In distance teaching systems, a main mission of tutor is to assure the follow-up of each learner ... more In distance teaching systems, a main mission of tutor is to assure the follow-up of each learner training. Nevertheless, we notice that few works are interested in the guidance of learners during his training. Thus we focus on the setting of research that moves toward the identification of kinds of activities and shapes of synergisms to implement between devices, learners and tutors in order to support the learner in his autonomous learning process. The challenge is to succeed the integration of the educational aspect with a technological solution that assures the follow-up of learner during his distant training. For that to make, we chose to explore the impact of connectionist approach in the setting of modelling and designing an environment of distant educational follow-up. 1) Introduction: Like any other domain that evolves with the technological advancement, the teaching takes place in the rapid change of the modern world. So, the teaching process is no longer limited to the traditional techniques as the lectures, the controlled works and practical work, which all form part of the face-to-face training. But, following the integration of technologies of information and communication (TIC), the teachings takes a new pace while getting involved in the experience of the teaching at a distance and explodes a new growing field which emphasis the act to learn rather than to teach. Various propositions implement training solutions other than the traditional principle of the face-to-face as the in line formation, educational web sites, TV training and telemetric teaching. All these suggestions mainly aim the educational goals without concentrating appropriately on the different approaches of possible implementation. As theories of implementation learning, some are centred on the behaviourist principle that is based on the memorization of information without necessarily understanding the treatment and others put the accent on cognitivist principle, complementary to behaviourism, which interests to the mental strategies, the treatment of information and lingers over the way learner develops knowledge. However, connectionist approach marked with success several fields of application by its achieved results. The approach's logic is essentially based on the simulation of the function of the human brain by an artificial neuron network. The connectionism has been explored by several domains, but as we know, there isn't works that tempted to apply connectionist system in teaching at a distance. Several researchers raised the problematic relative to their domains of specialties (psychology, physics, automatic, recognition of shape…) by the idea to explore connectionist approach in order to find the appropriate answers to their questions. As all different researchers intentions that preceded us to benefit from connectionist results systems, we are launching today in the survey of connectionist approach in the target model and design an environment of follow-up distant learning to supporting the development of learner autonomy and to alleviate the burden of the tutor's role in the assistance of his learner. 2) The applied theoretical approaches in the distance learning: It is recognized that the student's main activity at a distance is reading whose goal is the learning. According to Parent & Sieve der Maren 89, under the frame of education sciences, students are capable of learning a text, and if they know it, they don't seem able to do so. In the same way, Armstrong, Patberg and Dewitzes 88, believe that "several students don't understand what they read and they need of help" [Deschênes & al. 92]. To solve this problem, it is necessary to improve the quality of training while facilitating the access to resources and services, as well as distant collaboration and exchanges. Moore, theorist of the distant teaching, describes the ideal pedagogical relationship between teacher and learner as an exchange of ideas [Power 00]. In the traditional
— The new form of education called "E-Learning" has grown significantly, especially in training i... more — The new form of education called "E-Learning" has grown significantly, especially in training institutions (Universities, Schools, Businesses, etc.). Consequently, they develop their software needs assessment in order to assess the information, and allow the learner to correct his knowledge autonomously.The teaching of languages takes place in the context of distance education and involves several research areas, as automatic processing of natural language and modeling of learning action in distance education environment. Therefore, the development of a remote Evaluation system for Arabic requires the preparation of various linguistic tools such as analyzers In this paper we focus on the development of a Morphological Analyzer In Arabic Language which can be operated in a remote evaluation system of the Arab that support during the seventh year basic level grammar taught in Tunisia. This work proposes to establish morphological analysis by promoting treatments that can be used by a system as the decomposition of a text, determining the properties of a word, the search in a text..., these treatments support learning through an explanation of ambiguous words, the integration strategies of Arabic grammar and solving exercises.
