Green extraction techniques (GreETs) emerged in the last decade as greener and sustainable altern... more Green extraction techniques (GreETs) emerged in the last decade as greener and sustainable alternatives to classical sample preparation procedures aiming to improve the selectivity and sensitivity of analytical methods, simultaneously reducing the deleterious side effects of classical extraction techniques (CETs) for both the operator and the environment. The implementation of improved processes that overcome the main constraints of classical methods in terms of efficiency and ability to minimize or eliminate the use and generation of harmful substances will promote more efficient use of energy and resources in close association with the principles supporting the concept of green chemistry. The current review aims to update the state of the art of some cutting-edge GreETs developed and implemented in recent years focusing on the improvement of the main analytical features, practical aspects, and relevant applications in the biological, food, and environmental fields. Approaches to i...
This study examined the influence of ohmic heating (OH), compared to the conventional heating (Co... more This study examined the influence of ohmic heating (OH), compared to the conventional heating (Conven) and Control (solvent) methods, on the extraction of olive mill leaves. The main extraction parameters were: (i) solvent ratio (aqueous ethanol; 40%, 60%, and 80%, v/v), and (ii) extraction temperature; 45 °C, 55 °C, and 75 °C (for OH and Conven), and room temperature (for Control). The selected response variables were extraction yield (%), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH). The ohmic system, compared to Conven and Control, exhibited the greatest effects (p < 0.001) on increasing (i) extraction yield (34.53%) at 75 °C with 80% ethanol, (ii) TPC at 55 °C (42.53, 34.35, 31.63 mg GAE/g extract, with 60%, 40%, and 80% ethanol, respectively), and (iii) antioxidant potency at 75 °C detected by DPPH and ABTS, in the range of 1.21–1.04 mM TE/g, and 0.62–0.48 mM TE/g extract, respectively. Further, there were relatively similar trends in TPC and antiox...
Olive pomace (OP) is the main residue that results from olive oil production. OP is rich in bioac... more Olive pomace (OP) is the main residue that results from olive oil production. OP is rich in bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, so its use in the treatments of diseases related to oxidative stress, such as cancer, could be considered. The present work aimed to study the biological properties of different OP extracts, obtained by ohmic heating-assisted extraction and conventional heating, using water and 50% ethanol, in the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer through Caco-2 cell models. Additionally, an in-silico analysis was performed to identify the phenolic intestinal absorption and Caco-2 permeability. The extracts were chemically characterized, and it was found that the Ohmic-hydroethanolic (OH-EtOH) extract had the highest antiproliferative effect, probably due to its higher content of phenolic compounds. The OH-EtOH induced potential modifications in the mitochondrial membrane and led to apoptosis by cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phases with activation of p53...
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the leading cause of chronic liver disease in chil... more Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the leading cause of chronic liver disease in children, is defined by hepatic fat infiltration >5% of hepatocytes, in the absence of excessive alcohol intake, evidence of viral, autoimmune or drug-induced liver disease. Conditions like rare genetic disorders must be considered in the differential diagnosis. Case Report: Two male brothers, and a non-related girl, all overweight, had liver steatosis. One of the brothers and the girl had elevated transaminases; all three presented with low total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins and very low density lipoproteins cholesterol levels, hypotriglyceridemia and low apolipoprotein B. A liver biopsy performed in the brother with citolysis confirmed steatohepatitis and the molecular study of apolipoprotein B gene showed a novel homozygous mutation (c.9353dup p.Asn3118Lysfs17). Patients with cytolysis lost weight, however liver steatosis persists. Conclusion: Fatty liver disease might be a co...
