Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, Dec 1, 2017
Although the job/employment security is critical to the implementation of high performance manage... more Although the job/employment security is critical to the implementation of high performance management practices (Pfeffer and Veiga, 1999), its impact on innovation remains understudied, especially in the context of small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) in emerging and transition economies (ETEs). This paper uses the institution-based view in entrepreneurship and strategic management to (i) analyze the relationships between the formality of an employment contract and the firm’s innovation (i.e., product innovation, product improvement, process innovation and intention of innovation); and (ii) indentify potential antecedents of the contractual formality. Based on a sample of 865 private, domestic SMEs operating in the manufacturing sector in an ETE — namely Vietnam — and by using multivariable regression techniques, we find that the formality of the employment contract significantly and positively influences some aspects of the firm’s innovation (i.e., product improvement and process innovation). Furthermore, the major factors that determine the employment contract’s degree of formality are the manager’s regulatory knowledge, the degree of industrial competition and the existence of a labor representative within the firm. Implications for policy makers, managers and future research are suggested.
The introduction to a book-length study, this chapter reviews the "interaction theory" ... more The introduction to a book-length study, this chapter reviews the "interaction theory" of ethnic self-employment and introduces multiple disadvantage as an improvement over disadvantage theory
Publicly-funded R&D consortia are complex organizations to build an impetus for innovation th... more Publicly-funded R&D consortia are complex organizations to build an impetus for innovation through industry policy. Their success can be limited by program criteria and strategies that support comp...
In order to design an effective assembly system the automation specialist must combine knowledge ... more In order to design an effective assembly system the automation specialist must combine knowledge of the components, the product, and the process. In order to provide the high productivity required automatic quality assurance and validation procedures are often required. This paper attempts to identify the role of integrated quality assurance techniques. A typical major assembly line is discussed in detail and the validation techniques are described. These are applied to piece parts, sub-assemblies, and the final product in a variety of ways to ensure that maximum productivity and product quality are achieved. Some trends for the future are suggested and an overall approach to automatic quality assurance and validation is proposed.
With a view to optimising SPC’s role as a provider of strategic science and thought leadership in... more With a view to optimising SPC’s role as a provider of strategic science and thought leadership in support of the economic and social development of the Pacific region, this research has assessed and evaluated SPC in terms of its mandate, governance, financing and budgetary constraints, its internal organisational structure, and external relations with key partners and donors. We have provided a number of suggestions and ideas which might help to inform the future form, function and priorities of SPC in the coming decade, particularly with respect to ensuring SPC is fulfilling its potential, is fit for purpose and cost effective.
The US Congress created the Breakthrough Therapy designation in 2012 to expedite drug development... more The US Congress created the Breakthrough Therapy designation in 2012 to expedite drug development and review through efficient clinical trial design and intensive interaction with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviewers. Yet, of the 116 pivotal trials supporting Breakthrough‐designated drugs approved 2013–2018, 96 (83%) were already underway or completed when the designation was granted, limiting the potential of the designation to influence trial design. We found no difference between these trials and the 20 (17%) that had not yet begun when the designation was granted (which had greater potential to be impacted by the designation) with respect to phase, size, intervention model (single‐arm vs. multi‐arm), or use of surrogate end points under the Accelerated Approval (AA) pathway. This finding suggests that, in contrast to previous studies, observed trial characteristics were not likely attributable to the designation, and instead other factors such as disease category (e.g., oncology) may be driving both trial design and Breakthrough designation. The 20 trials in our sample that began after designation was granted were, however, over 8 months shorter than trials of nondesignated drugs. This suggests that designations granted early in clinical development may reduce trial time by influencing aspects of clinical programs other than design characteristics, such as timelines for FDA responses. Alternately, certain drugs may be more likely to both receive an early designation and have a shorter trial duration, for example, because of therapeutic category or large effect size.
The findings presented in this paper support the research proposition that firms with a greater c... more The findings presented in this paper support the research proposition that firms with a greater commitment to export markets and more successful in penetrating export markets - as indicated by the proportion of total turnover attributed to exports – display significantly higher levels of managerial features recognised in the literature as important for small business success. The study is based on a within group survey of small, Australian service exporters (SSEs), an approach significantly different to the more common practice in this field of comparing exporters and non-exporters. An analysis of survey results based upon a one way ANOVA with Tukey's WSD post-hoc test is provided, with significant results outlined and discussed. Implications from the findings are also addressed with particular reference to public policy.
Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, Dec 1, 2017
Although the job/employment security is critical to the implementation of high performance manage... more Although the job/employment security is critical to the implementation of high performance management practices (Pfeffer and Veiga, 1999), its impact on innovation remains understudied, especially in the context of small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) in emerging and transition economies (ETEs). This paper uses the institution-based view in entrepreneurship and strategic management to (i) analyze the relationships between the formality of an employment contract and the firm’s innovation (i.e., product innovation, product improvement, process innovation and intention of innovation); and (ii) indentify potential antecedents of the contractual formality. Based on a sample of 865 private, domestic SMEs operating in the manufacturing sector in an ETE — namely Vietnam — and by using multivariable regression techniques, we find that the formality of the employment contract significantly and positively influences some aspects of the firm’s innovation (i.e., product improvement and process innovation). Furthermore, the major factors that determine the employment contract’s degree of formality are the manager’s regulatory knowledge, the degree of industrial competition and the existence of a labor representative within the firm. Implications for policy makers, managers and future research are suggested.
The introduction to a book-length study, this chapter reviews the "interaction theory" ... more The introduction to a book-length study, this chapter reviews the "interaction theory" of ethnic self-employment and introduces multiple disadvantage as an improvement over disadvantage theory
Publicly-funded R&D consortia are complex organizations to build an impetus for innovation th... more Publicly-funded R&D consortia are complex organizations to build an impetus for innovation through industry policy. Their success can be limited by program criteria and strategies that support comp...
In order to design an effective assembly system the automation specialist must combine knowledge ... more In order to design an effective assembly system the automation specialist must combine knowledge of the components, the product, and the process. In order to provide the high productivity required automatic quality assurance and validation procedures are often required. This paper attempts to identify the role of integrated quality assurance techniques. A typical major assembly line is discussed in detail and the validation techniques are described. These are applied to piece parts, sub-assemblies, and the final product in a variety of ways to ensure that maximum productivity and product quality are achieved. Some trends for the future are suggested and an overall approach to automatic quality assurance and validation is proposed.
With a view to optimising SPC’s role as a provider of strategic science and thought leadership in... more With a view to optimising SPC’s role as a provider of strategic science and thought leadership in support of the economic and social development of the Pacific region, this research has assessed and evaluated SPC in terms of its mandate, governance, financing and budgetary constraints, its internal organisational structure, and external relations with key partners and donors. We have provided a number of suggestions and ideas which might help to inform the future form, function and priorities of SPC in the coming decade, particularly with respect to ensuring SPC is fulfilling its potential, is fit for purpose and cost effective.
The US Congress created the Breakthrough Therapy designation in 2012 to expedite drug development... more The US Congress created the Breakthrough Therapy designation in 2012 to expedite drug development and review through efficient clinical trial design and intensive interaction with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviewers. Yet, of the 116 pivotal trials supporting Breakthrough‐designated drugs approved 2013–2018, 96 (83%) were already underway or completed when the designation was granted, limiting the potential of the designation to influence trial design. We found no difference between these trials and the 20 (17%) that had not yet begun when the designation was granted (which had greater potential to be impacted by the designation) with respect to phase, size, intervention model (single‐arm vs. multi‐arm), or use of surrogate end points under the Accelerated Approval (AA) pathway. This finding suggests that, in contrast to previous studies, observed trial characteristics were not likely attributable to the designation, and instead other factors such as disease category (e.g., oncology) may be driving both trial design and Breakthrough designation. The 20 trials in our sample that began after designation was granted were, however, over 8 months shorter than trials of nondesignated drugs. This suggests that designations granted early in clinical development may reduce trial time by influencing aspects of clinical programs other than design characteristics, such as timelines for FDA responses. Alternately, certain drugs may be more likely to both receive an early designation and have a shorter trial duration, for example, because of therapeutic category or large effect size.
The findings presented in this paper support the research proposition that firms with a greater c... more The findings presented in this paper support the research proposition that firms with a greater commitment to export markets and more successful in penetrating export markets - as indicated by the proportion of total turnover attributed to exports – display significantly higher levels of managerial features recognised in the literature as important for small business success. The study is based on a within group survey of small, Australian service exporters (SSEs), an approach significantly different to the more common practice in this field of comparing exporters and non-exporters. An analysis of survey results based upon a one way ANOVA with Tukey's WSD post-hoc test is provided, with significant results outlined and discussed. Implications from the findings are also addressed with particular reference to public policy.
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Papers by Damian Hine