A fact that we cannot deny is, web applications testing has become a very large scale, hence the ... more A fact that we cannot deny is, web applications testing has become a very large scale, hence the interest of developers and especially testers to find the best solutions ever in order to improve web applications testing quality. Many web testing tools provide to user the " record and replay " feature that, like any other testing process, aims to compare actual results with expected ones to ensure the application functionality. But this approach has failed functionally speaking despite its widespread in most of web testing tools. In fact, the challenge of most developers is to ensure quality by increasing the test accuracy and at the same time speeding up testing process. Facing those urgent needs, and these actual facts (record and replay approach) it became necessary to find another approach, from this came the idea to create model-based tests. Model-based testing is a new approach in web testing world and unlike record and replay technique, just a few tools relay on. Due to all its functional advantages, we have chosen to create a web testing tool that is based on this powerful technique and improve it, in a way that simplify modeling implementation in order to reduce the rate of errors. Our System will be represented in a graphical user interface that allows user to choose, in factor of his need, between an automatic test cases generation to save effort and time, or a manual selection mode, in case of a specific test case is needed.
The Language Teaching Takes place in a proportion of E-Learning and research Involves Many Areas ... more The Language Teaching Takes place in a proportion of E-Learning and research Involves Many Areas Including Natural Language Processing NLP. Any action learning phase ends with assessment year, in our case, this last phase system based on IS has issues with ontology for open and short answer. Our evaluation system uses Arabic morphological analyzer year to analyze the answer of the learner in grammatical and lexical Determining STI properties. The result of the analysis Will Be Used To instantiate the ontology of learner's answer. This analyzer IS Composed of An Expert System That Provides verification of the homogeneity of the grammatical morphemes and Labeling grammar, vocabulary and a lexical dictionary representing a directory of foundations, particles and "Arab Shemaah". The Assessment is based on the result Given the similarity measure by Wu and Palmer of the Applied Ontology merging of Two learner and teacher According To predefined parameters.
Avec l’évolution des réseaux de communication tel l’Internet et les
services associés comme le co... more Avec l’évolution des réseaux de communication tel l’Internet et les services associés comme le courrier électronique ou les serveurs d’information de type Web, l’enseignement et les situations d’apprentissage se déplacent du cadre institutionnel de la salle de cours vers le domicile, l’entreprise, etc. Il est donc nécessaire de concevoir aujourd’hui des environnements informatiques d’apprentissage qui prennent en compte la mobilité des apprenants, leur assurent un suivi individualisé afin de respecter leur rythme d’apprentissage et mettent à leur disposition la présence humaine parmi l’ensemble des ressources pédagogiques accessibles. Notre objectif est de construire une plate-forme logicielle pour l’enseignement à distance destinée à l’apprentissage de la langue arabe. Dans cet article, nous allons décrire les outils nécessaires pour construire une plate-forme d’enseignement à distance basée sur un système multi agents. Nous allons exploiter les concepts et les méthodes de l’approche multi agents pour la conception de notre plate-forme. Enfin, nous allons identifier pour chaque type d’utilisateur de la plate- forme les agents nécessaires
—Nowadays e-learning has become a fundamental stream of learning. E-assessment is an important an... more —Nowadays e-learning has become a fundamental stream of learning. E-assessment is an important and essential phase of the e-learning process because of all the decisions we will make about learners when teaching them. In this paper, we describe an e-assessment system for the Arabic grammar. Our system is based, on the one hand, on linguistics tools and on the other hand, it integrates the Question and Test Interoperability (QTI) proposed by IMS Global Learning Consortium. We adopt the IMS-QTI specification to build an interoperable, reusable and sharable e-assessment system. This system is composed of three main components. The first component is a set of linguistic tools and resources. The second represent an authoring tool which allows teachers to create questions and tests accordance with the IMS-QTI specification. The third component is an Arabic test player for parsing and interpreting QTI XML files.
Software engineering is a systematic approach defined as a science of industrial engineering that... more Software engineering is a systematic approach defined as a science of industrial engineering that measures the practical methods and working process of the software engineers. This approach is based on analyzing, designing, assessment implementing testing and reengineering processes of given software All those phases are very important and have a specific role in SE's cycle, especially software testing that acts as a significant element in this cycle and it represents also a fundamental key for software quality assurance. Software testing has as goal to test the software performance by measuring the gap between the expected behavior of the software under test and the test results. This comparison allows the tester to analyze errors and bugs in order to fix them and develop the software performance. As a critical factor in SQA, software testing is considered like a definitive review of the tool's specification: it permits the tester to redesign the tool specification after the test in case of failure. This procedure is also applied on web applications, in similar ways to obtain the same goal: applications quality assurance, but the web applications are more complicated to be tested because of the interaction of the application with the rest of the distributed system. In fact, in more precisely terms, web application testing is a process that measures the functional and non functional proprieties of a given web application to analyze its performance in order to fix errors or even to reach a better level of the application under test. The demand on web applications or generally on software testing tools groups up with the increase in applications or software failures and cost.
