Some physicists surmise that gravity lies outside of quantum mechanics. Thus theories like the st... more Some physicists surmise that gravity lies outside of quantum mechanics. Thus theories like the standard semiclassical theory of quantum to gravity coupling (that of Rosenfeld and Møller) are possible real models of interaction, rather than a mere approximation of a theory of quantum gravity. Unfortunately, semiclassical gravity creates inconsistencies such as superluminal communication. Alternatives by authors such as Diósi, Martin, Penrose, and Wang often use the term 'stochastic' to set themselves apart from the standard semiclassical theory. These theories couple to fluctuations caused by for instance continuous spontaneous localization, hence the term 'stochastic'. This paper looks at stochastic gravity in the framework of a class of emergent or ontological quantum theories, such as those by Bohm, Cetto, and de Broglie. It is found that much or all of the trouble in connecting gravity with a microscopic system falls away, as Einstein's general r...
Gravity is thought of as the most feeble force. Indeed for two electrons the Coulomb force is 42 ... more Gravity is thought of as the most feeble force. Indeed for two electrons the Coulomb force is 42 orders of magnitude stronger than their mutual gravitational attraction. We find an expression that determines this Coulomb to gravity force ratio precisely using nothing but general relativity. This ratio is the radius of a Kerr singularity of the electron’s mass and spin angular momentum to that of Schwarzschild radius for the electron, with the addition of the fine structure constant. This strongly suggests a link between general relativity and electromagnetism.
A low level radon detector, a muon tracking software package, and an event fitter were developed ... more A low level radon detector, a muon tracking software package, and an event fitter were developed for the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (scSNO). the radon detector has a high efficiency for detectors of its type. It is sensitive to both 222Rn and the shorter lived 220Rn. The efficiency for 220Rn detection was raised by a factor of five during the work presented here. The muon tracking software will enable the study of atmospheric neutrinos and other high energy events inside scSNO. The event fitter uses both the shape and size of chi-square space around an event which allows events to be distinguished by type. Low energy events are fitted well with this fitter.
The recent experimental proposals by Bose et al. and Marletto et al. (BMV) outline a way to test ... more The recent experimental proposals by Bose et al. and Marletto et al. (BMV) outline a way to test for the quantum nature of gravity by measuring gravitationally induced differential phase accumulation over the superposed paths of two ∼ 10−14 kg masses. These authors outline the expected outcome of these experiments for semi-classical, quantum gravity and collapse models. It is found that both semi-classical and collapse models predict a lack of entanglement in the experimental results. This work predicts the outcome of the BMV experiment in Bohmian trajectory gravity - where classical gravity is assumed to couple to the particle configuration in each Bohmian path, as opposed to semi-classical gravity where gravity couples to the expectation value of the wave function, or of quantized gravity, where the gravitational field is itself in a quantum superposition. In the case of the BMV experiment, Bohmian trajectory gravity predicts that there will be quantum entanglement. This is surpri...
Observations of neutral-current ν interactions on deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory a... more Observations of neutral-current ν interactions on deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are reported. Using the neutral current (NC), elastic scattering, and charged current reactions and assuming the standard 8 B ...
It’s an experimental fact that quantum objects in the ground state do not radiate electromagnetic... more It’s an experimental fact that quantum objects in the ground state do not radiate electromagnetic energy, but what are the limits on our knowledge of the gravitational equivalent of this? In semiclassical gravity it is the expectation values of quantum particle positions that form the source for the Einstein equations, thus a particle or atom in a ground state emits no gravitational radiation. Here we instead assume a fully classical quantum gravity the internal components of objects in a pure quantum state are assumed to classically radiate gravitational waves. The effects of this theory of microscopic gravity on the measured properties of the hydrogen atom, along with possibilities to experimentally measure the effects of atomic or nuclear scale gravitational radiation are explored. Essay written for the Gravity Research Foundation 2017 Awards for Essays on Gravitation. NSCIR 8 Bruce St. Bx 841 Thornbury Ontario, N0H 2P0, Canada
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) has measured day and night solar neutrino energy spectra a... more The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) has measured day and night solar neutrino energy spectra and rates. For charged current events, assuming an undistorted 8 B spectrum, the night minus day rate is 14.0%±6.3% -1.4 +1.5 % of the ...
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is a 1000 tonne heavy water Cerenkov detector built to observe n... more The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is a 1000 tonne heavy water Cerenkov detector built to observe neutrinos from the sun and from supernovae. It is located deep underground to reduce the cosmic background radiation to negligible levels. The observatory is nearing completion and will commence full data taking early in 1999. Some aspects of its design and construction, and some of
Measurement of the rate of ν e + d → p + p + e − interactions produced by 8 B solar ... QR Ahmad ... more Measurement of the rate of ν e + d → p + p + e − interactions produced by 8 B solar ... QR Ahmad 15 , RC Allen 11 , TC Andersen 12 , JD Anglin 7 , G. Buhler 11 , JC Barton 13‡ , EW Beier 14 , ... M. Bercovitch 7 , J. Bigu ...
Simplified toy theories abound in theoretical physics. These toy models are extremely useful. An ... more Simplified toy theories abound in theoretical physics. These toy models are extremely useful. An example is N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. In this toy model alone, tens of thousands of papers have been published, some cited thousands of times. This essay proposes that physicists consider studying "N=4 General Rela-tivity" as a toy model. This 'Only Gravity' toy model uses Einstein's field equations on their own in the hope that ignoring complicated interactions of gravity with other fields (electromagnetism, etc) and physical theories (quantum mechanics, QFT, etc) may paradoxically help us understand more about quantum gravity.
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