Papers by Mohammad A . A . Mamun
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2022
The expansion of large-scale photovoltaic (PV) power generation is essential to global efforts to... more The expansion of large-scale photovoltaic (PV) power generation is essential to global efforts to mitigate climate change. A constraint to such PV development is its extensive space requirements, complicated by increasing competition for land driven by population growth and rising food demand. Agrivoltaic systems, which integrate crop production and PV power generation, offer a potential solution to the land economy problem. In this article, we present the results of a systematic review of agrivoltaic research backed with relevant analysis, discussion, and directions for future research. In total, 98 studies were appraised. Among them, 48 dealt with specific applications, while 50 were preoccupied with the scale of PV production. Fourteen of those 50 inquiries examined small-scale (<100 kW) PV systems. The remaining 36 addressed medium-to-large-scale facilities (over 100 kW), with 26 oriented to installations …
Energy and Built Environment, 2021
Photovoltaic (PV) system's performance is significantly affected by its orientation and tilt angl... more Photovoltaic (PV) system's performance is significantly affected by its orientation and tilt angle. Experimental investigation (indoor and outdoor) has been carried out to trace the variation in PV performance and electrical parameters at varying tilt angles in Malaysian conditions. There were two experimental modus: 1) varying module tilt under constant irradiation level, 2) varying irradiation intensity at the optimum tilt set up. For the former scheme, the irradiation level was maintained at 750 W/m2, and for the later arrangement, the module tilt angle was varied from 0o to 80o by means of a single-axis tracker. Results show that under constant irradiation of 750 W/m2, every 5o increase in tilt angle causes a power drop of 2.09 W at indoor and 3.45 W at outdoor. In contrast, for the same condition, efficiency decreases by 0.54% for indoor case and by 0.76% at outdoor. On the other hand, for every 100 W/m2 increase in irradiation, solar cell temperature rises by 7.52°C at indoor and by 5.67°C at outdoor. As of module electrical parameters, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, maximum power point voltage and maximum power point current drops substantially with increasing tilt angle, whereas fill factor drops rather gradually. Outdoor experimental investigation confirms that the optimum tilt angle at Malaysian conditions is 15o and orienting a PV module this angle will maximize the sun's energy captured and thereby enhance its performance.
Alexandria Engineering Journal
The building sector is one of the major energy users and greenhouse gasses emitter. An energy aud... more The building sector is one of the major energy users and greenhouse gasses emitter. An energy audit is one of the effective approaches to identify efficient energy usages and energy savings. A details walk-through energy audit has been conducted to analyse the energy consumption pattern and potential energy conservation opportunities (ECOs) in Research and Development (R&D) building at Universiti Malaya from March to May 2017. Eight different appliances were categorised to analyse and the audit results were verified with the building’s utility bill which on average were
between 160 MWh to 250 MWh and RM 80 k to RM 120 k per month. In this case, it was found that the air-conditioning (34%), lighting (18%) and PC/laptops (10%) are the main appliances that contributed to the total energy consumption for the building. The replacement to LEDs light in three different stages marked as Level A, Level A + B and Level A + B + C revealed to be a good solution for energy conservation which resulted in annual energy savings of 72,750 kWh, 110,381kWh and 144,386 kWh. It concurrently contributes to annual savings of RM26554, RM40289 and RM52701 based on 9 h daily operating time with the payback period of about 1 year.
IEEE Library, 2017
Tilt angle of a PV module is one of the most significant parameters for receiving maximum solar i... more Tilt angle of a PV module is one of the most significant parameters for receiving maximum solar irradiation falling on the PV systems. This research article investigates the numerical aspects of selecting the optimal tilt angle for the PV modules used in Bangladesh and makes recommendations on how the collected power output of the module can be increased by altering the tilt angle. The results show that the optimum tilt angle of Cox's Bazzar Chittagong, Dhaka, Jessore, Ishurdi, Bogra, Sylhet and Rangpur is 26 o , 25 o , 30 o , 25 o , 27 o , 27 o , 28 o and 29 o , respectively. The annual energy production of Cox's Bazar and Sylhet has shown the highest and the lowest energy production, the month was March and July, respectively. The characteristics curves obtained by the simulation with the data provided by using simulated software SAM (System Advisor Model). Finally, the article measures the optimum tilt for PV applications in Bangladesh on Monthly and yearly bases.