This article deals with the automatic categorization of words in Arabic texts, i.e. the assignmen... more This article deals with the automatic categorization of words in Arabic texts, i.e. the assignment by a computer program, of the nature and grammatical function of the words of an Arabic text. We propose a new algorithm to decrease the ambiguity of categorization. This algorithm is based on linguistic knowledge. The paper begins with a brief summary of Arabic language properties highlighting its main features and specificities. Then, we discuss the different categories that an Arabic word can have. Afterwards, we present an algorithm founded on rules of succession of two or several categories and integrate linguistic knowledge so that the exact category of every word is determined. Finally, we present the implementation and experiments with the realized prototype. Index Terms— Ambiguity, Arabic language, categorization, Disambiguation, HPSG, linguistics.
E-Learning is the modern model of education,
transferring the classical text books to an electron... more E-Learning is the modern model of education, transferring the classical text books to an electronic medium giving us the opportunity to learn almost anytime, anywhere. It has become an important stream of education in present and has a promising future. Successful e-learning applications for efficient language teaching require various corpora and Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies. This paper deals with the application of NLP technology and IMS QTI standard to construct an online Arabic learning environment for learners. Our work is an integration of two areas: linguistics computer science. It focuses on three objectives: the development of linguistics resources and tools for the automatic processing of Arabic, the building of ontology for the Arabic language and the application and extension of the IMS-QTI for Arabic grammar as well.
In distance teaching systems, a main mission of tutor is to assure the follow-up of each learner ... more In distance teaching systems, a main mission of tutor is to assure the follow-up of each learner training. Nevertheless, we notice that few works are interested in the guidance of learners during his training. Thus we focus on the setting of research that moves toward the identification of kinds of activities and shapes of synergisms to implement between devices, learners and tutors in order to support the learner in his autonomous learning process. The challenge is to succeed the integration of the educational aspect with a technological solution that assures the follow-up of learner during his distant training. For that to make, we chose to explore the impact of connectionist approach in the setting of modelling and designing an environment of distant educational follow-up. 1) Introduction: Like any other domain that evolves with the technological advancement, the teaching takes place in the rapid change of the modern world. So, the teaching process is no longer limited to the traditional techniques as the lectures, the controlled works and practical work, which all form part of the face-to-face training. But, following the integration of technologies of information and communication (TIC), the teachings takes a new pace while getting involved in the experience of the teaching at a distance and explodes a new growing field which emphasis the act to learn rather than to teach. Various propositions implement training solutions other than the traditional principle of the face-to-face as the in line formation, educational web sites, TV training and telemetric teaching. All these suggestions mainly aim the educational goals without concentrating appropriately on the different approaches of possible implementation. As theories of implementation learning, some are centred on the behaviourist principle that is based on the memorization of information without necessarily understanding the treatment and others put the accent on cognitivist principle, complementary to behaviourism, which interests to the mental strategies, the treatment of information and lingers over the way learner develops knowledge. However, connectionist approach marked with success several fields of application by its achieved results. The approach's logic is essentially based on the simulation of the function of the human brain by an artificial neuron network. The connectionism has been explored by several domains, but as we know, there isn't works that tempted to apply connectionist system in teaching at a distance. Several researchers raised the problematic relative to their domains of specialties (psychology, physics, automatic, recognition of shape…) by the idea to explore connectionist approach in order to find the appropriate answers to their questions. As all different researchers intentions that preceded us to benefit from connectionist results systems, we are launching today in the survey of connectionist approach in the target model and design an environment of follow-up distant learning to supporting the development of learner autonomy and to alleviate the burden of the tutor's role in the assistance of his learner. 