25, and 12.5% of patients with SCA compared with 2.6, 2.75, and 2.20% of healthy children and adolescents, respectively (P<0.05). In contrast, 8.33% of patients and 7.18% of individuals in the control group were overweight and obese, respectively. The weight curve at the age of 6–7 years in women and 9–10 years in men was significantly lower among patients with SCA than the control group. While the height curve started to decrease significantly at the age of 8–9 years in male patients and more than or equal to 11 years in female patients compared with the control group. Age of patients and high C-reactive protein levels were independent risk factors for stunting. Meanwhile, number of hospital admissions/year were independent risk factors for wasting. Conclusion A high prevalence of poor growth was observed in children with SCA, and the weight curve started to decrease earlier in women, while the height curve decreased earlier in men. Stunting was the most common nutritional problem and was positively associated with the age of patients.
Background. Iron deposition in the body can damage the endocrine glands of patients withβ-thalass... more Background. Iron deposition in the body can damage the endocrine glands of patients withβ-thalassaemia major (β-TM). Leptin plays a key role in the regulation of appetite, body fat mass, and endocrine function.Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum leptin and growth and pubertal development in patients withβ-TM, as well as whether serum leptin can predict growth retardation and delayed puberty in these patients.Methods. Fiftyβ-TM patients (aged 8–20 years) and 75 age-matched healthy controls were recruited. Anthropometric data and sexual maturity ratings were assessed. Serum leptin was measured by ELISA.Results. Serum leptin levels were significantly lower in patients withβ-TM than in healthy individuals (P<0.001). Leptin levels were also significantly reduced in female patients with short stature (P<0.002) and in patients who displayed delayed puberty (P=0.032) compared to those with normal stature who had reached puberty. The sensitivity of l...
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on the serum l... more The aim of this study was to determine the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on the serum level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in men in Basrah, Iraq. A case-control study was done including 70 confirmed type 2 diabetic patients and 70 non-diabetic persons. Data about age and family history of diabetes were collected. For diabetic patients, data related to disease history were also enquired about. Weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Blood examination was done to estimate fasting plasma glucose and PSA. The mean ages of diabetic and non-diabetic patients were 55.2 ± 10.5 and 55.9 ± 10.9 years, respectively. The mean total serum PSA was significantly lower among diabetic than non-diabetic men (1.97 ± 1.05 ng/ml vs. 2.60 ± 1.22 ng/ml, respectively, P = 0.001). The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, DM and BMI were independent predictors of serum PSA variation. Age was significantly related to PSA in non-diabetics, bu...
Objective: To evaluate the degree of glycaemic control among diabetic patients. Methods: The stud... more Objective: To evaluate the degree of glycaemic control among diabetic patients. Methods: The study included 156 diabetic patients (64 with insulin – dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 92 with non insulin – dependent diabetes mellitus ( NIDDM) ), and 120 control subject. The parameters measured were fasting blood glucose (FBG) and the level of glycated haemoglobin (Hb A1c). Results: HbA1c level was significantly higher among diabetic patients (both IDDM and NIDDM) compared to controls (P<0.001). Also, 43.8% of IDDM patients and 63.0% of NIDDM patients were in poor glycaemic control. Conclusion: substantial proportion of diabetic patients are in poor metabolic control , and hence, more prone to early diabetic complications.
Serum vitamin C status was studied in 50 children (29males and 21females) with insulin dependent ... more Serum vitamin C status was studied in 50 children (29males and 21females) with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus admitted to Basrah maternity and children hospital, from the period of June 2001 till May 2002. 54 healthy children (31 males and 23 females) admitted to the same hospital with acute illnesses like chest infection were randomly selected as a controls. Low serum vitamin C level was detected in (44%) of diabetic children compared to (7.41%) of the control group which was highly significant (P<0.001). The two groups differ significantly in the frequency of consuming fruits per week and serum C-reactive protein (P<0.01). In diabetic children with low serum vitamin C level, the frequency of fruit consumption per week was significantly lower than those with normal vitamin C level. In regard to serum C-reactive protein,(70.6%)of positive cases were presented in children with low serum vitamin C level while only(29.4%)of positive cases occurred in those with normal serum ...
Result: The mean LDH level was significantly higher in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (P<0... more Result: The mean LDH level was significantly higher in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (P<0.001) as compared to other groups of malignancy. Higher LDH levels in ALL were associated with high leukocyte counts and blast cells (r=0.46, P<0.04, and r=0.84, P<0.001) respectively. A significantly reduced level of LDH was observed in ALL only after induction of chemotherapy (P<0.01). In solid tumors however, specially lymphoma (NHL, Hodgkin's), high LDH levels correlated with extent of tumor mass or stage of disease.
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