IET Digital Library, 2018
The photovoltaic (PV) panels and system performance is affected by the tilt angle and orientation... more The photovoltaic (PV) panels and system performance is affected by the tilt angle and orientation, as these factors investigate the total amount of irradiation intensity received by the related surface of a panel. This research conducts an experiment with the variation of tilt angle under certain operating conditions. In addition, the impact of surface tilt angle with various irradiation levels on PV performance is analyzed numerically using Finite Element Method (FEM). The effect of varying the tilt angle from 0 o to 80 o on PV performance is studied under both variable and constant irradiation conditions. For every 100 W/m2 irradiation intensity increased, the solar cell temperature and power output increase by 5.34 o C and 5.94 W for numerical as well as by 5.37 o C and 5.83 W for experimental results, respectively. For every 5 o increments in surface tilt angle, the average power output and solar cell temperature drop by 1.55 W and 1.12 o C for numerical and by 1.59 W and 1.09 o C for experimental case, while efficiency falls by 0.35% and 0.33% for experimental and numerical cases, respectively. The optimum tilt angle can maximize the irradiation on a panel and thereby the performance of the panel.
IET Digital Library, 2016
Surface tilt angle of a photovoltaic (PV) module is one of the most important parameters for rece... more Surface tilt angle of a photovoltaic (PV) module is one of the most important parameters for receiving maximum solar irradiation falling on the solar arrays. However, this angle is site specific because it is dependent on the daily, monthly and yearly position of the Sun. Moreover, it is essential to determine the optimal tilt angle for the location in order to get the maximum energy from the solar PV system. Different methods have been used for determining the tilt angle at different locations worldwide. The performance of the PV system greatly depends on fixed and tracking system to adjust tilt angle. This article presents the up-to-date status of research and applications of different methods for analyzing the impact of tilt angle on the PV performance using various optimization methods. This article also puts forward analysis of the optimal tilt angle for acquiring maximum energy gain in Malaysia. From the study it is found that the optimal tilt angle in Malaysia is 15 o. This review will extend knowledge for designers and researchers to determine the optimal tilt angle for the solar PV systems at any region in the Malaysia.
Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 2019
Buildings account for a vast amount of energy consumption in Malaysia. Occupant behaviour pattern... more Buildings account for a vast amount of energy consumption in Malaysia. Occupant behaviour patterns are a major factor affecting the energy performance of buildings. Identifying energy waste due to occupant behaviour will allow stakeholders to develop effective strategies to curtail energy consumption in buildings. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of theory of planned behaviour constructs on energy-saving behav-ioural intention among university building occupants. Data from a survey questionnaire was collected from 292 occupants (students and staff) at one case study building at a public university in Malaysia. Data analysed using the structural equation model showed that attitude and perception significantly influence occupants' energy-saving behaviour. Our results indicate that respondents showed moderate behaviour on three sub-constructs: duration of equipment use, frequency of equipment use, and energy saving practice. The current pilot study provides a basis for an improved theoretical framework that considers other variables to be applied in a larger scale study. The implications for behaviour models in terms of policy recommendations and suggestions for occupant engagement campaigns are discussed.
IET Renewable Power Generation , 2017
Partial shading of a photovoltaic (PV) installation has an inconsistent impact on power productio... more Partial shading of a photovoltaic (PV) installation has an inconsistent impact on power production. This study investigates the effect of partial shading on PV performance. The experiments were carried out with a 90-W PV module under both variable and constant irradiations with shaded area increased from 0 to 80% to observe the effect of variable solar radiation at certain shading points. The effect of shading under irradiation levels from 300 to 800 W/m 2 was investigated. At a 600 W/m 2 irradiation level, the shading impact factor was 1.25 with a 25% shading, while at 75% shading the impact factor decreased to 0.86. Results also show that for every 100 W/m 2 increase in irradiation level, the electrical power output was enhanced by 3.89, 3.37, 2.27, and 2.02 W at 0, 25, 50, and 75% shading, respectively. The efficiency level was increased by 0.29, 0.27, 0.25, and 0.22% at 0, 25, 50, and 75% shading, respectively. Increasing the shaded area by 10% causes a 12.41 W drop in power output and a 2.3% drop in electrical efficiency. Partial shading not only deteriorates the PV performance, but also causes long-term degradation of the module.