2) The applied theoretical approaches in the distance learning: It is recognized that the student's main activity at a distance is reading whose goal is the learning. According to Parent & Sieve der Maren 89, under the frame of education sciences, students are capable of learning a text, and if they know it, they don't seem able to do so. In the same way, Armstrong, Patberg and Dewitzes 88, believe that "several students don't understand what they read and they need of help" [Deschênes & al. 92]. To solve this problem, it is necessary to improve the quality of training while facilitating the access to resources and services, as well as distant collaboration and exchanges. Moore, theorist of the distant teaching, describes the ideal pedagogical relationship between teacher and learner as an exchange of ideas [Power 00]. In the traditional
— The new form of education called "E-Learning" has grown significantly, especially in training i... more — The new form of education called "E-Learning" has grown significantly, especially in training institutions (Universities, Schools, Businesses, etc.). Consequently, they develop their software needs assessment in order to assess the information, and allow the learner to correct his knowledge autonomously.The teaching of languages takes place in the context of distance education and involves several research areas, as automatic processing of natural language and modeling of learning action in distance education environment. Therefore, the development of a remote Evaluation system for Arabic requires the preparation of various linguistic tools such as analyzers In this paper we focus on the development of a Morphological Analyzer In Arabic Language which can be operated in a remote evaluation system of the Arab that support during the seventh year basic level grammar taught in Tunisia. This work proposes to establish morphological analysis by promoting treatments that can be used by a system as the decomposition of a text, determining the properties of a word, the search in a text..., these treatments support learning through an explanation of ambiguous words, the integration strategies of Arabic grammar and solving exercises.
A fact that we cannot deny is, web applications testing has become a very large scale, hence the ... more A fact that we cannot deny is, web applications testing has become a very large scale, hence the interest of developers and especially testers to find the best solutions ever in order to improve web applications testing quality. Many web testing tools provide to user the " record and replay " feature that, like any other testing process, aims to compare actual results with expected ones to ensure the application functionality. But this approach has failed functionally speaking despite its widespread in most of web testing tools. In fact, the challenge of most developers is to ensure quality by increasing the test accuracy and at the same time speeding up testing process. Facing those urgent needs, and these actual facts (record and replay approach) it became necessary to find another approach, from this came the idea to create model-based tests. Model-based testing is a new approach in web testing world and unlike record and replay technique, just a few tools relay on. Due to all its functional advantages, we have chosen to create a web testing tool that is based on this powerful technique and improve it, in a way that simplify modeling implementation in order to reduce the rate of errors. Our System will be represented in a graphical user interface that allows user to choose, in factor of his need, between an automatic test cases generation to save effort and time, or a manual selection mode, in case of a specific test case is needed.
The Language Teaching Takes place in a proportion of E-Learning and research Involves Many Areas ... more The Language Teaching Takes place in a proportion of E-Learning and research Involves Many Areas Including Natural Language Processing NLP. Any action learning phase ends with assessment year, in our case, this last phase system based on IS has issues with ontology for open and short answer. Our evaluation system uses Arabic morphological analyzer year to analyze the answer of the learner in grammatical and lexical Determining STI properties. The result of the analysis Will Be Used To instantiate the ontology of learner's answer. This analyzer IS Composed of An Expert System That Provides verification of the homogeneity of the grammatical morphemes and Labeling grammar, vocabulary and a lexical dictionary representing a directory of foundations, particles and "Arab Shemaah". The Assessment is based on the result Given the similarity measure by Wu and Palmer of the Applied Ontology merging of Two learner and teacher According To predefined parameters.