Esta tese visou investigar o significado da cerimônia do chá (chanoyu ou chado) no Japão e seu ap... more Esta tese visou investigar o significado da cerimônia do chá (chanoyu ou chado) no Japão e seu aparecimento na história japonesa como uma “tradição inventada”, conceito criado por Eric Hobsbawm. A partir da constatação que o chanoyu é usado como uma metáfora da identidade cultural do japonês e tem se transformado juntamente com a cultura desde que foi “inventado”, investigou-se sua reapropriação no Brasil. Que sinais diacríticos foram preservados, quais foram esquecidos, qual o significado destas escolhas, que conflitos surgiram devido a estas escolhas? Foram pesquisadas e comparadas duas populações que praticam o chanoyu: a japonesa e a brasileira. A autora viveu um ano no Japão estudando o chanoyu em período integral e pratica, no grupo brasileiro, desde 1990. Portanto, pôde usar observação participante e entrevistas com as duas populações para obter dados qualitativos. Dados quantitativos foram conseguidos através de survey, distribuindo-se questionários auto preenchíveis aos alunos. Afora isto, foi feita extensa pesquisa bibliográfica no Japão. Foram percebidas diferenças e semelhanças entre as populações, métodos de ensino, estrutura da escola e significado do aprendizado. As populações japonesa e brasileira se assemelham por serem basicamente femininas e estudarem esta arte com fins de socialização, isto é, como via de acesso à etiqueta e à “cultura tradicional” japonesa. Contudo, no Japão há ênfase nos seus aspectos filosófico-religiosos e no Brasil o chanoyu propicia um espaço de encontro onde se pode compartilhar a cultura japonesa em geral: língua, culinária, vivências. No Brasil, o aspecto de sociabilidade suplanta o aprendizado dos aspectos formais da arte. É importante notar que, no Brasil, a presença de japoneses não-imigrantes (esposas de executivos no país por poucos anos) e brasileiros não-descendentes gera conflitos e disputas travadas em torno da “autenticidade” e “pureza” do chanoyu praticado por cada um. Devido a esta diferença de ênfase, o chanoyu no Japão se abre mais aos estrangeiros que vêm aprendê-lo. No Brasil, como foi constatado na pesquisa, ele tornou-se um grande sinal diacrítico da cultura japonesa, fazendo com que a comunidade se fechasse para tentar preservá-lo “imaculado”, e provocando embates políticos internos pela “autenticidade” do chanoyu de cada grupo. Concluímos que esta é uma luta política pela definição das identidades e diferenças, onde os grupos reinventam uma tradição cultural sempre que querem marcar as fronteiras entre o “nós” e o “outro”, neste caso entre japoneses imigrantes e seus descendentes, japoneses não-imigrantes e brasileiros não-descendentes.
Criança de três anos, previamente saudável, observada no serviço de urgência por apresentar desde... more Criança de três anos, previamente saudável, observada no serviço de urgência por apresentar desde há quatro semanas lesões em crosta no couro cabeludo, acompanhadas de febre intermitente.
Introduction: Congenital Bochdalek Diaphragmatic Hernia (CBDH) is a relatively rare entity and ma... more Introduction: Congenital Bochdalek Diaphragmatic Hernia (CBDH) is a relatively rare entity and may be underdiagnosed due to not being correctly recognized after the neonatal period. Case report: An eight-month-old Caucasian infant with failure to thrive, presented to the emergency service with productive cough since the previous week. He was amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid prescribed seven days before for an acute otitis media and was afebrile for the past four days. Past history revealed failure to thrive and feeding difficulties. Chest radiograph was misleading, with multiple differential diagnosis, namely eventration and necrotizing pneumonia. Abdominal ultrasonography and thoracoabdominal magnetic resonance imaging revealed CBDH with non-obstructive gastric volvulus. Discussion: Pediatricians should include late-onset CBDH as a differential diagnosis in any child with recurrent non-specific respiratory or gastrointestinal tract symptoms. Early surgical correction of diaphragmatic d...
Today, there are emerging numbers of oligonucleotide therapies being approved by the governmental... more Today, there are emerging numbers of oligonucleotide therapies being approved by the governmental authorities. These types of therapies present a different mode of action when compared to the traditional small molecules, acting at the RNA level instead of the protein level. In drug development, drug potency is defined by the drug affinity to the target biomolecule (target engagement), together with the ability to initiate a response at the molecular, cellular, tissue, or system level (efficacy). In oligonucleotide therapies, affinity and efficacy can be both easily evaluated by gene expression analysis. Although more advanced techniques can be used, this chapter presents a protocol to evaluate splice switching oligonucleotide efficacy that can be easily applied in a molecular biology laboratory without the need of advanced equipment. It describes all steps from sample preparation to data analysis.