Books by Mohammad A . A . Mamun
Academic Press, 2020
Energy economics is a branch of applied economics, and this chapter introduces the basics of ener... more Energy economics is a branch of applied economics, and this chapter introduces the basics of energy economics and its principles. It provides a general understanding of the different costs and business models being used in the implementation of energy sector projects. Moreover, energy economics deals with the time value of money—i.e., the potential earning capacity of money after adjusting for interest over time. Different methods to calculate the rate of interest are discussed here in detail. This chapter focuses on the general aspects of energy economics, and its intended impact is not country-specific. Rather, it focuses on the specific design, implementation, project management, financing, and monitoring features of business models and investments. Readers also learn about distributed energy resources in detail. This chapter addresses the barriers to implementing renewable energy to meet the energy needs of the vast population in developing nations. A framework and key barriers are defined here for identifying these barriers.
Academic Press, 2020
Energy is an indispensable prerequisite for performing work. The availability of
energy is an imp... more Energy is an indispensable prerequisite for performing work. The availability of
energy is an important driver for economic prosperity. The global industrial
revolution has contributed to huge developments with social implications and
economic growth. For decades, coal, oil, and natural gas have been the energy
resources provisioned as fuels for energy. The crude price of fossil fuels today
might cause difficulties in meeting rising demand in coming years while the cost
of exploiting them will become higher as resources are depleted and the cost to
extract them increases (Ritchie and Roser, 2018) (Hasanuzzaman et al., 2012).
Furthermore, issues regarding the global climate have led to increased attention
by many countries on policy research especially regarding the aspects of energy
sustainability and uses of natural resources (Kester, Moyer, & Song, 2015).
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Papers by Mohammad A . A . Mamun
between 160 MWh to 250 MWh and RM 80 k to RM 120 k per month. In this case, it was found that the air-conditioning (34%), lighting (18%) and PC/laptops (10%) are the main appliances that contributed to the total energy consumption for the building. The replacement to LEDs light in three different stages marked as Level A, Level A + B and Level A + B + C revealed to be a good solution for energy conservation which resulted in annual energy savings of 72,750 kWh, 110,381kWh and 144,386 kWh. It concurrently contributes to annual savings of RM26554, RM40289 and RM52701 based on 9 h daily operating time with the payback period of about 1 year.
Books by Mohammad A . A . Mamun
energy is an important driver for economic prosperity. The global industrial
revolution has contributed to huge developments with social implications and
economic growth. For decades, coal, oil, and natural gas have been the energy
resources provisioned as fuels for energy. The crude price of fossil fuels today
might cause difficulties in meeting rising demand in coming years while the cost
of exploiting them will become higher as resources are depleted and the cost to
extract them increases (Ritchie and Roser, 2018) (Hasanuzzaman et al., 2012).
Furthermore, issues regarding the global climate have led to increased attention
by many countries on policy research especially regarding the aspects of energy
sustainability and uses of natural resources (Kester, Moyer, & Song, 2015).
between 160 MWh to 250 MWh and RM 80 k to RM 120 k per month. In this case, it was found that the air-conditioning (34%), lighting (18%) and PC/laptops (10%) are the main appliances that contributed to the total energy consumption for the building. The replacement to LEDs light in three different stages marked as Level A, Level A + B and Level A + B + C revealed to be a good solution for energy conservation which resulted in annual energy savings of 72,750 kWh, 110,381kWh and 144,386 kWh. It concurrently contributes to annual savings of RM26554, RM40289 and RM52701 based on 9 h daily operating time with the payback period of about 1 year.
energy is an important driver for economic prosperity. The global industrial
revolution has contributed to huge developments with social implications and
economic growth. For decades, coal, oil, and natural gas have been the energy
resources provisioned as fuels for energy. The crude price of fossil fuels today
might cause difficulties in meeting rising demand in coming years while the cost
of exploiting them will become higher as resources are depleted and the cost to
extract them increases (Ritchie and Roser, 2018) (Hasanuzzaman et al., 2012).
Furthermore, issues regarding the global climate have led to increased attention
by many countries on policy research especially regarding the aspects of energy
sustainability and uses of natural resources (Kester, Moyer, & Song, 2015).