Avec l’évolution des réseaux de communication tel l’Internet et les
services associés comme le co... more Avec l’évolution des réseaux de communication tel l’Internet et les services associés comme le courrier électronique ou les serveurs d’information de type Web, l’enseignement et les situations d’apprentissage se déplacent du cadre institutionnel de la salle de cours vers le domicile, l’entreprise, etc. Il est donc nécessaire de concevoir aujourd’hui des environnements informatiques d’apprentissage qui prennent en compte la mobilité des apprenants, leur assurent un suivi individualisé afin de respecter leur rythme d’apprentissage et mettent à leur disposition la présence humaine parmi l’ensemble des ressources pédagogiques accessibles. Notre objectif est de construire une plate-forme logicielle pour l’enseignement à distance destinée à l’apprentissage de la langue arabe. Dans cet article, nous allons décrire les outils nécessaires pour construire une plate-forme d’enseignement à distance basée sur un système multi agents. Nous allons exploiter les concepts et les méthodes de l’approche multi agents pour la conception de notre plate-forme. Enfin, nous allons identifier pour chaque type d’utilisateur de la plate- forme les agents nécessaires
—Nowadays e-learning has become a fundamental stream of learning. E-assessment is an important an... more —Nowadays e-learning has become a fundamental stream of learning. E-assessment is an important and essential phase of the e-learning process because of all the decisions we will make about learners when teaching them. In this paper, we describe an e-assessment system for the Arabic grammar. Our system is based, on the one hand, on linguistics tools and on the other hand, it integrates the Question and Test Interoperability (QTI) proposed by IMS Global Learning Consortium. We adopt the IMS-QTI specification to build an interoperable, reusable and sharable e-assessment system. This system is composed of three main components. The first component is a set of linguistic tools and resources. The second represent an authoring tool which allows teachers to create questions and tests accordance with the IMS-QTI specification. The third component is an Arabic test player for parsing and interpreting QTI XML files.
Software engineering is a systematic approach defined as a science of industrial engineering that... more Software engineering is a systematic approach defined as a science of industrial engineering that measures the practical methods and working process of the software engineers. This approach is based on analyzing, designing, assessment implementing testing and reengineering processes of given software All those phases are very important and have a specific role in SE's cycle, especially software testing that acts as a significant element in this cycle and it represents also a fundamental key for software quality assurance. Software testing has as goal to test the software performance by measuring the gap between the expected behavior of the software under test and the test results. This comparison allows the tester to analyze errors and bugs in order to fix them and develop the software performance. As a critical factor in SQA, software testing is considered like a definitive review of the tool's specification: it permits the tester to redesign the tool specification after the test in case of failure. This procedure is also applied on web applications, in similar ways to obtain the same goal: applications quality assurance, but the web applications are more complicated to be tested because of the interaction of the application with the rest of the distributed system. In fact, in more precisely terms, web application testing is a process that measures the functional and non functional proprieties of a given web application to analyze its performance in order to fix errors or even to reach a better level of the application under test. The demand on web applications or generally on software testing tools groups up with the increase in applications or software failures and cost.
This article deals with the automatic categorization of words in Arabic texts, i.e. the assignmen... more This article deals with the automatic categorization of words in Arabic texts, i.e. the assignment by a computer program, of the nature and grammatical function of the words of an Arabic text. We propose a new algorithm to decrease the ambiguity of categorization. This algorithm is based on linguistic knowledge. The paper begins with a brief summary of Arabic language properties highlighting its main features and specificities. Then, we discuss the different categories that an Arabic word can have. Afterwards, we present an algorithm founded on rules of succession of two or several categories and integrate linguistic knowledge so that the exact category of every word is determined. Finally, we present the implementation and experiments with the realized prototype. Index Terms— Ambiguity, Arabic language, categorization, Disambiguation, HPSG, linguistics.
E-Learning is the modern model of education,
transferring the classical text books to an electron... more E-Learning is the modern model of education, transferring the classical text books to an electronic medium giving us the opportunity to learn almost anytime, anywhere. It has become an important stream of education in present and has a promising future. Successful e-learning applications for efficient language teaching require various corpora and Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies. This paper deals with the application of NLP technology and IMS QTI standard to construct an online Arabic learning environment for learners. Our work is an integration of two areas: linguistics computer science. It focuses on three objectives: the development of linguistics resources and tools for the automatic processing of Arabic, the building of ontology for the Arabic language and the application and extension of the IMS-QTI for Arabic grammar as well.