The need to reduce the costs associated with microalgae cultivation encouraged scientific researc... more The need to reduce the costs associated with microalgae cultivation encouraged scientific research into coupling this process with wastewater treatment. Thus, the aim of this work was to assess the growth of Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorophyta) in different effluents from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), namely secondary effluent (SE) and sludge run-off (SR). Assays were performed, under the same conditions, in triplicate with 4 dilution ratios of the wastewaters (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) with the standard culture medium bold basal medium double nitrated (BBM2N) as a control. The capability of C. vulgaris for biomass production, chlorophyll synthesis and nutrients removal in the SE and SR was evaluated. The 25% SE and 25% SR showed increased specific growth rates (0.47 and 0.55 day−1, respectively) and higher biomass yields (8.64 × 107 and 1.95 × 107 cells/mL, respectively). Regarding the chlorophyll content, the 100% SR promoted the highest concentration of this pigment (2...
Joao de Deus e um medium-curador espirita brasileiro que vem atraindo um numero grande de discipu... more Joao de Deus e um medium-curador espirita brasileiro que vem atraindo um numero grande de discipulos estrangeiros. Desde o inicio de 2000, Joao de Deus tem sido convidado a conduzir eventos de cura em paises tao diversos como Alemanha, EUA, Nova Zelândia, Grecia e Peru, entre outros, tendo estado em alguns destes paises mais de uma vez. Neste artigo analiso o processo de globalizacao desse novo movimento religioso, focalizando em particular na Australia. Demonstro que ha uma crescente comunidade transnacional composta de discipulos vivendo entre os dois paises, a qual teria intensificado o processo de globalizacao do espiritismo, ate entao promovido somente por imigrantes brasileiros. Por fim, analiso o estabelecimento de uma filial do centro de Joao de Deus na Australia.
Green extraction techniques (GreETs) emerged in the last decade as greener and sustainable altern... more Green extraction techniques (GreETs) emerged in the last decade as greener and sustainable alternatives to classical sample preparation procedures aiming to improve the selectivity and sensitivity of analytical methods, simultaneously reducing the deleterious side effects of classical extraction techniques (CETs) for both the operator and the environment. The implementation of improved processes that overcome the main constraints of classical methods in terms of efficiency and ability to minimize or eliminate the use and generation of harmful substances will promote more efficient use of energy and resources in close association with the principles supporting the concept of green chemistry. The current review aims to update the state of the art of some cutting-edge GreETs developed and implemented in recent years focusing on the improvement of the main analytical features, practical aspects, and relevant applications in the biological, food, and environmental fields. Approaches to i...
This study examined the influence of ohmic heating (OH), compared to the conventional heating (Co... more This study examined the influence of ohmic heating (OH), compared to the conventional heating (Conven) and Control (solvent) methods, on the extraction of olive mill leaves. The main extraction parameters were: (i) solvent ratio (aqueous ethanol; 40%, 60%, and 80%, v/v), and (ii) extraction temperature; 45 °C, 55 °C, and 75 °C (for OH and Conven), and room temperature (for Control). The selected response variables were extraction yield (%), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH). The ohmic system, compared to Conven and Control, exhibited the greatest effects (p < 0.001) on increasing (i) extraction yield (34.53%) at 75 °C with 80% ethanol, (ii) TPC at 55 °C (42.53, 34.35, 31.63 mg GAE/g extract, with 60%, 40%, and 80% ethanol, respectively), and (iii) antioxidant potency at 75 °C detected by DPPH and ABTS, in the range of 1.21–1.04 mM TE/g, and 0.62–0.48 mM TE/g extract, respectively. Further, there were relatively similar trends in TPC and antiox...