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Conference Presentations by dalila SOUILEM
ث ٕٚق ٤ٖٙجص٪ز، ٣صضذثخ دش ذّ٪ش ٙ ف ٤ٖ ث نٕٖ ٩٤ جس ث ضٕ ٨ ص ذَ ث ضٕ ٤ط٪و ث نٕٖ ٧٤ ث ٕٚغ ٤ٖح سٕٖجع ٤ح. ١زث ث قٕ ٩ٚ ْٞٞج ٜٙ طٞجفز دشٙد٪جس صضٚ ْٜ ٜٙ صس ٪ٖ ٣ٙسج جّر ى ٢ ث نٕٖجس ث غٕذ٪ق٪ز. ٜٙ ث ٕٚدجلاس ث شٕة٪غ٪ز ٕٚقج دٕز
ث نٕٖجس ث غٕذ٪ق٪ز ٝدذ ث ضٕشخٚز ث ٫ ٪ٕز، إ ٩دجد ث ٕٚق ٤ٖٙجس، ى ٢ ثلأعت زٖ ٣ثلإخجدز ف ٪ٖ ٢ج ، ث ضٕ ٪َ٪ فٜ دقذ. ٩ٞذسج ١زث
ث ٕٚ جَ ى ٨ إعجس ث ٕٚقج دٕز ث ٫ ٪ٕز نٕٖز ث قٕشد٪ز د ٢ذه صظٚ٪ د٪تز صق فٜ دقذ نٕٖز ث قٕشد٪ز. صغضٞذ ١زٟ ث ذٕ٪تز ٜٙ
خ ٢ز ف ٦ٖ ٙق٪ج س آ ٧ أ أط ٪ّ ٤ ص ٨ آ ٧ ضٕس ٪َ ص ٤ثى ث ضٕشن٪ ٣ ثلاعضٚشثس ٩ز، ٣ ٜٙ خ ٢ز أخش ٥ صقضٚذ ف ٦ٖ
ٙدٚ ٤فز ٜٙ ثلأد ٣ثس ث نٕٖ ٩٤ ز )ث ٕٚقد ،٘ خ ٤ثسصٙ٪ز ضٕسذ ٩ذ ث ٤ٕؽجةو، ث ٕٚس ثظٕشى ٨، ث ٕٚس ث ٕٞس ٧٤ ، ث ٕٚذ ٣ٝز(.
انكه بًث انجوهش تٌ. ث نٕٖز ث قٕشد٪ز، ث ٕٚقج دٕز ث ٫ ٪ٕز، ث ضٕق فٜ دقذ، ث ٕٚقج ٩٪ش، ث ضٕ ٪َ٪ ،٘ آ ٧ أ أط ٪ّ ٤ ص ٨ آ
services associés comme le courrier électronique ou les serveurs d’information
de type Web, l’enseignement et les situations d’apprentissage se déplacent du
cadre institutionnel de la salle de cours vers le domicile, l’entreprise, etc. Il est
donc nécessaire de concevoir aujourd’hui des environnements informatiques
d’apprentissage qui prennent en compte la mobilité des apprenants, leur
assurent un suivi individualisé afin de respecter leur rythme d’apprentissage et
mettent à leur disposition la présence humaine parmi l’ensemble des ressources
pédagogiques accessibles. Notre objectif est de construire une plate-forme
logicielle pour l’enseignement à distance destinée à l’apprentissage de la langue
arabe. Dans cet article, nous allons décrire les outils nécessaires pour construire
une plate-forme d’enseignement à distance basée sur un système multi agents.
Nous allons exploiter les concepts et les méthodes de l’approche multi agents
pour la conception de notre plate-forme. Enfin, nous allons identifier pour
chaque type d’utilisateur de la plate- forme les agents nécessaires
Papers by dalila SOUILEM
Index Terms— Ambiguity, Arabic language, categorization, Disambiguation, HPSG, linguistics.
transferring the classical text books to an electronic medium
giving us the opportunity to learn almost anytime, anywhere.
It has become an important stream of education in present
and has a promising future. Successful e-learning
applications for efficient language teaching require various
corpora and Natural Language Processing (NLP)
technologies. This paper deals with the application of NLP
technology and IMS QTI standard to construct an online
Arabic learning environment for learners. Our work is an
integration of two areas: linguistics computer science. It
focuses on three objectives: the development of linguistics
resources and tools for the automatic processing of Arabic,
the building of ontology for the Arabic language and the
application and extension of the IMS-QTI for Arabic
grammar as well.