Olive pomace (OP) is the main residue that results from olive oil production. OP is rich in bioac... more Olive pomace (OP) is the main residue that results from olive oil production. OP is rich in bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, so its use in the treatments of diseases related to oxidative stress, such as cancer, could be considered. The present work aimed to study the biological properties of different OP extracts, obtained by ohmic heating-assisted extraction and conventional heating, using water and 50% ethanol, in the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer through Caco-2 cell models. Additionally, an in-silico analysis was performed to identify the phenolic intestinal absorption and Caco-2 permeability. The extracts were chemically characterized, and it was found that the Ohmic-hydroethanolic (OH-EtOH) extract had the highest antiproliferative effect, probably due to its higher content of phenolic compounds. The OH-EtOH induced potential modifications in the mitochondrial membrane and led to apoptosis by cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phases with activation of p53...
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the leading cause of chronic liver disease in chil... more Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the leading cause of chronic liver disease in children, is defined by hepatic fat infiltration >5% of hepatocytes, in the absence of excessive alcohol intake, evidence of viral, autoimmune or drug-induced liver disease. Conditions like rare genetic disorders must be considered in the differential diagnosis. Case Report: Two male brothers, and a non-related girl, all overweight, had liver steatosis. One of the brothers and the girl had elevated transaminases; all three presented with low total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins and very low density lipoproteins cholesterol levels, hypotriglyceridemia and low apolipoprotein B. A liver biopsy performed in the brother with citolysis confirmed steatohepatitis and the molecular study of apolipoprotein B gene showed a novel homozygous mutation (c.9353dup p.Asn3118Lysfs17). Patients with cytolysis lost weight, however liver steatosis persists. Conclusion: Fatty liver disease might be a co...
Esta tese visou investigar o significado da cerimônia do chá (chanoyu ou chado) no Japão e seu ap... more Esta tese visou investigar o significado da cerimônia do chá (chanoyu ou chado) no Japão e seu aparecimento na história japonesa como uma “tradição inventada”, conceito criado por Eric Hobsbawm. A partir da constatação que o chanoyu é usado como uma metáfora da identidade cultural do japonês e tem se transformado juntamente com a cultura desde que foi “inventado”, investigou-se sua reapropriação no Brasil. Que sinais diacríticos foram preservados, quais foram esquecidos, qual o significado destas escolhas, que conflitos surgiram devido a estas escolhas? Foram pesquisadas e comparadas duas populações que praticam o chanoyu: a japonesa e a brasileira. A autora viveu um ano no Japão estudando o chanoyu em período integral e pratica, no grupo brasileiro, desde 1990. Portanto, pôde usar observação participante e entrevistas com as duas populações para obter dados qualitativos. Dados quantitativos foram conseguidos através de survey, distribuindo-se questionários auto preenchíveis aos alunos. Afora isto, foi feita extensa pesquisa bibliográfica no Japão. Foram percebidas diferenças e semelhanças entre as populações, métodos de ensino, estrutura da escola e significado do aprendizado. As populações japonesa e brasileira se assemelham por serem basicamente femininas e estudarem esta arte com fins de socialização, isto é, como via de acesso à etiqueta e à “cultura tradicional” japonesa. Contudo, no Japão há ênfase nos seus aspectos filosófico-religiosos e no Brasil o chanoyu propicia um espaço de encontro onde se pode compartilhar a cultura japonesa em geral: língua, culinária, vivências. No Brasil, o aspecto de sociabilidade suplanta o aprendizado dos aspectos formais da arte. É importante notar que, no Brasil, a presença de japoneses não-imigrantes (esposas de executivos no país por poucos anos) e brasileiros não-descendentes gera conflitos e disputas travadas em torno da “autenticidade” e “pureza” do chanoyu praticado por cada um. Devido a esta diferença de ênfase, o chanoyu no Japão se abre mais aos estrangeiros que vêm aprendê-lo. No Brasil, como foi constatado na pesquisa, ele tornou-se um grande sinal diacrítico da cultura japonesa, fazendo com que a comunidade se fechasse para tentar preservá-lo “imaculado”, e provocando embates políticos internos pela “autenticidade” do chanoyu de cada grupo. Concluímos que esta é uma luta política pela definição das identidades e diferenças, onde os grupos reinventam uma tradição cultural sempre que querem marcar as fronteiras entre o “nós” e o “outro”, neste caso entre japoneses imigrantes e seus descendentes, japoneses não-imigrantes e brasileiros não-descendentes.