ث ٕٚق ٤ٖٙجص٪ز، ٣صضذثخ دش ذّ٪ش ٙ ف ٤ٖ ث نٕٖ ٩٤ جس ث ضٕ ٨ ص ذَ ث ضٕ ٤ط٪و ث نٕٖ ٧٤ ث ٕٚغ ٤ٖح سٕٖجع ٤ح. ١زث ث قٕ ٩ٚ ْٞٞج ٜٙ طٞجفز دشٙد٪جس صضٚ ْٜ ٜٙ صس ٪ٖ ٣ٙسج جّر ى ٢ ث نٕٖجس ث غٕذ٪ق٪ز. ٜٙ ث ٕٚدجلاس ث شٕة٪غ٪ز ٕٚقج دٕز
ث نٕٖجس ث غٕذ٪ق٪ز ٝدذ ث ضٕشخٚز ث ٫ ٪ٕز، إ ٩دجد ث ٕٚق ٤ٖٙجس، ى ٢ ثلأعت زٖ ٣ثلإخجدز ف ٪ٖ ٢ج ، ث ضٕ ٪َ٪ فٜ دقذ. ٩ٞذسج ١زث
ث ٕٚ جَ ى ٨ إعجس ث ٕٚقج دٕز ث ٫ ٪ٕز نٕٖز ث قٕشد٪ز د ٢ذه صظٚ٪ د٪تز صق فٜ دقذ نٕٖز ث قٕشد٪ز. صغضٞذ ١زٟ ث ذٕ٪تز ٜٙ
خ ٢ز ف ٦ٖ ٙق٪ج س آ ٧ أ أط ٪ّ ٤ ص ٨ آ ٧ ضٕس ٪َ ص ٤ثى ث ضٕشن٪ ٣ ثلاعضٚشثس ٩ز، ٣ ٜٙ خ ٢ز أخش ٥ صقضٚذ ف ٦ٖ
ٙدٚ ٤فز ٜٙ ثلأد ٣ثس ث نٕٖ ٩٤ ز )ث ٕٚقد ،٘ خ ٤ثسصٙ٪ز ضٕسذ ٩ذ ث ٤ٕؽجةو، ث ٕٚس ثظٕشى ٨، ث ٕٚس ث ٕٞس ٧٤ ، ث ٕٚذ ٣ٝز(.
انكه بًث انجوهش تٌ. ث نٕٖز ث قٕشد٪ز، ث ٕٚقج دٕز ث ٫ ٪ٕز، ث ضٕق فٜ دقذ، ث ٕٚقج ٩٪ش، ث ضٕ ٪َ٪ ،٘ آ ٧ أ أط ٪ّ ٤ ص ٨ آ
services associés comme le courrier électronique ou les serveurs d’information
de type Web, l’enseignement et les situations d’apprentissage se déplacent du
cadre institutionnel de la salle de cours vers le domicile, l’entreprise, etc. Il est
donc nécessaire de concevoir aujourd’hui des environnements informatiques
d’apprentissage qui prennent en compte la mobilité des apprenants, leur
assurent un suivi individualisé afin de respecter leur rythme d’apprentissage et
mettent à leur disposition la présence humaine parmi l’ensemble des ressources
pédagogiques accessibles. Notre objectif est de construire une plate-forme
logicielle pour l’enseignement à distance destinée à l’apprentissage de la langue
arabe. Dans cet article, nous allons décrire les outils nécessaires pour construire
une plate-forme d’enseignement à distance basée sur un système multi agents.
Nous allons exploiter les concepts et les méthodes de l’approche multi agents
pour la conception de notre plate-forme. Enfin, nous allons identifier pour
chaque type d’utilisateur de la plate- forme les agents nécessaires
Index Terms— Ambiguity, Arabic language, categorization, Disambiguation, HPSG, linguistics.
transferring the classical text books to an electronic medium
giving us the opportunity to learn almost anytime, anywhere.
It has become an important stream of education in present
and has a promising future. Successful e-learning
applications for efficient language teaching require various
corpora and Natural Language Processing (NLP)
technologies. This paper deals with the application of NLP
technology and IMS QTI standard to construct an online
Arabic learning environment for learners. Our work is an
integration of two areas: linguistics computer science. It
focuses on three objectives: the development of linguistics
resources and tools for the automatic processing of Arabic,
the building of ontology for the Arabic language and the
application and extension of the IMS-QTI for Arabic
grammar as well.