Criança de três anos, previamente saudável, observada no serviço de urgência por apresentar desde... more Criança de três anos, previamente saudável, observada no serviço de urgência por apresentar desde há quatro semanas lesões em crosta no couro cabeludo, acompanhadas de febre intermitente.
Introduction: Congenital Bochdalek Diaphragmatic Hernia (CBDH) is a relatively rare entity and ma... more Introduction: Congenital Bochdalek Diaphragmatic Hernia (CBDH) is a relatively rare entity and may be underdiagnosed due to not being correctly recognized after the neonatal period. Case report: An eight-month-old Caucasian infant with failure to thrive, presented to the emergency service with productive cough since the previous week. He was amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid prescribed seven days before for an acute otitis media and was afebrile for the past four days. Past history revealed failure to thrive and feeding difficulties. Chest radiograph was misleading, with multiple differential diagnosis, namely eventration and necrotizing pneumonia. Abdominal ultrasonography and thoracoabdominal magnetic resonance imaging revealed CBDH with non-obstructive gastric volvulus. Discussion: Pediatricians should include late-onset CBDH as a differential diagnosis in any child with recurrent non-specific respiratory or gastrointestinal tract symptoms. Early surgical correction of diaphragmatic d...
Today, there are emerging numbers of oligonucleotide therapies being approved by the governmental... more Today, there are emerging numbers of oligonucleotide therapies being approved by the governmental authorities. These types of therapies present a different mode of action when compared to the traditional small molecules, acting at the RNA level instead of the protein level. In drug development, drug potency is defined by the drug affinity to the target biomolecule (target engagement), together with the ability to initiate a response at the molecular, cellular, tissue, or system level (efficacy). In oligonucleotide therapies, affinity and efficacy can be both easily evaluated by gene expression analysis. Although more advanced techniques can be used, this chapter presents a protocol to evaluate splice switching oligonucleotide efficacy that can be easily applied in a molecular biology laboratory without the need of advanced equipment. It describes all steps from sample preparation to data analysis.
The need to reduce the costs associated with microalgae cultivation encouraged scientific researc... more The need to reduce the costs associated with microalgae cultivation encouraged scientific research into coupling this process with wastewater treatment. Thus, the aim of this work was to assess the growth of Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorophyta) in different effluents from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), namely secondary effluent (SE) and sludge run-off (SR). Assays were performed, under the same conditions, in triplicate with 4 dilution ratios of the wastewaters (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) with the standard culture medium bold basal medium double nitrated (BBM2N) as a control. The capability of C. vulgaris for biomass production, chlorophyll synthesis and nutrients removal in the SE and SR was evaluated. The 25% SE and 25% SR showed increased specific growth rates (0.47 and 0.55 day−1, respectively) and higher biomass yields (8.64 × 107 and 1.95 × 107 cells/mL, respectively). Regarding the chlorophyll content, the 100% SR promoted the highest concentration of this pigment (2...
Joao de Deus e um medium-curador espirita brasileiro que vem atraindo um numero grande de discipu... more Joao de Deus e um medium-curador espirita brasileiro que vem atraindo um numero grande de discipulos estrangeiros. Desde o inicio de 2000, Joao de Deus tem sido convidado a conduzir eventos de cura em paises tao diversos como Alemanha, EUA, Nova Zelândia, Grecia e Peru, entre outros, tendo estado em alguns destes paises mais de uma vez. Neste artigo analiso o processo de globalizacao desse novo movimento religioso, focalizando em particular na Australia. Demonstro que ha uma crescente comunidade transnacional composta de discipulos vivendo entre os dois paises, a qual teria intensificado o processo de globalizacao do espiritismo, ate entao promovido somente por imigrantes brasileiros. Por fim, analiso o estabelecimento de uma filial do centro de Joao de Deus na Australia.
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